S (' R A 1> S 



PRISON TABLE, 






Camp Chase and Johnson's Island. 






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So 

M. PAllKBIt 01 SBWlt) 



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K i. 

I M \l'l I R II 
III. 

( HAITI i: l\ . 

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, . . II 

: M I) 

- 

. . III. 

i 

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K R R AT A 

i • 



I' I! I'. !■' A CE. 



This literary loaf will be composed of Bcrape, whether 
they will be crumbs "t' comfort t<> the reader, is beyond 
the k«- n "t" the writer t" d< ' it is simply :i qnestion 

of !'!• . for the dainties of freedom from & 

China in (J duty, or the more humble offerings 

faithful performance of the same. It 
is not the intention "t" the author to write a history <>t" the 
that laborious undertaking will be left to abler 
hands; yel I deem it -luc the public, who may honor 
perusal, enl them with :i 

synopsis, which will be found in my tir.-t chapter, the 
listinguished Tennessean, A. < >. P. Nich- 
olses which led th<- South t-» appeal 
to the arbitrament 1 in which I found justi- 

•i in dr »rd, in opposition to the 

encroachments of fanaticism, and t" : *. I > I in Btaying the 
i]».n the land on the 
• the corrupt leaders of the abolition party <>t'th<' 
• that the programme of that party, if 
lowed the destruction of the Southern 
most humane, s"<-i;il organizations 
with power known to I] I ry, and the annihilation of the 
9 ith by the )>"liti.-;il elevation of the 
nt of the Whit ' thus 

1 rnment, by which 



1" 11. 1 PACK. 

their J piirp 

u ould I- 

' for in v action in th< 
«li«l was executed with an lion< . although 

• i duties 

devolving upon me, during my four years' in the 

armies of the Coi 

In publishing the "scraps" 1 am not prompted bj 
spirit of or vindictivenesa, but am performing 

; of justice to the people of tlie South, in showing 
ho* ; were treated at camp < 

I at an eai • ■ . re that 

demon ism led to die atrocities at r'orj Delaware and :it 
other prison pens :it the North and it' we were badly 

i. b I will clearly bIjow we wrr<- in t 1 
1 • n alone could hn ! tin- snfferin 

to BUpporl the !>r :nrtit 

to u hi< li he was Biibja 

Tlie following letter from the provisional Govern 
Alabama, Hon. I.- ■'. I '.. I ' - attached a 

of my treatment of Union men during the war : 

" l-\l . i riVE I »l PARI Ml NT, StaTI OP Al U\M \, 

r, Sept -Ttn. l 8< 
" I •• all whom it ma\ I.I I .. 

1 I (vornor oft] 

r Memphis, 
r in the I nally 

■ li:i\ ing I at 1 .. the 

f tllt> 

\h Iced for his kin-l and i-onsiu 1 

w ho ui re .->>• ini- 
w itliin tl of the conscript law 

of t!.' I I ,11 

kind and humane that it 
■ . • • the more ultra portion of our people, 

■us band and 



PR] I \< B. 1 1 

" l.i u 18 I'.. PAR8 

•• Pro. < lov. of Al:i. 
•• i:. the Gov. Ilberi Ellm , Sec - •••.*' 

The followii aph in a letter dated June 17th, 

• . from the then Uovernor of Alabama, Hon. T. II. 

added to bIiow that while considerate in my 

. I w as not derelict in my duty 

to the d : 

•■ 1 cannot withhold the expression of my gratification 
on being informed of the kin<l and considerate manner in 
which you have discharged your unpleasant and onerous 
dut 

■• \ orj n -. \ our "l>t. sert., 

"T. II. Watts. " 

I •. additioi I t is the intention of the 

imple chronicle of :i soldier's life from 

field, thei p Chs e and Johnson's island, 

with notes while in confinement. It' I give offence to 

ifficer whose name is in the 1 k, 1 will exceedingly 

• it. a~ I . e need their names with :i purpose 
• and amusement -and it is to l>e 
i that :i little family history of those with whom I 
1 may !><• laid upon the family altar an 
try. 1 es ! let their chil- 
dren know thai even it' the voluminous pages of this 

• t to r rd the name of many 

it will be found in one little volume thai 
■ Deration tl ilation, for 

e the pii mall library, I 

rrandfather's name, who fought at Yorktown, com- 
plimented t<>r d an almanac : and I hope 

I in this work 
will ip| B. 



S C KVA MS 

n:< >\i i ill 

PRISON TA BLE 

r II A I'T i; R I . 



«Y SOPHIA OP THK Es'tHOACDMENTS <>V TUK RADICAL 
PARTY. lllKIK WAR UPON THK CON8T1TI [TON. 

^ T I.W Ki - • I •■• • settled by tin 1 Puritan- who effect- 
^ ed th< Revolution of 1620, and de<»pitated Charles 
I. The Southern ( *» »1« »Tii«-- v upied by a more 

l"N-il Po t!i<' noble family of Baltimore waa grant- 

ed, by Royal Charter, tin- province "t" Maryland. I" 
inch adherent* of the crown were a<-<-.>r<lr<i prantfl 
North and South < larolina, and 
1 

I ■ ■ !■ I*:il in 

Ihir ••■riu, tli" people divided into two hostile 

for office through tin- profewdon <-t' 

principle*. 'I'll' N England Statea, led U\ 

John Ad • "t* tli** Kederal I 

ernn nine tin I I tntion. 'I'hia wa« 

I "[■■ S..nt ; ■ .1 by Th< 

• I oderal en- 

!un< lit. Tlii- was the 1 >r!ii" 



11 LAPS 1 BOM Tin: PRI8 >S I IBI I . 

In 1 7 '. ♦ 7 . John Adams, of Massachusetts, wa 

• of the Confederacy. During his term, the 
Alien mikI Sedition laws w< 1 by the Federal I 

enactmi 1 by the 

<>t' tin- South, since, in their opinion, they invested the 
!. tivi with powers no1 conferred by the Constitution 
and inimical to popular rights. The Creation of 
tional Bank « i subject of keen conti The 

public nun of the N«»rtli sustained it with virile 

of the South opposed it as unconstitutional and of 
doubtful expediency. 

In 1801, Tii..: \ _ inia, w if • k 

President. During this term, the V !■;• 
displayed a bitter animosity to the South, which a 
chiefly, from the South having put :i limit to the - 

. in which these State- were profitably 
When, tl • ,T( fferson proposed the pur- 

chase of I.oiii-i:in:i from France, the \. .-•■ tn States vio- 
lently ted, because it in the territory and 

rofthe South. Congress empowered the pun 
April, L803. 

In 1805, Thoi i Jefferson was re-el< P 

deney. Mi- second term was troubled by the war bel 
Kngland and France, The Berlin and Milan decn 
. and the Orders in Council of tlie British I 
eminent, equally assailod American inter Ourv< 

l.oiin.l either to English or French port-, incurred capture 
and confiscation. This left but one alternative, eit] 
Ion our trade with Kurop to war to pi 

To escape the latter, President .1 recommend- 

o put a temporary -t..]> to all our 
•i trade. Tl i hementlv opposed by tin 

: . !->• their inl icing i 

ci.nniM icial, wi u-lv damaged. Tlie Km 

(lb Decei .... hereupon 

I tern State* threatened I I uion, 

». V .nil. rn ( lonfeder 

In IN ''.'. .1 .• ■:■ M .■: ti »n, ..f \ 

• r hi-« :i« '. the 

\ I , to appeal e the 



LPfl I ROM l ID PRISON TA1 1 5 

I law, the Non-intercourse A < t . 

I ■. which prohibiten] 

! ml and Krance. Nov? E&ngland, how- 

on an indirect t r:i<l«- with Europe, through 

• In Bpite ol nil these precautions by 1 1 1 * - ' > 

ernment, our ' and dignity were inwssantly out- 

i ind. Kinally, the indignation of the coun- 

■i 1 1 1 •« 'lieu i - to declare war, May, 1812. 

In 1813, .1 • Madison was re-elected President. 

During the war, the Government was supported by direct 

- upon the States : but the New 

i i«d, for the moat part to oontrhV 

r closed, January, 1816. To resuscitate 

I • ■ • ' •-' isury, m new financial policy was in- 

\ tariff of high duti< I by ( Jon- 

. April. 1811 I ngland advocated this law, 

! -' war, she had transferred her capital 

t'roiii commerce to manufactures, for which she d< 

ri.'ii. The South was injured by the tariff, but Bhe 
mi|>I> from patriotic n • John C. Calhoun, 

f South ( i. went bo far as to introduce ;i mini- 

rate foi duties, that is, a rate below 

which the <luti.-s should not falL A new National I 
I. Vpril, 1816; the old one h;i\ u 
: i 1811. 
In 1^17,.' Moi oe, of Virginia, was elect 

I Nirii •■ mi, the into ■untrv 

prosiMTt d. N gle occurred betwe< n the [>oliticiani» 

ind and the South, till 1820, when Missouri 
applied t'<>r admission into the Union :i* ■ Slave State, 
pposed it violently, on the ground 
1 : ■ 1 nion was in danger of dis- 
solution, when, tin i" M - \ >- adin tted by (\>i i 

on the compromise thai thereafter no 
i north of .">i» 30* parallel 

1 I B2 I . .1 .:: • Moi r ■ i Praident, Dur- 

m • ween the politicians 

n<l and thotte of Uie S- u. t h, on the subject 

of the tariff policy inaugurated ;it the peace. Nen 1 _- 



1 'i LPS l BOM l ill. PRISON l MU.K. 

land demanded more protection for her manufacture*. 
This the South opposed, on tlie ground that her manu- 
factures had protection enough, ;m<l next, m in- 
crease oftlie tariff trimental t<< the inter- 
ah. 
In L 825, John Quincy Adaraa, of M.-- 
• 1 President, During this term, a heated contesl 
■ 1 on bel England and tlie South, on the 
tariff |>"li''\'. In 1828, m ue\* act was passed bj I 
jjress, which raised the duties t>> an almost prohibitory 
standard. The averaj 1" per oent. on imports. 
The South designated thi> act as the " Black Tariff." 
In 1829, Andre ■■ ■ •' ee, became I ' 
ili-iit. During this term, the extreme Tariff poli< 
'.;ui«l led to violent remonstrance in South I 
Una, whose interests were seriously injured. She al 
that ;i policy to enrich one section of the country at the 
expense of another was unjust and unconstitutional. She 
itened to resist this policy by force. A compromise 
ftected, March, 1833, by which tlie obnoxious tariff 
was modi 

In 1833, Aii'hvw Jackson was re-elected President. 
During this term, an acrimonious struggle was carried on 
the politicians of the North and South, on the 
k, created at tlie peace. The former 
maintained it was necessary to their trade and comm< 
the Latter, while denying it- constitutionality and <• • 
(ties, • their fears of its becoming :i political 

ne, that might in the hands of unscrupulous doLh 
. do much harm. The charter was allowed to 
expire in 1836. A polic) known under the nam< 

rnal Lmprovemenl i in this term, 

j . • • 1 1 ol the North, but the South opj 
I ion ;»t t : the » » t i • 

In 1 h37, Martin \ an Uu 
.. :.*. I mrii 

uuiitry. The Northern politicians pro] 

! :i'. and 
•nth opposed them all, ai un- 
tioiud in their tendon 



EM i: \!-> l ROM l HE PRISON I ABLE. 17 

In 1 -41, William I [enry I [arrison, <»l" < >lii'>, was el< 
lent. Il<- died Boon alter hi> accession to office. 
The Presidency was then administered by the Vice Presi- 
n Tyler, of Virginia, a- provided by the Con- 
stitution. Daring this term, Northern policy mostly 
died. The Tariff was augmented, September, 1 x II . 
and August, L842. A Bankrupt Law was passed, August, 
1841. A law iras carried through Congress, July, I s II. 
dividing the public domain among th<- respectn 
in proportion to their population. The effect of this was 
rable to the manufacturing States of New England ; 
t->r. l>\ (rutting off from the Federal treasury the Receipts 
from the public lands, it made a higher Tariff imperative, 
to iii-ur<' a sufficient revenue. The new bank charter 
failed. Al tlie end of eighteen months, tlie Bankrupl A.ct 
• :. 1 9 13. A new Slave State, Texas, was 
admitted t-> the Union, March .'», L845. The ad Cor 
dividing the public lands was repealed, January, L842, as 
iii«l nrri'ssurv t<> retain them as security t<>r 

lu I K. I'mIIv, nf TciuH -s.mm', was inaugurated 
• nt. During bis term, the Tariff, which was pres- 
sing I in the interests of the South, was modified, 

July, 1 N ' nt. in a sju-rial iiicr-sip' t'» 

1 , May, I H4(i, announced that the Government of 

id com n if war against the Confed- 

1 ' . • tion, all sections of the country, 

North and South and West, united in declaring war 

['he war closed, February, 1848. The 

1 . . ilupi -Hidalgo, whirl i followed, ceded Cali- 

t-Tii . tlie I fnited Stal 

I 184!), * L'aylor, of M pi, becan I 

[hiring this term, the old issues between the polvt 

Soul • re abandoned, t<> n it : 

.1 Bank, m i>f [nternal 

Imjit a I) ion of tb I ' iblks Lands. The 

ritory, however,, afforded the 
public men ol fertile field of d 

• i e-onteiulfd admitting slavery into the 

I 



1 1 

I 

f the 
however, 1 ■ ' 

• 

In I - 

; 

■ 
P 
i 
i ... 

A 

\ . 1 ' 

!i peeai I • • - - 

i into 
aded 

In 1 v >7. . 

North, 

on tin* - . :irii- 

I'r- *i'l< • 

• • l'«»r .-4 

■ ■ emtier, 1 B60. 

|>r'>rnMinr<Hl in : 

.1 



ift FROM 1 in PRIB05 I \ni E. 19 

I the Southern have 

.••1 t 1m ir connection with the Union. The <i\il 

compart they made with the Northern States, in 17 v '.», 

equal rights t<> both, :m<l equal protection 

. had been violated. Being in a minority in the 

1 deraey, they eonld oppose no legal barrier t<> th<* 

:mti--' ntiments <»t" the North, which, earned into 

ition, would confiscate their property, and even 

involve th< 

The abolitionist is ;i practical utlni-t. In the lang 

e >•!" tlieir < * ■ < • 1 1 : 1 1 ministers Rev. Henry 

• . i • M u'l i u 

•• Phc <i'»l of humanity is not the God of slavery. If 

so, shame npon such a <!•>'!. I scorn him. I will never 

hrine; my 1 1 • •:»« 1 >h:ill go off with my lint 

1 * ike it <>t!' to such a (><«\ as that. It the Bible 

sanctions slavery, the Bible is ;i aelf-«vident falsel d. 

Ami. I nould declare it t<> be right, I would I 

the chain upon the heel of such :i < lod, and let the man g© 
I rod ia a phantom." 
The r. • 1 i ur ; ■ • : i <>t' the |>eo]ile of N< •■ England is a pecu- 
. around which the minor matters of society 
wives like ferruginous particles around a 
••.n>. All the elements oliey this general law. ho- 
rned t«> <: gland M morality" 
• !•-!:<■! what it has undertaken. It has 
itilted Kree Masonry. Its 
. papers, lectures, 
lutions, memorials, | gislatton, pri- 
n, public ad< in a word, < t er] eon- 
■ •<1 whereby appeal may be brought t<> mind. 
tat ion and it- language, fruit I 
irtaken throughout of a character th.it is 
hh warlike. 
•• In ! m_"i t;_'r ii«. rlcment .v<r flung '»nt more <!»■!' 

authority t" man. 

• 'i has broken up more 

an<l parties, churches 

• i, <>r ruptured more organisations, po- 

\\ 



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• 


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L' 






21 

■ 
'.'■ ■ 

- 

_ the S 

■ 

■ 

-. 
■ 

- 

- 

■ 

■ 
v 

\ 
■ 



<>> 



si ii \r> i i;"M 1 111; I'KisuN 1 Aiii.i:. 



■ bordc «'t" mraii- .. whining Yankees peltii 

woman into a rigorous • 
entertaining a peculiar opinion, or not conforming t<> gome 
rite of public worship. Ami w ith what unutterable imli^ r - 
nation does tin- blood l»»il at tin- 1 1 : 1 1 1 l: i i _' ol Mary Djt r, 
simply because she wa Qo Jeer. This was her only 
offence. S!i<- died, and died upon tin- gallows, 
she held a faith different from tii"-- people • ' i had d&- 

■ '/i-m.y/r • mi t !<■ <>'■ {gious Iti 

The ferocious ami bloody fanaticism <>t' the witchcraft 
I tuitions is toe i«\ < <lt in^ for statement. I' 

ur to it. 

inoe tor a moment at tin- Puritans in power in the 
colony of Maryland, in tin- year 1676. We nave already 
allmlfl to the fact that the Roman Catholics had I 

lished perfect freedom ofconseien opened an 

asylum for the persecuted and pro <vy faith. 

Availing themselves of this liberality of religious jurispru- 
dence, many Puritans from N< ••■ England entered the 
colony, and in the course of a revolution, in thi y< 

lame I. mounted into political power. The earliest 
exerc by this new 

an edict prohibiting the freedom of public worship t>> all 
papists and prelatists. Here wesee manifested the same 
cable spirit that now animates the Abolition party 
of the country. Indeed, the Yankee is th< mimal 

in h!! '1 in all situations. !!• is l *univeraal. H 

The f the J-i »nvinced that the 

hotel . whom they had bound I 

would not long dwell in peaca Washington sincerely 
«l<-iri«l the perpetuation of the Union, but he died in the 

1 become 
tin- < property of the South. And. 

perhaps the next man to Alexs lor II unilton, among the 
■ riots, had it clear und unclouded \ iai 
■ rupture, though he »;i- somewhat di 
proxim ' following 

Mr. Jel i the \ icw - ->t M r. 

Adams upon this subject, and is a!-, interesting as another 



\i> i KOM 1 ill PRISON I Mil i:. 

illustr Lbe supreme meani entiment, 

iv in-' • type : 

"December the 30th, 1803. The Rev. Mr. Coffin, 

uid, who i> dow here, soliciting donations 

• _■■ in < Jreeii county, in Tennessee, tells me that 

he ttrsl detennined to engage in this enterprise, 

< >r ii r im-ih Lit > >r \- of the enterprise, 

which li<- meal med by clergymen, and :i simi- 

ue for |>crsons in :i <-i\il character, ;it the hei 

which hu wittlied Mr. Adams to pul hi- name, he being 

then President, and tin- application going <<n\\ for his 

. snd not for ;i donation. .Mr. Adams, after reading 

tin* paper and «-«»ii— i-1* ring, said • no possibility of 

continuing the union of the 31 ; that their dissolution 

must : that he, therefore, .-aw no 

propriety :u recominendiug to New England men to pro- 

ition in the South ; that it was, in 

ih t<> those who were to be their ene- 

. ;iinl therefore he would have nothing to do with it' " 

i- philanthrophy in our forefathers has become 

Ltithropy in t! udants, ami compassion tor the 

\a\ to malignity against the master. 

nothing. The one idea pre-eminent 

lit it>ii ! 
It i* worth) of notice in this connection that most abo- 
litionists know little or nothing ol and slavehold- 

1 what they 1 ned from excited, can 

ami '■ from a superficial, accidental, 

<>r ] : rvation. Krora « li>t. >rt »•< 1 fa 

■ i frequently malicious caricatures, 

utliern .-!a\ eholders as the 

unprincipled men in the universe, with no incentive 

u.1 iment 
'\ . 

nformatioi lired from discha men, 

, and 
rilo»;> fou '1 no matter ho.. crated may be 

. the) never fail to find willing • n among 

thi- 

I:i pirit with whicl 



I I mi HE PBI80N l \lU.i:. 

thcr timei and nobler 

:ill, both boi 1 OUt. 

meth riptural interpretation have been d 

under which tin- Bibh light tlii 

* '1 iri^t and hw « 1 i ~ • • i i • I • • ~ had no conception. \-- 

semblings for i into 

for the "i" incendiary «1 •<•- 

trinea, and thus ■ common suspicion h 

of all Northern i « ■ 1 i^r i * >n - 

iction an 
:;il l»:in«ls of Christianity thrown around tin- North xml 
ian, old and new, I 

:. Meth' iy nothing <>t" the 

< ii \ ir- • .'1 mis-: three 

.In -iniy raptured and whenever an annivi 
bring • !ii/:i- 

uted of division, wrangling, 
vituperation, and reproach, t ; >n ami it.- 

with 
u lih li it is wont to !><■ in\ ested. 

Iy, the i ' :il>"!:ti"' ■ .-.'11- 

ptant "ii upoi • H .th. 

\* '■ e * •: ■■' ' old Confederation, tlie amoai 
territory [Sou then 

pquare m onnl on ned by • lu-rn 

81. In 1 783, \ to the 1 United 

■ ■ 

norti i \'ii... Id 1787, th< N rthern 

• t.» tlieir own exclusive u-<-, by 

pMMig the celebrated ord whereby 

. ind all 1 excluded from the 

• in tin- 

from I i million* of dollars, the territory 

" 1.1 V. 1 ! 

territory. Ii 

M ' ' III] <rrnn 

t <> free ten 
rnary, 1 Bill, 



I \IW.K. L'.. 

i the 
I th an an 

■ 
u hi'-h I r 341, M>3 rjnarc 

U , Flordia oi 

- 

ted liy the N'orth. 
M squire I 

mpted to 

off tV'>; there I 

• ■ 

i • 

■• 

Of all l 

I >w< I 

than lias 
■ li. 

:i|).i|| til- < 
1 
1 . 

ill li 
furl 

. 
I 



. 

8 -nth, 
and t > drain : 

■ 

cd mi ti the 

i un- 

r, until, 1 • v ii> own ii. 
.il outnumber ti by h 

■ 
property, and I 

■ 

1 

I 

i 

.ti:. W 

■ 

.' the 



Ill I III PRISON T mu.i:. 21 

' it i « » 1 1 i — 1 1 in, and, with fran- 

of the negroes, through incen- 

med thcin to the ground, and pro- 

throughout the entire community thai 

incipient thought of future manu- 

\\ • of liiBtorical t":i<t.~ upon which 

I : .'. hat I ha ly Btated, it may that 

«'t' this country, African 

introduced and overspread its whole 

itliern t loloniee had, from t ! i « - fertility 

:' their productions, become the 

k labor : hut tin- influx 

prod net i\ e powers, and I" 

iding men of that M'<-ti>>u 

t!!ii. Thej <l.-\ ieed what means they could 

• \ eluded or overpow- 

\\ bile the Southern ( '<-! 

earlj date, l>"th inconvenience 

• ii the I ho were forced upon 

England Colonies, were 

ble business upon the solitary 

The principal occn- 

1 i e :iu<l the 

I i N I . gland ships made t! 

■ 1 with • I other Soul hern pro- 

■k in British manufactures for the t 
' . returned \\ itli 

hern Col them, and reloaded 

•h :m«l Europe, as 1 - 
the round \ em- 

number ^<\ the cured 

i • • • i . 

•i. \\ Inch n demand 

I ■ - . . these ti~h were Bold iti 

The latter whs 
hich, in I PH n g chara< I 

■ i inder the British < i"\ <-rti"r-. 

barter for Bl a 



led \\ ith rum 

. ith 17 7". N 

■ 

1 
v. 

mumit t ; 
the i tuntry, v. 

M 1 . 

- 
In 17.. 

! 1 
. 

I this 
In t: i 

■ 

. 

it the 

M 

. 

I < 



i ROM ! : ; 'I Mil I . 

. founded on 

•lit- into collision. 

( I Tgia, and 

• the Federal Go\ ernment, 

were tin 

■ ;I<1 not hold lii- - 

I Inited Suites, had 

On 1 ' iry, the right 

undoubted. The |>"Ii<". 

M Jeffer- 

irried into tin 
north ")' the ( )lii" 
heme of 
■■> tlir trading 

.-. itli 1111:1- 

• *!i-' time, but, 
11 the Fed 

• joining tin- restitution ol 

imoualy. 
■ lit ..t" tli> I • 
■ 

d on by 

■ i 

! 

•li it had 1" 
.■I long and carn< 
n l'_v tin- mother conn- 
vvith 
h ftic. The 

i -il i' 

I 

I 

Soul would 



IP8 FROM I Ml I'l. 

lintv thai 
expire I : 3. 

luration "t' n 

:ilK-<l tO 

Prom the time remaining. The Duke 

ourt, in lii- work «.ii tin' United 1^ 

From th<- harbors of the North are 
•i the importation of 
,-hij. v ton bard< Thu 

that nn liil< Kew England I in buy- 

uid selling N i tier hand, 

pursuing 1.- of mami 

In 

:t to put in force the i 
<>t' the < institution enjoining the i 

i by the 
I titution in the light of pi It lik< 

for taxing them, 1 that i 

of thfir number Bhould 

Thi nly, the 'ii by I 

1 ■ tution, in their ii I 
.John rw ards Preside nt, and Do Ki tnklin 

.-■.-. ' I 1 

taincd piw ision for |*a> mcnt of 
other I'rojHjrl 

uid approt <<1 by the I i 
inent, . bo had taken tin- 

institution. In tl 
I lient, in 1814, I 

•iintiit paid :i millioi 
I 

1 l 

\\ 

'• I . i 

I that had 

■ 



i ROM I Ml PRISON 1 \l;i I . .".1 

.■'■ l I 'I was finally 

• • ' I is paid :i- an 

1 - » t i < . t " the Kederal ' I 

i uniform and consistent in asserting :m< 1 

- iiii-t :ill 
'it t<» this property has 
•i our domestic i 
| old f" discuss the I • 

i lopting it. tin- right «'t" property in 

I .' that tiii!' 

t property w uimman The 

u herever he round it 

:>t:iI .1 u< lir<-. :> warranl 
oval of it. There was n" pro> 

' /-. which 
I : - lered 

In 1791 ; the Treaty of P< 

N nnd or Kederal Party, 

\> in the Presidential chair. At t hi- 

Slavci estioi aenth agitated by 

i South, with a \ i<'\\ to it^ 

h 1800, .1 • in 2, Mr. \\ •■. of Phila- 

(.'ongress, from the free 

•i of the Kugi- 

I in | , M r. I [arrison I 

i party, thus expressed liim- 

•• \ lth< ■ • himself," h< 

\ i >t hers might ii'>t ; and thai 
the fittest |H»rsonB 
Mr. Brov 

"that the 
ontrivancc 
I i 
I many ; I 

He ther 

w ho had 
'I I > v 

N • hern meml>ei 

them 



'• . III. I'RIS< »N I \ 

ill t>> 

lv of 

n au- 

. 

I 
(J I 

I . . • . 

North An 

thai 1'iir- 

i . 

alid I 

V 111 ll\ th« il' ..|.|MI- 

.! law 
I - ild be 

ulilic 

led i" 

■ 



,111. I'KISI '•> 1 Mil I . 



wind! I '. '. SI ■ r\ in tin- I 

• i.'ti of i!i'- cotton-gin, 

pie, and hence 

; In- employ inenl of tin' Blacks. 

' tana, w liiih added new 

• in- South ami it- sjtccial pro- 

■ I roiuph !>-l> the 

I I 
uiic henceforward 

termination of the 

: i hud profitably employed for so man} 

i land, rendered 

nt t" the prolongation of 

ii up, they I 
it, and which has 
.vith uninterrupted bitten 
, and the pu 
w hii-li were bo di I to the North, 

i by the Embargo Act. in 

: 

measures, 

ii. led shortly 

1 deracy. In February, 

' , I », deputed 

■ n and ' 

; by tin- i.« nt, 

ident, 
1 I i rmnent. 

matured, that 
• 1 1 put 

i'lll'-l- 

( 

m. The 



1 inuliis 

i Soul 

l "ii. 
While tlii- irritation was -til! 

introduced int ' 

M I 

I 
■ 

I 1 ' 

I 

t< 'i ill the \\ li 

the 1 : 

-!..ii int" the Ui 
|i ntlv < '| •] ••»-»•< I 1'V ' 

. that tl ■ 
1 . hut which ■ llavecl I 

• • . I 
1 I • . • hat the H 

• il to he I 1 ! pun is] 

\\, 

I I ■ N - 

I 
M 

i 

1 

I' ! • ■ 

I 

tltitf pill 

1 



\i- FROM l III. PRISON l Al.l I . ...> 

•u to Lil'i-r [i M ch, \> '■>. \ ir- 

■ furnish tho < lolonists in Lib 
i of tin- •• Richmond and Mancl 
1 with impleraci I 

. darks to 

t to L re frequent all over tin- Southern 

1 >>l\ :i 1 

. 

il«l not 1><- -<>ld under two 

ition was making steady 

decided repugnance to 

to manifest i t -« 1 1*. Ohio, Illinois, and 

\ • States, forbade by law free Blacks 

. under any : : and a white 

lit one ii . equired to give bonds 

of tin 1 
i : from tln-ir idle habits, were considered 

i Soul hern States :il-<> 
ug there as seamen, should 
while in port. In consequei 

■ i' the 

Virginia, 

- ' ■ »tl' the ' w esl 

I »lom for free 1 1 This 

■ut nil tin- leadii icn of the South, 

Mr. M VI ' I the adoption of 

• on. 

■ 

was then al the 

i land, wh - already 

H aithern S . w Inch 

i. itton- 

1 \\ impracticable idea was 

i. gland 
irthwith 

mthropic 
. 



for the ] 
t the risk ol 

more HI 

of til 

th. 

I 

1 I 
fork, called the "J 

i f Abolition. ] 

cliool ?h< 

•• i . ■ ■ I to tlie 

VV. ] 

■ 
•• 'I v . • 

. 
' 'it up t 1 

I 

I 

I 

I '■ 

i 

■ 

i 
■ 

■ 

1 
1 



\r- FROM l ill. PRISON I \ri r. 

f the Eastern States be- 

• B. f J 

the Bame tactics as their British 

II of 
Highly-colored engra^ 
Black undergoing every kii ture, 

-•• who who could i 
ially to 

:ii the mails. I 
dered, at the til rous 

inuiiitv :tii«l t<> t: !tlic 

I it indignation frequently broke out into 

• 1 £32, 1 1 1 « - dwelling of Arthur 
linrch of 1) . ( were both d< 
Mai liK ntial citi ctioned I 

public feeling, and the well- 

•' • ■■ < Jourier and Enquirer," M r. 

Watson Webb, ' indi- 

, meanwhile, nued 

irith all tlie ardor of their puritanical 

.lids, 

in 1834 
Mr. < I 'arlia- 

lition lecturt , 
, that r J rmed for his 

i md. A in ■ ;cite- 

I by the Abolitio t up 

1 >r detaining fr< I 

; that 
and that as such thej had 
lina; but 
Ohio, 1 who 

South ( l, for I 

\ by Ma 

< ua] complaint of her a] 

sum- 

I 



II I 111. PRISON l \i 

! 
. which ' up oiider 

the til i ' I '• \\." \\ Inch ■• 

■ 
I'. 

■liti.'ii h . 

;il"!-;il ',■. 

i^th aim . that il 

lit high time b 
it into thi 

uid emolument. 
It will in the sequel 

: that the 
■ 
I 1>\ the hand of I polil cian, 

■ 
In 1838, I ion part 

• ■ ■ 

ill the promi- 

: the two rh :il | 

th. Tin n was 

opportune bj Mi m ■. Sin th and Jaj . the 
i the untoward bantlii ilition, t>> 

put tl test It hapi>ened thai I 

■ 
no monl 
it had 1 • led in the 

■ 

it hem •. Mr. 

V 

in I v I". 
I I 

■ 

u 1840, i 



I I in: PRISON I U 

ire t" the <-ii ivery 

i titutiou," and 

institutional inter- 

i f the North with 

the H 'I'll, were highly criminal." 

I N them Abolitionists <li<l 

ntiun of the South, where they en 

i, l>ut aroused ;i deep and natural feeling 

I tlmt had 

Unburns, 

I' lokfi remaining in the 5 
I . 1840, bIiouUI ed. 

1 i handful of Abolitioi 

, N. Y., : formerly to transform 

from a moral into a political question ; and 

political organization. 

- ■ i • • 1 1 with the parties of the 

1, Mr. I3iru< 

the 1 nited Stat -. I' 

to observers, that the 

. bolition were n<»t >■> much 

I '. ■!! t'» 

II N ■ . irded 

I leral 
ed but ■ 

new 

ii the d ikened by 

I'hi- tin*' country had once formed 

i ;.. Spain, 

i in insur- 

• lit, and \\-i- 

itions 
rojeet 
her t.t the I nited Si 
I ' 

_•■<■ lii> 

ma, in 

New 1 . inexation 

n the 
. but on tl 



Ill 

■ 

nd 1'V o] 
id for i 

should I" 

•ii i>r wil 

\ lull follow* 

' ' ' [) 

[844, by S 

is, led hi 

I imprnmi M 

Mr. NV. II. 
who ' 

N 
ii i 

i 

Yel 

N 
1 1 

I ' ! • . And 

l ' 



IPS ! ROM l III PRI» IN TA1 -11 

1 II • . . linsl the 7,000 

tln<>\\ ii • !". 

r ingenious mod itement, :i di 

'. kepi alive at 1 1 1 » - North ae t<> the 

l 9 I the 

them, :i 'itl proof of their H:_ r lit t<> 

rank I • ontroi < v~\ \\ ftf rather infl 

than of the Federal ireme 

1 [) Reott caae, 1 B63, w Inch Bel tied that 

s of the, Ui In h'il. 

• on iv-:i|.]>r.-in (I iii < . and the 

th «>n th -iiit v. ith 

the Wesl 
mi pied to render I 
h bill »■ nt in 

; iortetl l»\ M r. I - 
I II - Ml] contained :i claua to repeal the famous 

■nt It "t" the territories 
i impromise in 
»f adjusting the disputi 

-litii- 
than doubtful, 
t. >r i '• that I •! any power con- 

1 titution t 

ee individual could 

ng t<> their pleasure. 

• ally r nullit\ . I>e<»uee 

tnhle t" the north of it thai it would 

I only to the south of this 

ilture mi ;it and n 

II g on to its 

• 

• l\ to fai »f the 

S 

\ v 

le in the N I uland 
- already 

ruits 



iPH I BOM I HE PRISON I U 

in the nen crusade against . and funds in thi 

of bounty were liberally distributed. This unusual n 
t«> stimulate emigration wa 

obtaining a majority for the Northern 
people. Sm- : nipt, made with demonstrate 

vehement hostility t<> the South, re t-» pro 

and r< i of course, \s;i> calculated 

upon by i!i«- Anti-slavery propaganda, and the) were uol 
disappointed. Tl 3 ol M asouri, directlj 

joining K ifi in>t d to be forestalled, and, 

as it were, forced <'iit of their legal shai ritory in 

Hi.-li • i oximity : bo thej <• 1 i • 1 their lx»1 t" i 

emigration too, bul the slaveholders were naturally chary 
t-> carry their I with them, :i- they were Bure to 1"' 

tempted away. As a matt mpossiblc 

for i : pie of the two oppo . in their 

intemperate state <•!' mind, t" li\«' 1 » »i i j_r in ]■■ • ther. 

( '..Hi urn d, and • »ued. 

The Abolitionists wei 'v waitin 

i£ rightly anticipated that :i conflict, 

r or later, was inr\ itable. 

When the looked-for intelligence :it ! i wild 

and furious shriek for "bleeding Kansa ■ ■ in s 

tliousand echoes through all the valleyi ;land. 

The • of the Abolitioni i -I with the 

rdanl nj.j.i :il- to tlie passions of tin- people, and 
notliing Lilt imprecations <»t the most startling d< acription 
nched against the "Bonier Ruffians," as the 
settlers from Missouri were forthwith c) Public* 

lied in th( the j.nlj.it 

• trum for clerical 
ten rapid! • >t t«- buy arn mmunition 

for tl ; defenders «.t" an I Kai . . whose 

• 1 with the halo "t" martyrdom. 
n •• Sh u i in th.- well-sus- 

t be Abolitionists, ;m<l :i con*id< 
• i put. lie meeting in V ■'• H 
n Abolitionist, liev. II. V 
1 1 oklyn, and brother of the au tin " Uncle Tom's 

1 i h\ hih i BWell thi' 



M- I ROM l Ml PRISON I U.I I . 1 '• 

nj4 in tin- North. II' d< i' 'I his Das 

•• twenty-five Sharpens rifl i an- 

>uld collect the monej t" pay for tin in. in 
I lurch, tlie followiug Sabbath, which \sa- done. 

; i ingcniuuH i I< ■ • . and wj tjkilfullv handled, 

could not tail ' the Bympatbiee and -iir the paa- 

1 1 1 1 1 1 u i u i \ . Ever ail the Abolition 

ii laltorioual) in capping the mind 

of tlie N<>ri!i on the subject of Black Slavery ; nor musl 

it U n that they app< aled t«» something more 

its philanthropy, when tin d the cry of "No 

I '■ : : <-li sunply meanl that all that 

coiuttry stretching from the Mi iippi t<> 

• • I," Mounl given up \>< Northern 

It was natural, certainly, that bo palatable 

• able at tlie North : but just as 

• should be unwelcome at tli»' South, whose 

rimomoualy 

I 1 ihlicun party mel in com ention in 

i , June, 1 fcJ56, and made, for the first time, a 

party action. They ftelected 

t'.ir t 31 p. John ( '. Fremont, 

■ . of th< army, but w ith- 

il anti i'ihIi nt-. I • thought judicious 

. politician I ly identified w ith 

: i&ible conscqw 

i thought " of tli«' North. 

i tutred, t in part) w< nt to the polls, 

•.n«l brought off a \ ote of 1 ,33 I 

■ atic party, which wae 

Link I- N orth and South ; but the 

line that, w ith th< 

. the) aould can) ofl 

', I860. It wai thus that the 

in of slavery, borrowed from 

I by our Abolitio i kept alive by their 

;hly injected by it, waa, 
lion and made a part) 

In < • • red which amazed tlie 



■ Pfl PROV I HE li Bl I". 

■ '. 

of \ i John Bro 

i I '• om ii had figured 

daring ring-leader of tin- ai d con- 

tended for tin 

ided, In- was reduced to 
at the loss <>t' tin- sten 
W I ether it 
inspired him, n<> . 
ribie projed of setting on f< 
hollowed l.\ a handful <«t' <l< . In- suddenly 

■ 
I rnmont, t<> obtain the arn ; . and 

n t>. si T< i 

doubt, the affrighted blacks ran to their n 
. and some were &ho1 

tt. mpl lied by the 

X • leratea, and th< 
ntion. 

riling"* • <1 by the titter failure of tl 

outrage, for it showed thai the blacks w 
with their home*, and desired not the < 
I. Another thing, if not quite 
■ I ->i M i in 01.-. Thin madman, Brown, had I" 

nd it v 
- mth how far he was ineib 
! alien : l -t their • 

nk tlir art i : ]'Tm\ :il of the 

Aboli - tells tolled for tlie 

■ 

deep into tin- mind 

ition of their property ami th< 

•urn-il in ' 

•i that tin \ 

; 



\r- i KOM i in. i u-"\ i \\>,\ i . !."» 

I ered that a b 

" I ding ( ': being secrotlj eircu- 

; i document.' 1 

The | ime wa ertion, n.^ 

. tlial the free labor <'t' the North wae 

■ • than the black labor of the South. The 

v Iolent in the extreme. We n ill 

. which will enable the reader to form 

■M of the character and < >t »ji*»-t of the work : 

.:, ci\ il. and political 

I practical period." — 

'iturv hence, it' the South re- 
1 i -I turbid ! she will h<- t'> the N 
I ' ind Ireland t<> 

i 

ribed No Co-operation with 
. ... Kellowslup with them in 
;i w ith them in Society. No Re- 
i ' . in. ii. . R . « tutlaws, 

... 
•• \\ _-ht t.» be, the desire, the 

• iuv of tlie Republican party t<> 
. 
• what will, transpire what may, 
i i\ must be abolish* d." (p. It 
•• \\ dish Blaverj at all hazards 

on, of w hatever nature, it 

its to bring against us. Of this 

■ in thru, eord- 

ii..n that all the Pro-sis 

luced to a parallel 

• .1 w ithin the oella 

Shall we 

i\ I he whl 1] 

rnal pillai 



■ 
•■li-li it . t.) 

| 
in v means I 

■ : 

North, ( 

t'r<»in • I ion. 

.' tbe 1 1- in q 

lipped i 
. . the writer 

• 

! 
1 i ' 

mind ><\' th< N 
■ hood W - truth. 

1 1 
' I 
for the I' The N 

i 

■ the 

ted Mr. U Hall 

. 
i ■ 

I 1 ; 

I 

i 

I . W I ! 



IPS i ROM in: '■ i \i'.i i . 17 

wily 
■ 
; but, to 1 

am Lincoln, 

ition on 

! the 

braham Line »ln, the rep- 

Rci . l»llf \v!; 

like the Trojan ! Id, tho ai ! 

U)oHtion ■ Shorl 

1 \ • h • pub- 

Mr. 1 

•i." 
h and Sonth, 

I h, Spanish, :unl 

I .' law, bul from the laws of the 

■ 

in all the 

I it would 

the S who 

Dcclarat I , to 

■1 tli.'V li-'! 

I 

1 • the power to tn\ 

• it trom • 11 on 

N 

■k.'il tlv 
11 north of 

i 

1 



I ROM I UK PRISON I IfiLB. 

• !i the 
- -h. 

The ilul l I <'ut i- undoubtedly t.« pit 

the i upon the Terril pie there 

• rui their own la 

»n of the slave question gn nally out 

ofthechnj land, at being deprived of the 

Slave Trade and it.- profits. It was prolonged by the 
mutual irritation that 1 
the purchase <>t' Louie necL 

I . ipation i in all the S 1 l 

until Abolition for ;|>"ii tin 

Abolition made little progress, until unscrupulous par- 
•• I with it t"«>r | 

rnmenl t" exclude 

I 'in the Territories, lias been blended with the 

- to the ■' ilavery." 

The cry of "I Soil" was raised in 1848, b\ Mr. 

Van Buren, to his non-nomination \<\ the South, 

T ed by the 

influ< I lenry ( 'lay. 

\ compromises, by tl onal 

I -i 1 " of the Northern Si n followed. 

•' the M I ompromise, in 1 s "> I. 

Attempt, by the A b 

". bid] v* 1 by the South. 

• :irt \ . under tin- lead oi Mr. \\ . II. 
• . ■ i 1 85 
.•t" the North, 

followed by tin- ii f \ John Brov n, in 

, • , : >n of the 1 1 

■• [j I Vol 'h. to justify 

to I I titution of < !<>ngr< as, has 

M i ..vol' Soil South, 

i domii 
the • 

■ 
• ion h\ tli<- \>»rth. whieli 
ned with ki nil 



kPfi FRi >\i i in: PRISON r \ i . i i : . 48 

! into a compromise, wliich has 
In 1850 they made new agreements, 
ulii- •'• ! I860 a 1( gal majority 

nt on the " Platform" that " Slavery 
rted t>» it- present limits." < hitraged in our 
in <>ur interests, w hat course is left 
S To fold their arm- and await more injury 

obloquy ? 'W « m 1< 1 this check tin 
North till both North and Smith were 
swallowed up in tin- vortex <»t* ruin ! I' clear that the 
South have no alternative, far better they should have 
live, far better the} Bhould have abandoned 
1 deracy than remain onl) t" in bitter 

c dignity "t" the country, and 
<<\ unil\ i t i ^r hatred, 
[n 1789, to our view, the South entered into 

\.>rth, on certain conditions and 
. and tin- South re- 
opinion, ' ;_ r tit\ . I • n 
re it true that the South owed alle- 

1 eminent .-till, she b 

I : . nee in 1 77«), ami the pn 

Europe justify all people in repudiating a 

•it uliirh a--aiK their rights and sacrifices their 

I • tin Northi do not acknowl- 

are tin * \ false to their origin, and 

i rnmi nt of opinion the t\ ranny 

ind we conclude our 

the course of »• ■ i »rded 

naturally ai 

What have the Abolitionists 

immed op as 

•• Witl ii in tli. ir 

with the ad disciplii 

(Milti titutional indolence lias 

into howl- 

. that if the South 

.. 



y 1 MB Pfl :l.l'. 

rid, unito incil, 

could net bo1\ <• tin- question of I I 

I be Uieir doom. Evi S >uthem i 
: uih and 
1. Touch the oegro, and you toucli the 

pring thai keeps tin- machinery 
i. In teaching 

Aboliti thus 

I 
i':i«-t uriiiLT in'' the civilized world. They have 

likewise destroyed confidence. In short, all tin- kind 

■II- that 

interrupted, and i 
whiel . ominercially, and politically, has 

. 
They hi 1 . i- held out a l 
they have taught the slaves in their ignorance to bi 
they could enjoy a lifl and luxury, and having 

cut t ; »f kiml masters, 

tin in from comfortable homes, 

inca] ilf-support, upon an unconjj , to live 

U tin- 

* 

■ he authors of their w retel 
I led a portion of th< N »rth, 

of tin- South, ami t<> plant t!, :i UlC 

that thai form •>!' u'"'' « rnmenl \\ hi 
■ ution of Sl.i\ ery in I 

;'ti"ii « • 1' the two races, 
1, for tin- ■: 
and I I'll. In other \\ ord 

tudc 

the country, 
1. Step !>> step thoj havi 

\ tjority 

I 
I the furtl f the 



M NIK PRISON i \i 51 

North has and, 

in tho history ... it ie 

i\ the interests <>t* the 

I I dow in tho li tiida of meu 

tes, who reg 

I they will have t!i<- m iry to 

mi, or t"i- • : 1 1 irresp in in li- 

the throne. 'Clad with the 
g oil p >nre 1 upon 
: that the 
i< 1 within 
i Nature and Pro h mid 

like the 

ip >r to both, that 
within 

I P lent of the 1 

I i nmenl e . 
•nl half fre •. I '1" not expect the 
l ; I do not expecl the house t<> tall, 

I 
. or all the other. Either the op- 
further spread of it, 
the public mind shall rest in th 

or it- 
until it .- ' alike 

. old .i- well 

•• I is much as an j Aboli- 

! line \\ big. I have 
. it in a 
I I were in ( 

\ hether !* diould be 

; of I he I > 

•• A l-hound 

; bio i I. The 

- 



-i i. in ri. "\i Hi' 

[l 
mmation : and it' all history I 

!i till tli-- end of I iched 

and tli^ dreadful banq rain shall 



si i: \r*- FK< 'M I III I'IMSON l Mil I ".. 



('II \ 1'T 1: I! I I 



• LM) PILLOW. 

ID, AM" ! KKI - 

M 

SIT. 

I\\ . F ;i man until South ( larolinn 

; i felt the 1 ime had arrived to define my 

>"L r i:i. when the n< 
rt Fused t.i Bhade the enemies of the 
ark Into the political 

■ 
r. i 

•iifimi of in\ 
If, it' not my hearers, 
•■ • I •!■ •■-. My peroration 

Ti ■ ■ ■■ ■ ■ an in thai 

1 plied the 

. in Bta} - 

■ would d 

i ■ \ onr hearths and 

i . Bui 1 

. 

i was 

lished 

1 ! . I '.!■>< in i. 

• and 

more bounty 

." •• Bully for P 

lly, all of 



5 I \ r- i ROM I HI. PRISON T.\: 

which ent had its effect 

tionini; the influence of that im'steriou i >mbi- 

h and h( 

< h returning to Memphis, T< nne I join< I 

organization, willed the Sixth Ward Company; found 

tin-in :i\\\ i U," and drilled with them. This 

med until the gun fired :it Sumpter, I3tb da 

April. 1861. Lii ln"> proolaination followed, and the 

South rushed to arm-. The excitement in my company 
became bo int. . ring t-> the fact, that Memphis had 
appropriated i l for defense, an act based on her 

proximity to Cairo, 247 mil'- disant, and the forti- 
fying :it Kort Harris, with my old school] I ptain 
Marsh Patrick, and his Crockett Rangers. Marsh being 
«»iic of the most recklessly brave mi I ad hi> 

rs just like liim that not deeming it saf 
my military prestige with such unflaniabl ial, 1 

transferred my ardor t<> an organization called tli • I 
Guards, commanded by Captain 'Tank Wi! nt 1. - 

man and a soldier, whose had health pr 
of that efficiency demanded by thi V) 

• 1 rilled !>v Captain Johu Cameron, of the " 5foungGu 
who, although barely out of his 1 mahlc 

in drill ana military decorum. His lieul Will. 

Bourne and Otis Smith, the former as gallant a boj i 
i"> er ' son of m\ old friend Ca] I I 

• • M 'ainost useful cit ix< ns, the Ial >ldier 

and genial companion, were effective aids to their captain, 
in all matters perl I .ptain 

bing touch which his 
I' nt education enabled him t" d.>. and the 

I f< »r act i\ e at n ieo, by o n the 

8th of J . 1861, with the author tain, on the 22d 

v follow , ;• • 1 inti> the - .,\ tin 

arm) -•■ provi- 

niona] forc4 undc: " I , h\ 

W . i:. < \. 1 >. t . • I ' .1. Pillow, 

tin- form* i" .i 

hji in - hearted soldier, 

■ •lie "i t( • beads in the uounl 



K< R IPS I ItOM 1 III. PRISON TAB] E. TO 

The following order was mj first introduction to mili- 
t uy life : 

" 11 i i /i- rata I > j '. / ' • '■// 

/ H . -/ / •> l -\ l s,; 1 . 

■• < I'. '•■•• is authorized by me to take com- 

mand of the regiment to rendezvous ;it Colliersville, 
I under the commission given mo by General 

Polk, t" : tnenta for the Confederate 

•• \\M. II. ( Sabrol, 
... ctor < r< neral, Tennessee Army." 
This kind offer of promotion by General Carrol was 
lined, owing t.> a promiae I made my company nol i" 
...■ them, which I fulfilled, and have no cause to 
it. Genera] Carrol was the son of Governor Carrol, of 
who with Jackson, :it Nen Orleans, made 
inous. There are few better men 
Bill Carrol; and I am Bure none braver. His A. 
\. i ,.. i Solonel ' i ill-' ooolesl .-<>Mi.-r 

under fix 1 . with an undying energy, that had it 

u.it been for an impaired constitution, would have }.la<-r<l 
him in tin- highest niche in the military temple "t" the 
1 ilone] Vonng did much towards organizing and 
live tin- military arm «>t' tin- Stale. 
Will mi Carrol, Jr., A. I>. ('.. was a model boI- 
i to his father tin- -.Mil of honor and a fitting 
■hoot >'t that worth) >\<><-k that has shed so much lustre 
on the name ••)' " Tenm »ean." 

I J ,n Wilkerson, I. < J., on the staff, « 

officer, distinguished himsell' at 
I;. \i nt, and u:l- ever foremost when there was dai \ 
m tli<- • .1 motto was a Btereotyped one, "be it 

on . higli, or in the battle's van, the noblest 

•h for man to ■ re he dies i'«>r man;" and if 

J not died, it has been 1 kind Pro> idenee 

ls held him in reserve foi of future peace and 

plenty, which bis big h. . oinently deserves. * " i « | ■ — 

officer, whom 1 have knou n 

:ti bid r . Mier, and \>\>\> lair t<> 

Uk. of the ( '"ii- 



. IPS FROM I III. PRISON TABLE. 

i i irder from G< Cai 

the notice <<\ General Leonidaa Polk, who imniediately 
Bummoned me t<> his head-quart 
•• ' .. neral Polk, I belies 

'• W :ilk in, « 

"Gen r J, you ; I *'"r me, and I am 1 i M3 

name is - 

M \\ . 1!. air, I knew who yon werebef I 
1 I T- order i- irregular, hi - : tin '■ bus 

j • « • r 1 1 1 i - ~ i < > 1 1 t" ^iments for t! i C. S. \.. whili 

are in tin 

•■ \ <Tv trne, Gen< .• ! : but you <:m muster me into the 
i . thus harmonizing m your 

conveniei 

"Well, tion. I will 

your case :it once," ;m<l with a l><>\v :ui<1 salute the 

innted, leaving me impressed with th- 
ot' the ti 

M ' iiartermaster during the 

. body abused him, and 
ivo him credit tor half he did. The mass of the 
troops from A rkaii . M npi, Lou 

Tennessee pn I through Memphis; a ho Rcers 

had t" be paid, tent . .. had t<> 

1 : banker, merchant, I" ■ 

appri hundred 

dollars per month. He had able as ; but the bulk 

|\ ed upon him al< 
. '■'. • I 

had 
th. -in no! ' I le with /Vi 
• 
kindl 

• p, u hieh I held one n 

litary 

. •}' the N\.ir, nil 

\\ i -• 
1 and in! 1 ' 



i. \r- i uo>l in. i :.i:. 

i . . \ I 

"...1 jud for which li<- \\u- 

t and 
mautown, :i \ illage ahum 
M< rnphis, on th • M. A < . I>. I>'. : at 
npted t) ization of a i 

-r in forming n brigade, to ho com- 
1 \\ . 1 1. I poll. I he ThirU-Rei 

lv formed, commanded by < 

• mikI thronghout I 
irty-eighth Tenin 
Colonel ] 1 friend of 

i splendid 
i of friends in the 

';. My own 

._'li for. t '. 

d we urn- l< 

I move my batl 

e M( mphis, on tl 

rlic trip. 
• men, wli 
■ 1 f<» manage. Wi 
'. mm) 

the initi nuine 

■■.-.! i the col( 

tad on I 

■ '•■. hroad-brii 
Hut: in 
Wellh .■' n more 

I 

i : 

• 

I 
.. ] | ■ 

■ 



I P8 PROM I ill. PRISON I \lil.K. 

battalion with two M -- issippi and i'"iir Alabama ooraparj 
which we <li«l. I was defeated for a ti«-l«l office, and 
i iiitn my old position of senior captain, after the 
election. I dropped into Burgeons 1 head-quartan--— the 
two chiefs «'t' this department being Messrs. Cobb and 
I m njamin, whose pleasant attentions to their friends mac if 
their mess the centre of attraction al the post. Colonel 
\\ alker, who was present, remarked t<> me: — 
" Captain, you are looking <lull t<> <la\ [" 
•• I hope your defeal hat • n you the hypo." 

•• < 'li. no, colonel, not at all." 

At thir- moment Lieutenant McCall, a Mull' old I . S. 
A. officer, addressed me. 

"Never mind, captain, a major is nothing but 
stick." 

Colonel Walker, interrupting, "Lei me introduce 
Major M inter, of the Fortieth." 

■ ;, I l>eg pardon, major," exclaims the waji 

McCall. "bill \ "ii must admit li«' is nothing but a d 

tile-closer." 

Mi nter being an amiable man accepted the apology. 
as ap]>cased consoled for my defeat, which is an ev< 
common to all men. 

After cliargiug around in the mud at Korl Pillow for 

three months, amused by drills and false alarms, stopping 

iats unnecessarily, \ ery much t" tlic annoyance and dis- 

t of the : only lx>at that attempted t>» run 

the batteries of the fort, was one with despatches from 

(Jen< ral I *• »1 U, and she wat 'al, as tl (ftcer at 

• gun rammeil . in before lii-* cartridge, greatly 

romfiture and tin I <'t' his brother 

officers. I've tried stopping boats, and tin<l it a \ 

Bven it' you load regular, having 
ted it with ( Commodore V\ t " Island 1 en. 

I had been proi ns time, 

» i !■• kill two birdn with ••. tlio commanding 

■ • 

in.- t" tak>- » ■ 1 1 : i : . .• \\ 

i mployod t" carry surplus 

immand 



s> i: M'S p» m ■; HE PRISON l M.l.i:. 59 

. ordered to New Madrid, Missouri, as well to c 
.«>t' the officers to Memphis. 
I- was ■ hying period, and the Hrsl time I 

if war were realized by devoted wives and iini<>- 
rent children, the latter, of whom there were Beveral, 
as if their little hearts wonld break. 

DEDICATED TO Ml LITTLE FRIEND WINNY FAMER, SON OF \. 

'■ \Mi v. DOl i.i - I - . \\ v. PA. 

There is nothing • humanizing, 

of tli«- innocent child npon the coarser nature of 
• to woman's love, it has n<> « ■< jiinl in the 
i in ] >;i\ i n^r the rough elements <»t' <>ur na- 
ture with the flowers of innocence. Who that dandles 
the little prattler upon his kneo, but feels that he imbibes 
that spirit U llsus we must '* become as a little chi Id" 
the Kingdom of Heaven," and has 
fc< lings of his hearl in\ <>!<«•. 1 to think of soothing 
■ . and t-> «|r\ ise art lee the <-hil<l 

. ae the 1 1 1 • ' I ederick ever did. 
•: u bo n ill amuse the little th " ch< r 

ethe 1'iii'v one," '* sing a song of six-pence," 
and " little J II ." • • n, it' n bad man, will feel 

illy the modifying influence of "baby talk" 
in his household. He who loves children may be unfor- 
tunate i"p and impulse, but 
in not be t t ery bad n (iod the little ones, 
and don't l>e rross to them, as for every word bo 8] 

will be many an after pang, should the little eyes 

to wink and blink, the little mouth to prs I i 

"f the little toddler of the household be 

in the bureau drawer, when the 

to the ' Sod who gave if. ^ es, 

the children. The author will never forgei 

nd can hardly forgn e 

! him, w hile 

\\ , ' ' ty, I delivered my pr 

ned in the < - ity for a few 



1 

I mediate Ij 
i '1 Tiptonville, found tl i by the 

1 
i New '■ 

■ 
A- historiai . ! 

it dne t! 

as ] ' . 

• bloody affairs, but 

■ 

, fori 

Madrid, wa ! thirty -1 

■ 

I - • 

■ • fortieth I Hen- 

f the 
. and the unfortunate killing <«t* tl i I 

one of on 

II ! ■ 

Dr. ' '■ 

- . ! . M 

Ml' \ 

. 

. i - '. 
i 



lPjj FJ M vr.i.i:. 61 

.ith l'.'j 
"in hi-- saddle," at the rear with the 
condition. < hir camps 
in tin- upper :' liately <>n the bank <'!' the 

deep through our 
. and they were u- 
were about ten steps from the 
our woun ; 

number i . fresh pork and 

which i 

supported bi 
most prom ing the 

: !>y that polish ( . I iptain 

■ : look-out «'ii this boat that 

columns of tin- enemy, 
r the purpose of storming our 
V) ; oh them, \\ itii a tire a » 

ud, as per their "ili<-i:tl 

I i" withdraw their 

1 by 0111 
could have driven 
..•, had tin . stormed us, rather 
■\ firing ; their 

I ' . I '■• .. . III"-! 

ian. II' 
M<( !o\i n. u hen a ><<\\i\ shot, 
tered the 
. 
and I 

1 
i 
. I tieth Tenn< 

I ... 

I] 

. 

rep »rt of our 

I 



LAPS 1 BOM I ill. I'llIftON l \ I 

( »n the nig hi of the 13th, as mentioned, it wan i 
Madrid. i chai j 

of the moat terrifii 

thunder, in tlieir sublimity, drowning the recollection <•! 

• ii of :u tnl. iv the daj previous, The lightuingfi 

od, darting into the river in perpendiculai 

with md, like komo angry »piril in the world 

of torment. I had quartered in) picket in the court- 

vandu • er attendant upon tho movement of large 

men, be thej either fri< i The 

da of the count) for lialf a century, titles and lic< 
with other valuable docunx ere lying on the floor, 

:i foot deep covered with mud, and trampled upon by the 
and those upon the Bhelvee scattered i 
i idlo i in 
■ ut midnight, a tail figui >uded in a large 

.: \ cloak, with a lantern beneath, Major Jim 
andur, ' il Walker's adjutant, ;i- true an <>ili. 

wore the Confederate uniform, notifying me to 
"bring in tho i facu&ting." [immedi- 

ately aroused my picket, and, after some troubli . 

illy-port with them, only losing four or Ave, who 
•d by the 1 day. On i 

. . I I mud tin bad all left, the 

1'onchartrain alone remaining; and had it not 
U ueral M .u ; . \\ alki r, I think it would h 

the pick< : to tin ir fate. Th( I I 
Lined "ii the , in the drenching 

the writer at the foot of the single plank 
Dinmuniratcd with the shore, uud where ho rem 
• lea\ e the sb 
1 i tain L S. Levy, iju I I Ala 

i .ii.. I M; ppi volunl 

much credit for faithful performance of dul 
in. 

• Tipton* ille, 
md I". • which the •■ 

I four mil< ud, on th h »re, 



LAPS » ROM I m PRISON I Mil I.. 

Madrid ; thence t • > the into 
i'<-r picket duty : thence up t.» the main land facing the 
inland, which they crossed to, ami picketed alterna 
with the other regiments on tin- main shore. 

'I In- island and main land batteries have been over- 
rated by writers. The following is a corrart statement 
of the location, and number of batterit 

eight-inch Columbiads, four thirty- 

ound smooth-bore, commanded by Captain K. \V. 

Itncker, "i Memphis, Tennessee, whose gallantry "ii tliie 

lod throughout tin- Confederacy, an ! 

pecial notice, in general orders from the com- 

1 

i rst Lieutenant John E. S ninders i- an edu- 
. and a lii a\ e officer, 
i tenant W. I>. Clarke, of Alabama, v. 

I [ • I* ■ « 1 1 1 i - i r nr kill) 'I at hi- 

ining duty, in company with Lieutenant 
Chnpman, during the terrific bombardment of tin- 17th 
in I . This batl supported by the I 

regiment, under the command of Colonel Stead- 
thorough officer, whi onded by 
.1. I . Whitfield, >>\' Montgomery, Alabama, formerly 
i with the pi'-- of that city, who, like all print- 
aii'l warm in hie attaclum 
and Iship tin- author i- proud of. 

\ . 2, four thirty-two |*>und rifle-guns, >■■ 
I • :; iei l . • Lii mi- 

ni in - tenant Thomas Jame 

r First Lieu) rtoc, Second Lieut 

Mi. i .illt'nllv managed and 

the officers and men behaving like veto 
it Kinnie deaen • ial mention, and p< i 

funned th<- duties of his othVe in a manner t 1 

.■>h<-'l him on any field. The lieutena I 

• ■ii th n - : ill that appertains 

to tl. inent of his city, as hi • rving 

i Messrs. St< . M unch, and Roe | 

tin • .illt'nl and • I 

/.' " \ . .'. • •• • . ty-two poun 1 rifle 



I l THE I' ILE. 

. W . I I 

I 

I* 
■ 

• Mc< 'J 

ore, although y« 

. 
i 

» their 

\ . 5, ■'.'• tliii tj-twp i 

- tlllllN-' 

. 

! tS.li.lJ 

\. I orr< r, Jo I I. euti m I W« \'>. 

. I ' .. \\ . \\> ( 

I . •• nt 1 % chip off t i ■ 

futlu i. Nlujor .1 im I 

; the 

I 

W. Y. C i 

I;. 
\'« . < . . i. I'.. 

■ • 



[SON TA1 

i p -lav did tin* nil- resound with 

they dis- 

' with 

II rei lained n1 I !-• 

"i< ]•• < l I. I -. M tin, a 

1 Pillow, and one of ?li< 

Their junior otKcenj dis- 

, ■, 

II / Ut ,•>/. three thirty-two pound 

1 tain P. W. 
. ri itenant I.. I . 

! ,] ihn J. !-•;:■ 

■ W . 1 1. Rupert. This batl 

: 

men the " Fourth 
into the field, Lieutenant Rupert 

] try I 

i Bnty- 

. tw<» thirty-two pound Bmooth-bore, 

landed ; I John A. bisher, Senior First 

.1. J. Moll utenant R. J. T'-lk, 

1 I.. I ■ :. Second 

• l 1 I >. Phillips, and Lieutenant Thomas 

i : of puns on the 

1 •• had :i ijood batten . 

. i ' and Phillips, 
! t«« !>•• '. mable in 

iv manni . ed with the !)"] 

M 

i.'lllv, 

i proper, 
ii total •■' land (that 

i 
and 1 ■ . thirty-ni 

_ht. and 
re brunt U tlie 

■ 

'• . I 



LPB | BOM I Hi l sIBI >n I LBLB. 

Thon J. ( , Set S I [lieutenant Plea 

!'. [toe, Juj or I -• I . i •• ■ ant James M 

J. Lett. I li«r<- arc few <'t!i-> 
rvice who etood higher than Captain and Lii 
I ktherB. 

( >ur chief of ordnance on the main ahore was Lieuten- 

idmarsh. 'i • sland 1", 

who I i Tidmarsli, witli his genial face, sallies 

of wit, jokes and and i "Tid, call him, 

is the only knight of the •• and buskin" within the 

. and if w< 

I <1 should 1: 

" it, the or dramatic, thai 

touch the bumpers, we will o\ I "Tidd 

' Tidmarsh is of Enj i »n, :i native of l\ i 

:ratic conn - a fund of inform il 

the re-iil' I over the t'>ur quarters <>f the globe, 

itinguished himself on the L 7th of March, il I 
1", in supplying the famous Rucker's battery with am- 
munition. Being constantly exposed during the hi 

of the day. The lieutenant :■ little incident 

that occurred during 1 pari "t" the tiring, 

must have been affecting. When one considers the men 
and I ' ■!::*■ I ntry \\ ith 

which Captain liucker was directing the fire of his guns, 
und< ■: • »rm of shell, when I noticed Captain 

■ 
!!•- and i " 

for mouths, and I thought the opportui 
two bra 

I lid : G< ntlemen, at such a time, 
and undei such circui 1 

tear drop glistened in the 
•• I I" d ■• -n'r inform ns, but the 
ckling t< 
14 milk of fa 
the wiiole-souled 
II in making 

the -i'-k in <>ur hospital. All I 
labor ol 



B4 i: IP8 PBOM 1 Ml. PH1&ON I AIM.i:. 

as-, writ tin by him, to please a child, 
;ii ii had experienced the 
of life for half a <•' :. - urj : 

" LTJ LU. 

i ,'i I.H, yi>iir p v 

me, I must Indite ■ lay. 
The subject of tnia short 

name, and r a . Ion. 

pretty La La, li 

I \ i>U almott all I kii'»w : 

my name stop, bere'a a blonder, 

■•i hum look ander 
■ written la tbii 

B. A. 

A ■ l ii \ ou'd know ii little more, 

p| 106 DM ID 111*' (Utill( IV COTM. 

: La La, doa i j on laagh, 
I - truly is my autograph ; 
The! rabi lip nay, do nol i«>nt it, 
I m rare Fre lold yoa nil aboal it. 
Uy inn qui) 
myself " d 
ol ibe anfortuaate men, 

•ii< l Ten. 

1 - t 1 ind 10, < lenera] Stewart came and 

i 1 < lown and Walker did the 

Mine. U ■ . dl came and took tu with hit 

Urigndiers Alexander J. Brown, of Ten- 
md ( lolonel < Jaunt, of 
The i of in v brigade were AJpheun 

rash officer, with personal 
rous dis[>oriition, bal an indiscreet command- 
er. I done! W. T. Avery. I allude to Aver} 
in an der him entitled to a notice in 
1 ilonel Avery was a member of ( » from the 
I . was :i pronii- 
: ..t the 1 1 ng made the leading 
;.'.rt of tlie Administration, in the spri] 
» itel Avei n, but makes up in 
•» in drill. There were no braver men 
in tl»f army t I Lis 1 lure to ad^ an 
• 

1 I . ! I 



i 

I 
ical and unpopular with lii- command. 
, of the Fortieth, ic .id <>1<1 \<-ti ran, li . 
M in war w ith much credit, 

li the divi- 

, of 1 

linariai or thoroiu/h tad 
tade a pretty fair 
W of the <■ * der: 

the 6th, 1 8G2, w< i 

for the purj 
enemy, er lialted at midi 
ncxl day, lay in the run 
. :i!i<l were Dotitied on the morning 

surrendered prie 
the t tud and water, \\< 
l aptain Johnson, an 
John Kirk a 

■ had 
•• ! their hattery. cape of import 

1 \\ i pan 3 ol 

urrendered • 

ery, coi 
mande I by that splendid ol 
1 

Lieuu drc. 

• ville 
iiu, hart 1 

thout 

I will 

1 
I 



\l> I ROM I hi: PRISON I \' 6 » 

■•i>ii\ ille to ( lolumbns, < >hio, while 

of the most humane men and 

tmtlcmen I ever met. We were placed on board 

Ncm M idrid ; thence to ( Jairo 

1 I -••. To Bum up, we were sacrificed not 

1 • I jl ill, l>nf by the government, for the pur- 

of holding in cheek the column <>t' General Pope, to 

is uniting with rlalleck; for had the gun-boats 

1 1 ten (ho .tin' morale of our army at Shiloh 

to Ci ueral 
ill, we assort j. . that he wan in no way 

\<- for the Bnrrender. 
\Vi Che floating b ittor) in our 

I - impromptu affair was commanded by 
< the United States N 

He had four [ 
H iuthem < ruards, and tl 
1 ipe Artillery, two small mo 
than <>t! grand t< 

•t' w hich were of light 

■ ■■]•< irt the capture of one hundred 

Wo sun ng twenty-eix 

hundi my rep thousand. They 

•. we hat) on< . 
re is any glory in Buch a 
;r.-. the bon Icome to if. 

refutation of t ; 

• tding the 
■ '•• impartial historian 
,| report "t" l I 

nent >>\ the writer 
■ 
. I". 



iii.i:. 



< ii v r r E El III 



rHEAUTHOl ' 

PHILOSOPHK OH QREKK -Mil' .1 KlU >A 

■ 

\ inker pars 

'•' IIKK \M> 11KK 
: BATHING 1 M 1 1.1 

- ■ 

NSW lOBK, AND OTH 

Wl l< » inn I ' .1 prisoner of ho] 
lillon " >-r of " I lam." I'ut of Join 
miles from Sandusky City, in the beautiful Da 
Sandusky, the placid child <>t' that angry mod 

and here I expect to remain, at least until 1 finish 
my Btory, •'- I am n< ■• a I .• andei . moral 

Byron, Sai lusky bay ia wider and fiei 

I [i esnont. I low came I here? ] 

. I ;». W'hv «li'l II 

know. It ni;i\ I ins "t" the Gather 

i iij-.ii tlu-ir children, even unto the third and ton rth 
mil this i^ my second <»r third, I 
r whirl). I • • ling informs me u I 

■I otli.-irds, y'clept 
-. the law, evidence and 

mi, hut tin 
:.* \\ •■ •. the futfl 
r <«t" the ; f the t 

:n the military com t, 



i. PRISON I \i 71 

In introducing im ell monionsly to my 

. I will <•ii.lr.-uci- in ;i Bhort chapter, t'> make my- 
•• rer t«> the literary tastes of <>ur 
: . ii, by drawing on n "\ for presenl pr< 

r tli:it my grandfather was a wonderful man, Imt 
it in inM-t'ShHrv in tin- chain, as j .r« •« »t* <>t' nr 
• !• ii a wise child that knows it- father," it is a much 
much •> that kn< . raifdfather. My grand- 

>n my mother*! side, was "in- of the !ar:_ r <--t ■ 
St. Doi iving emigrated to Cape I- rain-:-, his 

i Nantz, in France. Twas a lovely 
I of fruits and flowers, and balmy air, \vh<>-<- exhala- 

ing charms of hasheesh, 
the opium of I >'< fuincy, wh< debility \ 

irmingly relaxing, making tin- limbs 

•Utile, the physical Beducti\ e, all 

: electricity. Humanity flourished at St. 

I ■■ ■ • • me ran- exotic on the banks ofthe < ranges, 

:i, luxur ler and short-lived, such was the home 

For more evidences of the beaul 
boqnel of earthly delights, read the works of 

II in • M utii .• fanatical, bold and impassioned 

-«• in 
the body politic of I nial depei »f "Labette" 

1 . that eventual locial princip 

• : the virtue of the Island. Martial rights 

and 1 1 1 * - more congenial custom of 
on «'t" tl impatability. 

i. Till 1 I A ll'> 

with the many "t'w hom w 

• nt tli»-ir offspring in many insf 

ted, by v hich their crude ideas 
li: ted to a i the peculiar 

! oculation of i 

ill. ! sad results, a shar] cnii i 

thi ••<! t-' CUt in. : ial- 

md politically, re jrand- 

■.'! his re- 
•a ith whom he 



. with the 
I 

Thus enriching thai 

f \, ali'l - 

mammoth fortune, which while it- fruite 
•ption, ;m<l ntrnibl 
■ ' . . ■ e orpl 

ith shattered hoi 

My i : • in tin- ■ 

I familiarly known us the " 1 1 

the 1 ." from tin- ra<lii-:il / •. ■ 

. and w i >ul< 1 like the c 
uah their <li : 
(ill 

children ; i I i and 

. like 1 1.- 

1 I blesa ! ■ 
\\ th the < •■■•• ;■' 

it. i from : 
iluneL, 
of the death w 
i . nothing I rred worth relal • 

• tin- folio win j ih it) funi 

larkahlu evunte will owur 
\up<»] 
up ami rcntrolled hy 
n mv 
l'.niii! ■ . 

. 
A. I ». 

t it'u 1 I '• 

Mill, i 



Bt i: LP8 I ROM I Hi: PRISON lAHl.l'.. 

sepulchres <<( \»>\ iblems ihould be a cross 

repre tfie religious fanaticism in the North, and 

:in«l 1>1 Iv bonefl of abolition bate with 

such a banner and with noisome influence as destructive 
as the exlialatious of the Upa the desert, move 

of radical progression yel the old elms 
intact, moaning and writhing in response \>> the 
whirlwind "t passion, thai fanaticism has Bown in the 
land, and the heaii of the country i-> now reaping in blood 
:iii«l t« its. The i ' this chapter was buxom, 

and blithe, gentle, merry, and mild, a faultless figure, a 
• : gulden hair, pearly teeth, and cherry lips, a laugh 
the gurgle of some Limped, silvery crook, with a cin- 
dereli ind yon have the i«l"l of the school room, 

the pel of the household, and the brightest gem in the 
■ Kit Bparkled m the solid city. 
Wl that nature intended something Bhould 

■ ur girl, <>ut of tlie ordinary couj 
i qoI : I only know thai the 
ind is Left to the considerate 

the principle, that it" mind 
and n innected, action on the one superinduces 

n «.n tin- other : ami a- the body anticipates it - physi- 
cal ill-, in the aching bones or furred tongue, why not the 
• ill- by foreshadowings <>r dream-land 
the seen from the 
texture and in\ itee tin 1 searcl 
•i of hidden Love, that stimulated the Chal- 
nien ft" tin- East 1. 1 hope that occult 
.il scintillations would reveal a 
. in the clouded Bkics and un- 
f nature. All nature 
lurrounded by an atmosphere of tin- supernatural. 

• stent] tin- hand of 

i t.> proffer the embrace of Love, at others, 

our skirts around the wing >»t' some 

brushing by," and when catching 

from a baaalisk. [t ulgar 

0e\ h hi.- iiiij».- will app 

a a crowd >ne i;- 



74 A.P8 i BOM THE PRISON I I 

d, and his character ventilated, and the subject barely 
finished, when l>»! the owner of the cognomen appears. 
•* We w< re Bpeaking of you," Bays one, and .-ill chime in 
with corresponding remarks. The electrical influence of 
the positive, has struck a negative chord, and the \ ibration 
is fell throughout the circle. The negath e man approaches 
:iiul mingles in the circle, attracts no attention, is unob- 
served, and his departure leaves no void, thus illustrating 
the mysterious influence of the positive, :in<l negative influ- 
ence in man. So much for the philosophy, now for the 
story itself. It was customary, in the g I old days 

r fortune-tellers \>> wander round the outskirts of 
cities, erecl little wigwams, and dispense th<- knowledge, 
gleaned from their inventive faculties of perception, for 
pence and .-hilling. These Gipsies were lavish ofprom- 
■ kers after an insight into the misty future, :m< 1 
;ii:in\ a Miss has left the Sybil presence, with golden rays 
of imaginative light, shedding a halo around the future 
bride <>t' I Mike or Count, air castles, that toppled and fell 
from their airy height, erected by maiden's fancy medita- 
tion, at the fount of Gipsies] incantation. The mechani- 
cal part of the trade, of those peregrinators was repn • 

bottle, whose transparent proportion was Bupj 
to refleel tin- destinies <<\ those who Bought it- Delphic 
power. Into one of these bottles looked my heroine, ami 
what ili.l Bhe see? I .< t the ' fipsj till m : 

■ S i.nir, bo bouyant, and so beautiful. Would that 

t presaged us brighl a future! And, how pitiable, that 

th\ n>-\ r-! i:i. I< >\\ - should .-ink into tin- "lark clouds of thy 

: that innocent, thoughtless laugh, that brings 
dimples t<» tin- peach-like cheek, will hi- changed \-< .. 

- thai of tin- drooping willow : care will 
supplant thought! and an early grave will n 

tin- I •!'■--. .in, that will wilt ami wither, Iwforc the keen 
Shrinkesl thou 'I • ii all the 

eliildi N tture, tl . I havi 

enty winters ; have blistered mj 
lied ana burning s"il of the tropics; have 
in the world's metro- 
ght eiurerly for tin- 'crumbs that fell from 



\l-' FROM I HE PRISON l'\i:i i:. 

table ;' have been buffeted and spat upon, 
I have found that all nature is weak and 
wicked : that it Lb susceptible t<> the touch of Lmagina- 
wand ; that the k their home only in 

ind of the sufferer, whose di« research, and 

whose lamp of life is cabalistic knowledge, incomprehen- 
sible onlj to the (initiated, and my experience has taught 
me, to Biiun, as I would a pestilence, thai spiril whose 
son] and lii-.irt i- sed with worldly cares, Baying, 

ith > h : 1 1 1 I be clothed ;' who n< 

tella universe, and never realizes the fructi- 
fying influences of the solar system their sun rising in 
the midst of daili . ad it- meridian splendor alone 

n the * purple and fine-linen' of society, and whose 
amidst fi ad disappointed hopes. 

- ich is the life of those, whose opaqueness shuts out 

Jend to whom the secrets 

of k- iain unrevealed. I turn from them — 

of humanity and hope in the Btudy "t" Nature, 

i glimpse "t' that religion, thai emanates from 

< rod al( 

u But to : 1 i -trail- from a distant 

: curious costumes attract the 
orne upon tin- breeze; she reaches 
the W . unknown to the m 

deck : ■ red : the Superc 

lands, by a prince merchanl of tin- city. 

the tlrauin^ r -ro.>m ..f tin- mer- 
chants ; the Sup >n the right of his host ; 

itf-box : as he tak< - a pinch of 

!• by marriage of the iiht- 
I iced : the ( rreek 
months she marries the stranger; time devel- 

- a period of time, 
. dr< "•]'- I <ook into the 

mirrored in it. 
• r, and hi 
partial] I tothj inauisiti 

rvTuyvj m» NlchoUa ClcliUrri. of flmrniit, formerly Qfwk (Jonaol 



7''. Ml in: PRISON T\l;i.K. 

I . hteen months, from this occurrence, the flrsl G 
sliij'. the "Jerusalem," that arrived in America, anchored 
nt John Lewis'* wharf. Her Super •. Nicholas Cich- 
■rincrlv Greek Consul t«> Gibraltar, n gentleman <>t' 
superior mind, was feated and feasted by the hospitality 
of the city. Among the most distinguished <.t' his 
was John Lewis, who gave him a receptiou : and wi 
the acl of accepting a pinch of snuff from his guest, when 
:ill were startled by the fainting of the sister-in-law of the 
who had al that moment Btepped into tlie room. 
Si\ months after, she was Led t«» the altar, by the Greek. 
She lived :i few short Bummers, faded into death, leaving 
a disconsolate busband, and two sweel children. 

The above is true. It could not have been prophetic, 
but was simply an exhibition <>t' thai wonderful perceptive 
faculty, that draws heavily upon the marvelous, for its 
inspirations, yet is guided by the same mysteriou 
natural law. that, it' studied by a devotee, will in time 
enable turn, to give r -pint, interrogated language of hie 
own creation, to respond. S fy sympathetic will Ik> 

natural, mental allianct s. Ii you can \>«<k into a man's 
•hat he will do, why not look into the same 
mirror, and know, what he will bs 

Ho er,aa [Ve given the k f the only remark- 

able member of my family, on the matem t' my 

. 1 now shift rapidly to the paternal. M> grand- 
father was a Roman, and my grandmother a I 
The> moved to Marseilles, I i e, a city Bcttled by the 
Phocians, 2,600 yi M randfather w 

tiie five hundred Marseilli marched ti\<- liui 

and thirty-five miles on fo tod in the 

grand denouementt of 1 793. Somuch dj imbued 

with ■ • Down with tlie aristocrats," that the 

other Jacobin npcllcd \>> quarter the dark 

>uthcrn n the city wall, t<> 

th. in from raiding <-n tam< i were 

thev for blood. 



• 



LP8 I BOM l III. PRISON TABLE. i . 

' ding from such a stock one grandfather Inciting the 

Revolution of '93 in Prance, thai I I to the injury 

of the other grandfather, in St. I tomingo, who with 

the arraj of L fought for American liberty 

!i. In view «>t - the above facts, can you 

der, that your humble author s!i<>ul<l partake of that 

rebellioui blood, that sparkled in the war of '61. 1 «li<l 

not, when thii inherited spirit m- »\ <-'l me, feel that my 

deal >rded in golden letters, I eni, I "A, 

I and it' I did, I was sadly mistaken, as the follow 

rical, but ipplicable, has been 

: upon mo — G ( up. 

Solar, had glimmerings of me and mine, and 

I : will pardon the m «»t the chronicle. 

, thus 1 end the chapter, in which 1 have proved I am 

iv. that my grandfat re not "wonderful 

men." and, although not a Japhet, I knew my grand- 

;. tieyond Maryatt. 1 have introduced much 

of the wonderful, ha ed on German scholasticism, 

I h nothing but the truth, which must be accept- 

cranium, which is: that what i~. 
'■•lit how it is why, that's the question. 

imanding poet. Pier 
under the directions of Colonel Hoffman, general 
tendent "t' military | i lately released pa- 

rol) If, captured by < -. This 

. but it' deceived in the man, 

I I ••• tidier, and could not countenance 

inordinate, bo inconsistent with the 

d gentleman. Major I ' • rson is 

. I i i ral flouring mills, and, 

■ them iu the working up of 

highly recommends them. He is an 

: would ■ pint lobby-mem- 

! i adopted and exhibited 

in I, when the Rel>ellion 

ninety da) s, and arch-traitor 

tic placed u- in :i differ- 

i from n n transmognified 

into a millioi I hV rolutioni -• Bvenold F n appr< - 



> i ai'.i.i:. 

the change; but the mice remain, and their barbaric 

: tin- murder of one officer, and tin- 

mother. !'■ . is a harmless individual, 

. but is a dai man in the dark. 

I ptain l'«'ll<it is of sou inters, stern, taciturn, 

and with little of the milk of human kindness in his 

•n : take- ;i delight in irritating those, whom the 
fortunes of war have thrown under hi.- cliarge, 

rally. Il< ind <'ii the punctillious <»l mili- 

tary etiquette, a great stickler for profound I from 

■ in :i small w 
Captain Scovill is an officer that has tin- bearing and 
appearance of a soldier, and would a gentleman 

anywhere but in 1 loffman's battalion. A- he who " touch- 
eth pitch i- defiled," so is he socially damned, who affiliates 
with I loffman's battalion. 

i. • .truant Benson is a forbidding character, hut can't 
he held responsible for his personal appearance; with his 
red hair, and h-.w legs, he l<»'i mili- 

liahiliments. II- is a shoemaker by trade, and had 
much better have stuck t>> hi- la-*, lie has made hi 
obnoxious, to the entire pris tnuuity, by his l>o 

a\><\\, and lii- ruffian manners, and will catch many 
ligation, if the cha the field should tlirow him 

in the wa\ nt' some of our gallanl men, he ha 

ilted. With little brain, and ining 

patched up specimen of half shoemaker, and 
he will never do anyl>ody any harm, unless 
iould have ;i prii ;. w Inch, 

tempted. 1$ 
ten thousand inhabitants, which, up t<» this wi 
sent but one oompan) t.. tin if the 

the blackest Abolition hole in exist 
I. •. performs hi- duties 

faitlifully, I 

attentive 
tin- pris- 
I 

/ t" till Up. M:in\ of tin- 



\ i KOM I ill. PRISON IM.l I . . !• 

lilies with them. To • >ne of them, 
Dr. \\ imi Ihr arc indebted for many court* 

Alt- r the capture of * '•►1«<ii*-1 Battel, - (one of our im»st 
<li-ti: lh! fellow prisoners,) he was firsl taken I 

• I while on the boat, ascending the river, was 

. bunted by the curious ] who had never 

." md who were astonished :tt the liand- 

teran-like appearan f the gallant colonel. 

1 Mattel attempted t" avoid them, but find 

impo • treated to tlie pilot-house of the boat, where 

• tllowed by the eager crowd, among whom 

r of the Gospel, \\ln> instead <>t' preaching 

u Christ, and him crucified," was stimulating volunteers 

it t lni r Southern brethren. This wolf in sheep's 

• •loth the pilot house, and with that indeli- 

ry, that could only emanate from a bad 

i < !olonel Battel, it' he liad any obj< 

nd uniting witb him in prayer. "Of course 

The Bo-called saint offered up :i prayer, t'<»r the 

I for the destruction of all her enemies, 

and r particular. < >n concluding, the colonel 

• -1 liim, and asked it' In- and the rest would unite 

omething, I am confident, t lolonel 

»re in public. The response was in 

I at it the colonel went, pra} ing \\ ith a 

will, ' Soul rn Con fed id the desl ruction 

of all her i ^ ankees in general : and. rising 

■ claimed witb an air. a^ only those who 

1 Battel, a re do in ] in appn ■ 

other man, :i hundred dollars, 

i i The colonel 

not troubled by vulgar curiosity the 

i .'. ho read my 

'i\ ," many of them at 
. will pn 

.i ' ton's 

J 



MI Ml" PRISON TABLE. 

•'• II morable Alfred Ely, M. I 
k, that manj 
: nd who made :i great many 

ng the ovations, offered up to his royal high- 
lease from durance vile.* I le al 

in v <-t' them the most "listin- 
guished men '-t* the 8 .1 in fact they un- 

it was tli«- desire 1 
The other third <>t his l»<><»k 1 to a wholesale 

Southern offic el k is a humbug gener- 

ally, which is 1 sconnted t'"r, when we -tut.- that its 

authoi finally from the 

yet hi a ill out-sell my •• >ur people 

rwhelmed with the 
yellow i trash of tin- North, that it will take time to 

■ . Ely places great Btress on tl 

have none. I He itment by 

1 called by a 

. .'. h>>, with mm impudent air, <>r- 
• I ill in, boys, I'm in a hurry," and this t<« his 

. rank, p . thiiiL' th 

tut'- r, and gentleman. Ely, it i- trn< 

a dial cd civilian, and should have had the fourth 

sheet, a-, in my humble opinion, ho was three of them in 
tlii- v. • Bull Run, c.r he would not, with hi I 

ti<-iit shrewdness, been caught napping. To close np, it 
le, which U Bt huml 

. 

•nhrr old M 

1 mud, 

tilth, I conld give thi • w >ii try in 

but tl :. and hence the long- 

1 umbug. [I 

■ 

'■at it' any one i- 
I the 



\l- I BOM 1 Hi'. PBI80M TABLB. s l 

• r\ of priestcraft, I am that man. 1 remember ■ 

w ith the peculiarities of one of 

tin- .: I was in Marseille*, France, on a 

>ne could jump across, tall 

and frowning buildings of the same material arose on 

either ;t the fructifying rajs of the God 

• :it the window, of one of these building 

tiean, five th<>n-:in<l miles from home. It 

•:<1 tin- darkening shades of e\ « >nii 

had none of the Boftness of the twilight 

northern latitude. I felt dull, warm, and unwell, 

m I • mi., the twilight shadows, from my little 

, No. 1. A dull, ominous 

: broke upon the Btillness "t' the gloom, Beemingly 

mi unearthly chant, doleful, melancholy, vocal rumblings 

irrow street. I listened nerv- 

.t ..t* some pressure, as the mariner, 

ng I. urometer indicates the coming Btorm, 

to listen, I could hear the tram], of 

and a procession of 

dark cloud Bhadowing the street, turned 

rner, their long black skirts and 

and black masks, from 

•hern Frenchman, 

In front ot' the proc< 

. \. whose 

deeper tinge ot' melancholy 

ible-hued chanters, the hollow- 

■ • ■ . ■ im block mite. 

b their mossy locks with the rocking 

epulchral 

tlily. i ir, and I asked the oharac- 

• , - ■ . . now i.u a 

dying brother; whal think 

isked, what his religion 

. ■ i :uan, 

• But ■ to-day.) M \ prh ate 

i :i procession w 

either a knave, which 

in parson M i epted it' you will, i 



M mi. PBIBON I vhi. 1:. 

enthusiastic fanatic, ■ dang element 

- more to th Such m< 

the bead of churches, with th. f the family circle, 

• much mischief 'n in the former, 

and contaminating the latter. M ■■:■. from ij 
r than indisposition, i 

. but would be just the man t-> march down the 
street* of M ■ an Ann 

worth of hair, <in shape,) cat from 1, surmounted 

. :ni«l chanting some unearth . par- 

ticularly >uld be brought in, anatl 

1 1 erally. Moo ly would rob :i church, 

malt t' (which In- has done I 

again. am up. Moody is a 1 individual, 

- not allowed t.> sully these pages, and much 

crificed in introducing M • •> 1\ . 
ning, about 9 o'clock, a mera »fthe 

ter a buc I !•■ 

, and did not ki made 

four i i I i, and, of course, was bard usible 

t, that did not conform with the letter of the law 
of our prison rules, which forbade, under th. 
• .1 ihnson's i >ing out utter retn 

in scrap relating t.» the killing of Lieut* ( .» he 

deUberately took his bucket, walked to the w< 
forty or fifty Bteps from the building, and comm< 
pumping. It certainly did n< ipt t<» 

led a Bplendid opportunil 

me for di 
and burning with a desire t<i murd< 

I be liue of promotion. "Halt! ; 

. r j j .ii.-. bat ■ did Dot 

undei aid walked quietly 

weni the m • ill, by ■ 

• ;it without • Dately 

fur tin i l> , it was dark, iim of 

h t.. 
• were | I only 



M l III. PRISON I V l . I I . 

triumphant, drank his water, and tumbled into his bnnk. 

i i the day came in, and was 

■ •in in which the author of the alarm 

utering, inquired it' any one 

•• \ the 1 ►utchmai 
•• V you burl 

•• M' U tt! ii", I vants vater, and den 1 vants sleep, 
■ 
i narrow • ind the |>oor follow, who 

i (en trans- 
: to another prison, barely escaped, having his name 
>f the prisoners at Johi 

\\ d our 

ut, to clear tin - «>t' this 

ion. 

i mother comes one I her 

nli, who will !>«' exchanged in a few 

iportunity he may have 

ring a mother's blessing. The mother 

•,<1 in charge of n-. t>> see her 

Cut-tl 

•t' criminals have had the 

ling trial, <>r 

tion. In tlie Netherlands, criminals <-<'ii- 

ntinemenl for life, arc brought <>ut 

i platform, \\ here relatives 

it he tin' • fHc iven. 

1 , for the I nit' S ernment, 

I I Icrod in act 
■n. and returned 
i . lant boy 

nown only t«» flu- 
:-iii<T<l tl it- heart, 

ius turn hi> back upon 
■ defend. This is bnt 
r h iiu ( »t' cruelt 

fifty 

i, which it has in -<>mp 

who 



- I M Illi. PRISON I M'.l.l.. 

\ry to mention on thid 
. which, 1 .-nil confident, is from the • 
:i- not being indulged in, in 
.»t" ui. r "t" iodnlgei i luded t.' 

allow •• Turkish " 

tcpidariu alidariun . /am," 

•• .-|>r:iv douche," and "j 

pore an opportunity ot ex pi • 
t in am •;' health. •• < • mlii tin t<> 

•i our 
but not a 
<ir.'|. to the 

ifternooi . 

guarantee that we will not attempt toswiu 
boat and ; ound howil 

!■ do any ..f • , that 

\ hundred >'t' us, unarm* 
ind duck 
I 

1 
and noise inc bathing pi i>- 

\ ■ i the 

■ I. :ili«l :i 

all n. ud, and ■ 

. the hi! i 
■ 

blub it the 

i that 
n lhat 



I R M THE I'RIRON T \r.l E. 

'•Ah, I have yon, you <1 -I rebel," says one of the 

land, aa he barely n 

j>iim •■•in < >i" tin- lake the form of an officer, 

ittemptod ' in snch manner, u gel up 

ed for the blackhole, <\ ra yon." 

I don't think any more of the officers will i-i-k the 

military fishermen. This is the I 

; I 1 t 1 rice, but ;i thousand ]">r<> 

that mnch indulgence. 

"Thou shall I " Piereon, aye, ;i Pope, Leo, it" 

thee, for thy many indulgences, for the many 

»len from us, will enable thee to issue 

nergetic pontiff aforesaid. 

I • a former ■ . I reached from 1793 to 1812, in 

I mnection, thai I discovered, 

. <li'l n«>t dissatisfy me, because, as a 

! consciousness, that could I 

■ the proper connections, and had my time-table 

I, I would !i<>t have been in durance. Rut. 

t!ii- work, we have compiled a 

• ! iti<-:il history of the eountry, we deem 

1812 to the present, a matter 

:ill «1> • >u]>[ilir«l by the 

\ ■ ' . • ■ i prisoners, 1 \\ ill give :i tew 

. I 
the "bubble r u," in the whirlpool of politics, I n 

the 1 hod men, who have till«-<l the 

of the nation, < leneral Jackson 

of the most prominent. II Jtar appeared in 

: and canonized, ran his course, 

tieh for th«' future to \\:ir over, and work out 

1 ri neral on ( Square, in the 

ling corporation, with 

ilu- i II leral 1 Inion must and >}\-.i\\ 

'I! re, M irch the 1st, I - 

. unanimously, save five, of the 

ready to 

hall not -C-..1-." 

hi- I'M-' 



LAPS i ROM l Hi: PRI80N I U 

of Ins mind, over matt in tho theory of 

animal, il kin'_"; the 

elements, that all our physical draught* ide upon, 

and into which u. ufHed off 

this mortal coil." the ncmc of I 

three powerful foro ■ II > ing attempted . that 

the mind 1 ave a chain of sympathy, unil 

I will DOW ask, it' tip ■ 

controlling tho material univerw What is the impulse, 
! hat gives a I" iiiL r an irr< 

tome precipice, that eurio&ity has im it<-<! him to its brink, 
and makes bim shudder, whil< the dizzy 

depth, that seem to attract him, to take the fearful l< 
This is the power of one f< lor the weak- 

of its miniature count it- Beshly tal>ernacle. 

mighty leviathan, of the deep, or some huge 
. upon tin- land, and you arc startled, by an ani- 
pth, that i plainly your "\s n pi 

-in. < Jo into th<- regal 

bowl, through the branches < «t* 1 1 1 « • • o out, 

upon the might) o randcur of all you 

nd t . • 1 your utUT insignificai 

I • rely, that an excursion of pl< in which 

health) lilroari or steamer, 

I the hydrogen in ms exiiber- 

llt, too trcji. 
\ publ killed, 

• ■r injured, dm . Intu- 

itu ' t i |„. 

\\ ill draw it involuntarily . I lo, w I 

lutch it 

•hit ion 

more 

akin • Men love I it tie-Held, 

■ 

t r<>llr<l h\ -wc|i ' • M t<l 

le intlii- roth, r in 

. • liat now >wn- 



v ! ROM I HI" PRIftOl I'Mtl.i:. 87 

ing in Court Squara, possibly proving, that forces of mind 
n\u\ ■ i the past, present, and foture, are indis- 

soluhh connected. I nimal, vegetable, and min- 

itiiI. are tin- same in origin, chaotic in the germ, int<-lli- 

eptible «»t' nothing but change, 
. undisturbed, their elementary character, teach- 
ing u . uperiora alone in the minute, but insufficient 
th either element, in their separate Btrength, «»r 
bination. Referring to Jackson, reminds 
that came under our observation, show- 
men are regarded in Europe, and what 
uion crowned heads have of the Legal profession, 
ting Brussels, the capita] of 
e,) it was hi- pleasure, t" \ i.-it 
K I i"'l«l, whom lie considered the wisest sovereign 
I nate of this king's character, in 
■>• judged by bis marital alliances, hi- tir-t 
i >uis Phillippe, and bie 
"ml, tin- r Charlotte, aunt >>\ Queen Victoria. 
Qpliments, paid him, the kin 
i'd, t<> the \\ i 
••I i reading th'- lit<- >»t' < General Jack- 
■ I tiii'l. that he a as a man <>t' much 

•• ^ > -." r. pi U eral b'air, the American minister, 

of the first lawyers, in the State." 
•• \ " i \ « 1 .- 1 i 1 1 1 1 • 1 1 the kitiir. with <-\ ident Burprise. 

"Yes, Li i . •• but one, who carries his 

ime hat." 

B< Urium, is that of r scribe, 
• >r clerk. I! ah an error of opinion, in 

• n , \\ . .i . •• on. 

i politics into tb . I will 

g tin- 
nubji 

the 9th Bell and Ei con- 

: the morning "t the day 

of tllO li"Miii ' lie writ. •.■ t«. 

ement of the 
1 . iterer, 



M Nil'. PRISON I \' 

in company with the following ili-t imr 
with whom I had a jul< John J. I 

o! Kentucky : II U 
■ 
Sfork; who was at that time, a part of tin 
ire, that t to Ball ertain 

purposes that we fori 

marked, "Mr. I 
om mated." 
"No (J .1 : i t 1 1 laid on th< . .1 !»*■ 

■ 
conld not 

••Well, what is your opinion, Mr. Crittenden, ol 
lit." 

"Yon ai is, G . bul we li i\ o confidi 

in your ii tell no ta I I'll gn <• \ on 

little :nl\ io . ^i on ar<- all n than I am, 

i at tknee I think I'm a "four 
old," bat let iiu- tell yon it i- pn the 1 i 

candidate, i; • will w . 

t men umong them, (i . ' I 

fat little • Jfet, il 
llep ibli( me maj elect their • 

your pr will !"• .-till brighter, i<>r the 

for honest men w ill be i r in that 

in who had 

i k- «!i ai 

Mr. ' 

1 1- . i ..m. • r by tin 

li party. 1 1 

but the ' oil heart 

the pro 

ight up' 1 in The 

1 .i . »*h "Ut.'* 

ii, for the piirj" 



■ 
id II' iston, •■; in i NV 

tins Like h 

I .. w. ( G 

have 
■1. We 'li<l not swallow the tub 

»t" the 

1 ' I .. I ' ' 'i 

respond, thai 

. one 
■ Kontuckian, 

I 
. ■ 

. would ' 

I •' »« I v : 

- 

t, In- fell i\y planks 

eral. 

ind |>erc 

i 

ill WOUnd, might presage pul 

" true 
tor to f< 
. history, 
where 

to the plow/' 

1 
7 



M I in: P] 1. 1.. 

•• W J "ii lia.< 1 !>•••• 

vtrondn'l 

i •' tin- lamp of exjx 
and if I am do better by its t 

and retire for the ter the 

by :i ananim >f my f« 

I ni:i'. 

intry, wh 



I r- i rov i:. '.'1 



c II \ PT E R I V 



AM) HER 
DISSIMILARITY 
IKRAL 
rROPHT. 

• !• CL1 K.— 

• ■ [N PRISON. : UR CROWD 

I R PDYSK M. •; IlKl:" 

91IILOQ PR1 

SINCE • j imprisonment, 1 hare reflected apon the 
• brought in" bere, :m<l 1 

r thing else ; , class, 

m i- not nn American, the 

3 mth, and West, one 

cause 

)und in i of arms. A man may be 

. and yet not !>•• inspired with the spirit 

«»f th< I urk, 

1 

• 
irbed, and the volatile Frenchman, 
(t< q, or I I • 

xl-instim !»>rn 

in tin Norl til tln> 

! the dei 

I i 
I •. i 



FROM i in: PRISON i \r.u:. 

on the Holland, the Dul 

the J : here, in a small territory . b the 

- 

, it is I 

inality, tl 
■.■a tli ipation. Florida has 

"t" her Cal Lord H re has 

• Mt, in tin- Ami I ' itholic popul 

the South, Baltimore, The other 

that land< I ' ■ ith Rock, to murd 

men, who 
in the I l docu- 

H bul 

ofthe • tical < 

this day, her 
of tl. tli century, while th< 

■ 
i water. The liabil 

'. \\ . he, who has 

. "ii the frontii . 
the broad and romantic prairie, und, who 
manly t tn the 

•ii of the mighty Mississippi, n the 

len nut: liirlit. 

inthcrn, and YVesi 
of tl. 

•■> harmoni '••. Itaili 
■ 
d, : l r i • i in. nit. tl r 

-. 
tin- l>n 
M 

lu'iple 
• ii the 
I fimpehiro, and I 

■ 



! 1 HE PRISON i M 

■ itli tin'- inec- 

and 

I mncb at a Ioe 

• • Englishman al Bordeaux. Then the 

e left to w-. ia to trust to the resolution 

. \\ hi'-h will • :', by natural lav. 

•• I » ani< ' " said, "It is a qui Boil and 

climat : find its 

-it, lmt if choked up in its 

condition, will run madly over its banks, 

. and destruction in it- wake. Fanaticism, 

iwing, thai he and lij.- neighbor ar parate 

. would drag him t>) his political bo 

tathing and i 
lucational lineament A dispositii 
the truth of this "theory," brought me to John 

policy, that would amalgamate 

. has, by it- madness and tolly, de- 

1 am likely to remain, at 

• 1 will in ' if a turnip, and if 

. t is not proof positive, that he 

taugnrat 

<>f t. ■ < ■ faraone 

i require mean . and an 

of from fifty to a hundred guineas, before 

• • of the '• wit-" and bi aux, of 

clubs have not 

<>nl\ ihant for roast I" 

the wherewith also, t-> 
and I ••jni" lord <>r lady has to 

the turn • 
. with the Mugginses, 

rid fabulous winnii 
• potentate," and the 
I I, realm, large 

. (in his dri I their 

China, anot 

■ 



U ill): PKI» >N TAJ 

ill!' II. 

: t.. ;ill 

ofth< 

• • i Thompson, I 

ind finished schola 
Thompson, ; w ith the 

■ 

.1 in which, he ooncludi 

I happj f the 

country, t.. l -1 and 

. - . 

11 of •• I Qi erful, 

. 
I 

ak M -\ formerly treasurer of the 

club, but unfortu f the 

i. it bcin JJohn 

of his i ub, that 

■ 

." in 
which \ k a cent, "ii four 

■ v. iuj .i n . that wou 

the club, the honors 
!. and I Spain 

« • x J < u i - _- • I. The J . with the 

rei i on, \ ou 

J - it in.. i . . ' Ben insinuated, that 

i . \\ ith the fundu of the build 

. appro 

ruin the 

. i j * • > i i the 

• 
,1 • , and 

which h 

. i put int.. j. 

under tin' intln- 
j u j. the 



IAPI i BOM I in PRISON TABLE. 

. ]>.iir of hall >rable 

■ e led : •• I fn here t<> night, (another 

■: ubiquit 
• my pri 
who une- 

- • • I : • . 

ntleman continued, and held the 

.:. | >ne member by the tail of hia 

:. the whole with 

1 ronian peroration, his 

fell into the arm — of his chair, upon 

it form, in f exhaustion, The 

swimmingly, that is, mo 

; Jonn Spain, lieutenant 

( !ompan) A.. I 'irel A . . ! i uippi 

Madrid, where he 
. rale, that if New Madrid 
.Spain wonld not remain in 

ited the 
. the 1 3th of Mi: quite 

the ••••lull," with the exception of a little 
prang np between a few members 

.:. >'t' Ills 
tl Prenti bulition "t" pride, 

him obnoxious t*> the clnb, 
finding <»nt, that ■ wonld 

I'renl the Gonfl 

. had been deemed objectionable by the "blue 
'•hi!> met, an<l the offending member, who 
i the in I . eutenant Spain, in his 

thus quitting the 
1 the 1 I. in the 

1 II. ten his 

Madrid, and in the 
a manful tight, 1 • 
• a <<\' all hi* personal 

' l lib," in f 

1 from hi-> 



I 

. ■ 
, Captain Hurt 

. 
of the 

. I ' 
i • 

1 1 
. 

1 
I 
the <• 

i up hU 

• . ■• ■ 

. 
■ the club, "from 
Tin- pillnnl H ' . : u i • 1 Ik 

• ■ 

: much, I 

I think, the t one. ll 

■ 

be 1 

I ». I » ! ' 



■ ■' 
pit . 

' I 

■ 

. a lio were interci [>t< d, 
in their 

i 
- island, \\ hose d< 
\ I Mltr! . St. L 

■ 

■ 
I'll** M 

, with a 
M - 
I ed, in the 

vjuth, who, with hi- foll< 

.. I i tcli." 

\\ |\ I Sixth K 

1 21st, 1861. I 

. 



'! THE PI 

J. P. ( lolwell, . . '. I 

I i . tared, J '.••■• 

I >. H. Mclntyre, 1 i I R ^iment, 
i iptured at Kulton, Nfissouri, 
.1 i, G. Provine, 
•. i • rod same time. C : . \. k . 

Company ( 3 U t, S cth Division, Si. S. ' >.. 

captured at Milford, Johnson county . M D mber 

l'.'th. 1861. James I'. Wilhite, captured at same j 
• V ■ ■ . I '.. •' tison, Adjutant J. J< 

I » . c ptured at Kulton, 1 ' 

1861, I.', ntenai I P. I . Willard, Lieutei ntK 

I I M. S. < hired at Kirks\ ille, M 

< Inptain II. M. Sail b of the 

• lemen, from ! State, captured 

:■.• \ M . 1 1 3d, 1861, I 
,11 

The following li ' 

•• i — . 

"I ad me, 

hern land ; 
I, tn remain !i lime, 

•• I write : where ihi 

In the 1 in 
ro beg a kind 

ulna. 

All natural i ded with 

. hut the most ten ith - 

ulsion t ; irtli t<» its centre, 

that all must pay, the 

the future, thai to all is dark 

i . 



8< l: LP8 FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 

• i tided in the quid chamber, 
surrounded by the io\ j of tlio family altar, (and 

irit taken its flight 
in the prison, <>r In harness upon 
Id, tin- last gasp is tin- end. Although tlie 
a home is paramount in tin 1 human I 
terrible disturbance in that society, "t" which 

• »e a meml ise has placed it.- iron 
im, and the icy chill of death is rapidly 

it frame, the wail of the orphan 
t» -'t' the w idow's heart, 
at the altar <>f the K • Terrors, to 

■Tatli, but he is unrelenting, and th< 

the _■' "Mi of the household, the horrid 

of the funeral cort the blank despair 

imc, the roll of \\ heels is harsh, the 

ightless is discordant, and the 

• • t]« 1 for that day Btands Btill, an<l li;' 

.a horrible shock, although 

I) pale hone on the battle-field. Here 

shriek of .-hell, the tierce 
of men drnnk with hi 1, 

pint wine- it- v. ay r.> 

in tin- hands ofjustice, and not 

!. ami whose balances would 

The most Bolcnin »>t" all 

■ within the j.ri-<»n wall-, far from Ikn 

]'e.l in twain, hop 

. home and it- happy 
■ '1 from li\ ing memory, the absent 

•lie mother's nursery rhymes, (for 
body, the bouI "t* the child ami 
■ il reenn 
•' childho ■■'■■ > 1 

* !•, the running brook .-■ 

ring in merry , 
•he thousand picturt 

': 

round the death bed. 



.... . 

I 

1 ! ' .1 Murray 

■ 

■ 

: 

M 'a inhnma 

I 

I for much, 

1 .11'. 

■ 
I I 



E PRISON I Mtl.i:. 101 

I 

i I i vidua), with i 

liiiiu," 

liim, made 1 

■ 

of 
lie 

implicit j ds. 

I i 

aud had tl 
• I 
ippi plantation, 

• ■ '- 1 h inn h 

• D . . who d 

] 

i 

itthcrn : 

■ ■ 

Q him in 

■ 

. 

tho 

I • 



IPS FROM 

y, I had 

. behind 
ntlcman, n the 

.•M «l:r. J of 1837, ! ; .• the 

1 t el, and the F n lull 

Cii 
. \\ i the 

_- il " of .-ill dinner parties. Th 

. li;.- 

! I • fleet i 

. tin- shape of a huge clod of clay, t 1 
•nihh vigor, by Lieutenant McWhorti . 
I ( -l.-W'h. ii-ti ir, who ie one of tlie m 

nd liuils hie projectiles 1 
of the ancients, (not m gin Bling,) and i 
with the power of Archimedes. M 
ii gallant ian, and the h*fe of the upp 

I irg, in Block 1 . 1 1> is the most t »f tho 

. taining his ground 
in which ho has particip ited. M W " 
it in 1 1 1 • - Forty-Is Teni 

. . 

' • . • • • ighborh 1. b 

■ ■ :' an oftii t, ( 

.i , of the S nd K I J 

■ 
: nil circui ' '! tlxj 

. 
I nt to i a fi 

1 mand ; who, w i: 

< I • . • ■ the ] ' I 

I . lie to N< 
• 
■ ■ . 

iii'l. 

lume. L 



\l- FROM l 111. PRlfi IN TABLE. 

■ t&hville, who has this moment entere< 

• '1 the odor 11. caused by 

me form t<» tlie enemy's batt< 

_- the non-chalenee ..t :i veteran. Nichol bIiows 

. blood, rather impulsive, but it is possible, that 

with nerve, may overcome cooler and calmer heads. 

• \ - « - 1 1 « » 1 bIk a requisil 

nt. 
int James 1. Cirkman, is < ► t* tli.it celebi 
\ el] known i:i the history <-t' I 

and Polka. I [e beloi 
Lieutenant Kirkman ison theneld, 
of the aot much in dai 

r th>- progress of the 
i mueb I iptain McWhorter, I . 

kin Henry Pointer, Third 
in con with a 

. remindii of Broad m a 

< treot, than the boulevard Beaaregard. 

i •!, not n in the rude Bports of t he 

1 to their h:i\ ing fallen into 

it', a perio 1 of life, when the failure 

irtue : I attribute 

nt home. 

1 our two gallant 

nG. R. G. J lery, 

W. .] : I 

1 

- his pros] 

for j •• up arms for his adopted 

ij 
of the beat musician 
In i 

nded "t' I what en :' cir- 

I Jones, 
■ 

t, but ke< 

I ' »lk, of 



I 

Captain j| 

■ 

- 

■ 

calmly feels thai 
• i i- neutral. 1.'. M. So ithnll, 

■ 

• t in '• 

I Ellin, of tl 

\11 otl 

■ 

■ 
■ • i 

i Hinlnit*] 11, with which he 

' I ' 



B4 i. ■ l vm.i:. 105 

nidi upon ti uposed pari of bis person, 

i lamation, faugh ! idor from the shell 

t linw ittj inil . u m 1 him. He »usly, bul 

Ay, wounded, a few momenta servi] 

him, and the attack was He 

me horrible missiles, this time, 

hot, from Lieutenant Andrews, -truck 

iin Ellis' fortifications, rendering him 

. t'.ir the time being, an armistice was 

ided t'> be ;i drawn one, and the 

ly adjusted, the wounded taken from the 

ill of 

wliit :. the air was now redolent, 

i from the exploded shells, satisfying the 

L'd, that the i not onlj 

.... •• had eggs." I have met these 

• 1:1! companionable gentlemen often since, and 

ce the engagement, they 

This combal 

, June I . as the Federals have, was 

llan, and the l>all that hit, and 

brother of Jackson. 

• 1 within the pre- 
. 
■ 

A pr -•••. ■ ol like that of an army or ship's 

a members, l>ut contains from sixty t" 

-»nc hundred. They sleep in two large rooms, in bunks, 

. bul in our prison tun were forced 

; iu r li, the uppermost barely 

int t.» turn over without bruahing 

...in, one Bide of which ii ar- 

. . which renders eating at I 

In <>ur 

n bare plank tables, each adorned with 

i! number of tin-cups, two-pronged 

I an iron spoon, a chunk of bread 

of your fist, to each plate, which allowance 

meaL In thi f the table is 

and a half pounds 

B 



I 

lally. 

I \\ 

i i up 

- 

S 

■ 

N 

■ 



.s : 

I 

Puni 

I 

>ming 

■ 

: . 
■ 

- 



LAPS 1 ROM ilftON l \ 

i will fol- 
:■ fttll. II' - T . - • i • - 1- 

his mark 

:it tin ! 

luh. I le is from St. I . . -. M 

tilled with the spirit of adventu plinarian, 

an (■:': >ldier, and, Like all of < Jeltic 

■■ 

- hi- <>u ;. • 

• I 'i 

the Unii 
7th, 1843, left tl St. Louis, 

I 1th, 1861, i r h . _ r w li | :•• d, on tin* 
" Old J *t mill. ; 

Union man of thai 

conduct of the 1 >ut «•!», who ma* n the 

camp J affair. I could add several minor fights, t" 

which I wa 1. in our 

■ v, but <1" not think '" 
any, except ; ; 

field, Belmont, and Shiloh. At the battle, last men! 
" killed comp jrnothin end bad hurts, 

I ir from the form* w hat they 

put on the muster-rolls, opposite my name. I was bro 

• \ » t « > t '• 
without ral others, des . 

6 u h>l<' : 

t.i tin ion *hri( 

I emb as it h:i* 

tnder th< t R ol them 

ill." the gallant Si I when found 

Shiloh, it that rank of <Mir 

I t'mv cap! • . W 1 i«-rt 

. 1 trust, 
thai I ink him, 

jiiil t.. faithful 

• v\ inj» v. 
the F< 

M\ 



m i iir PRISON r \iu i:. 109 

:ill :it tin- thought <-t* nil i I may this happy 

>u come to :ill <>t u- pris< >i 

< Mir qoiel man, 1 >r. Warivn,' i- ..m- <if tin- i ■ i • • — t affable 

gantlemcn of our II - tin- great pacificator, if 

usuallj t: . and "ii'' of the most placid of our 

motley group, and from his application \<< study and 

Bcdeiitan hah •!. his urbanity of manner, 

titled him t<» tin- reepect of the entire mesa. II- i- 

Kenl ;y, and like all hi . think.- there 

> place like the "dark and 1>1 ly ground." The 

r volunteered fron M aippi, and as he is naturally 
I i>t' his ■ [ually as much bo «'t hi^ 

much for Southern rights, 

I V Bolen represents the cavalry in our 

•i belongs \-< the Kentucky cavalry, 

and was amoi dashing horsemen, whose Babree are 

the t >hi<> ;in<l Tennessee, and who, 

imand of Morgan and King, are making 

the h<»nle- «»t' the enemy, who 

from Louisvilli oth. Bolen is an off-handed, plain- 

and character, satirical, and 

lier, : lt i« 1 those who know hiin 
. will adi ind excue 

I .1 M ore, of thi Tw< qI j - tt] M ssissippi 

I n looking 

v M.I iMi iinjire— e.| with the fact, how poorly we 

■ ■ . V. I ccept, 

i confuse the 
simpl ntroducl • with 

onlj upon :i culth ation of your 
■ I of time to appn 
• ■t impn 

culties, ii: 
\ our 

• hear 

'. ..in idea ain r idea, and thus, 



I ii> m. 

fore I '" _ r . I'Mt H 

imply that the figure in th<- sand by th<- 

:i handful 
lasting, I';. - i accept rather the simile of the i»li 
which shows, that while t ; ineous, 

•owcrful combinations 

they impart t.> the subject 
Lieatenant Moore would 

calm, ;m<l apparently unimpassioned, he is a \ esuvi 
il •. only awaiting ;i rent, that will allow the 

■mouldering fires, \>> burst forth in r< uy, with 

inspiration to have made him :i crusader, who would have 
followed Richard, or Godfrey the walk 

i rusalem, :ni<l yet but few men have more of the milk 
of human kindness in them, thon Lientenonl M 

The Boulevards D i mi and 

Capucan, .- 1 r» • among the principal loungi rough 

of thai gay capital. London has her 1 'all Mull and 
i New < Mli . < anal. Si R 

:m-l St. Charles, New i'ork it- Broad 
the denizens of this < lonfederate capital have our j »r< >t i n it 
ade and n ' ( nr principal \v:ilk \ by the 

figures of a thousand officers, who can b pares 

1 1 ird <<r I ><• ( Jourcy. The ]>rii 
m- of the bloods ifl in front of th< which 

from the construction of the buildings, affords shade to 
the lovers of debate I ; i of the tlurtoon building 

-I pile, and here, \\ ith knives in hand, the air oracles 
ofth< will with Delphic mysti while 

whittling tlie signification of the I other 

countries, littl< sre placed before y«»u with 

and ■ ■ bul with u-. iti.>n must be the pro 

■ il of the brain, ami no1 of the I « I r« »| . 

• It, in 

Mild Iwj 

re bitterly <-riti>- men are, (if the truth 

bo told,) !■!'•!•<• lt : i r r u l < » 1 1 - than women. I 
•i w ith 1 I ami luxuriant M I'd 

cut that hair on,'' wiys one, "perl d, he 

iff until I 










• i& 



mr 



I ■ 





Mi ni 



M M 




■ 






;£& ■■'* 



f.vk 




•i mi. PRISON i v. 111 

call hiii;. 
k ii;iir, and Mich bail j 

thai 

:i"t mi i. I ,'i wean 

: to be a 

would jump out "t" hi 
pounder, in other 

rt-haired one, wall 

rne 1114-11 in our pen will wash out "t" :i tin- 
. t'"r lit'i< . thai i- :i 

tin- 1 1 1:111 for tin- du1 

raiment. I know 
who hai putation <>t' being 

:h ample funds at their command, who 
will ! ide, and eat 

. could 
their 

•• W - I ...-v. oanl I .. < >. I- indley, <>t' I 

time he seea me. M 

: : ' 1 1 \ wai 

.1. \\ . K Mill Springs, 

v me 
1 1 

which 
1 

Us in hi- that's 

■ 

\rkiii6 
_- tin- «lt! 
i i 

1 ■rtv-ninth 



Ill' LPS ] BOM "I III. PRISON l \i 

( !a| tain S. Q. Carey 

. to all ap tpple, 

but Carey, compani- 

on. 1 1> peculiarity i- bad health. 

I . ttei nit T. Johnson, i I v - ty-ninth '. 

''■ . ngly puffed up, and consequen- 

but John 'I well at D I ! - 

liaritj \ for a 

■ t know him well, and ■ mi ^'li.-h 

• I . glish) fell 
Lieutenant-colonel b'inney i* u man. who mu6t hav< 
out-fit, t" feel right. Put the colonel in old el 

11 \«- miserable : yet, with hi* vanity, 
and polisli, and want- ml thin. .-• baa 

; -t < >n h •< 1 to th< 

Captain Joiner is a retiring, and one of the most in 
gentl< in- n in prison, is generally in dishabille, and to l">>k 
at him, it i- difficult to that Joiner, ii 

nd Joiner in I »m, the pattern <•!' 

<• and t ; but that's 

.liaritv. 
* I iii ■ • W. R. ( !ul\ ertson, I 

i' K Si inkemitx, captain heavy batter}*. 

ire knights of th< , and t.> utring 

and Bti tolling, you would not think, thai 
'■••iir.i_'<- could inent. 

mv in the 
• ■ • . 

what 

■ hap, w ! jor of liif* 

• n-li<l 
ti<-l<I ofl , 1*1] I, i 

r i • « t boi 

are ti"' : 

• i 



M i Hi: PRIS- (M TABLE. 1 1.". 

il«l no! 1m- four friends in it. Y legree 

much Hi" it said thoughtlessly, not intending 
it Bhonld unfortunately conic to the ea 
the i timed at, possibly a false Bense of shame 

• truth, for fear <>t" public opinion, the mosl re- 
lentless ot' all -..chil tyrannies, would incite the offender, 

. 'I the result in many 

oases, the loss of friendship, and thi fhate, 

;hin;_ r l>ut blood will atone for the 

l tongue i- an unruly member, ami 

it' it offends thee, thou haast better cut it out. Twilight 

lows with her, and the wood-piles 

r rand, hunting up tin' si\ 

with which the entire prison i- furnished, t" cut our 

. and at niL r ht they are taken OUt, for 

them, also our superintendent ha 
The departure of the sergeants from 

ted. 

M. i !•!> \mi. ro LIEUTENANT COLONEL W. T. LVEBY.) 

Mli].- HtxHlt it ; 

ul it. 

Johnson's island, what Die 

totlu Roman epicures 

i foroigi i 

individaal in our pen that has complained 

• hash" furnished ■ The result 

alcd t<> tin- u d of some our 

ho met in couclave, ami 

question. 

Baker, 

i ( "lark. Maj..r I md * !aptain I 'a 

1 • han- 

dling th. irked 

• n the hall- ot' legislation, and 
on the tented field, he had ceased to 
or manipulated tangible 
i him had played out. now he ha. I 

.mi up, lie 



114 M l HE PRISON TABLB. 

mornii of the 

i.' it' the commit! i with 
:." A i ■ -nrniK • 

committee retired t<» the hall, making port in 

ith the • .1 1 ill its 

found 
h more anxious • •. than the mess in 

na they nervously mnounce 
i" their all ready watering mouths and • 
thai I ion of "hash " had t 

drum 1 iin<lr»l t! now 

return t" tin- chairman, he whoa if tin 

romp •! the 

uiiii'i- 1 1 !- ['rifle had I with 

the i m that hash was nol i for 

m i •-. II- :< • lings naturally buoyant, ••■ 

at the ill-timed reflection of ti • • time 

J island. What it' < dissolve 

- uj>on broad, II 

but would be • it' it 

could make "hash." In Brussels the) have an imil 

. " I'lillrt," but it 
earth tfhere you can get this . 1 litit r 

. but in the quiet ret 
:. hlnou ing this, ih<' chs \->ul<l 

oue that would settle : 
lor pi 

• of reputed tenacity, \«'t ii 
of purpose ami .-tick like . ith t<> 

:• "quill ■ •Mill porcup 1' 

their pro] than 

I irfao 

:ni<l it i- only I) 
r« - 1 1 1 • • v iii _r the blipjM'.ry element is aocom 

i!i«l wnlru.4 : |>etroleuni 
>t tin' 

nuii il tVom bash. i 

; 



M I III PRISON TA1 1 15 

with feat i bj I [ernandei 
tonished the world : bat had th< \ 
ul At ion of prison liash platen, they would have 
II , when ho attempted the cleaning 

»le, had not half the difficult 
our chairman. It' like Xerxes, lathing would 
■■I. he would have rented his wrath <>n 
r with his dish-rag, that now loomed up with it.- 
St yx appeared tot !huron, when 
t Ferr} man : and the Bhirl of V 

•!•■ to it- virtiin, as tin- influent f rag 

ami apron upon the frenzied defender <>f the great and 
m of M hash," but with that Btoicism t! 

i !•. w In'le perishing, 
" which many suppose alludes t<> hie 
n, that held the Roman finger in the 
off, that made tin* Spartan youl 

rment, 'till he eat int - > his entrails, 

aim and collected, while the Btreama of 

leep in gore, bloody hands are 

N -. • •■• . I last, South 

-. " tin. u <:m-'t not say I <li<l it." 

dining with some 

•••11- .'t' mutilated eff make 

M hasl ointod meats and partided gri 

ed nji lik.' .i volcanic eruption, in the 

u d to open : tern. I'i< ■• i 

-• the tables, grinning .-it the pigmy, 

'-.'in their natural shape into n 

jumble "t" elements. 1 . i n the 

i »•■ offer up feeble potitii 

■•., defying 
the li 'Mlv and bravely amid the wn i 

the dii 11 task, rushing 

k l>"!ir:itll his 

buried promiscuously 
in tli< • n- loud mouthed cauldron. He ■ 

• run down his checks, l>ut he 
t'flt tr . the committee ent< 



1 IG M : BE PRISON : \' 

l.v ( !olo 1 1 . who wit . thml 

I II-.' Mavnard, 

bowl went op from the oommitl 

which 

"ThOM 1: . .Uxiut it — 

1 I him- 

Belf tO 1 Hll'l 

utter • the <l;i. .' the 

like < >tl • .rii.ii"!. 

. 
in tli.' • I • if Alph< prophet, 

..r tip good j u • 3 _ 1 1 

him im; nquil and 

: reminded of hi- failure, then n 

. --'1 n 

*• i: 

In the endl< f hnman nature, within «>nr 

"iir m i r I '■ hom 

:ir<- in- :. of mnch 1 1 - an unqui 

y man 1. semblance 

• liiiu of tin- christian : i • 
• r ( Catholic, hut I 
H 
■ 

' their 

an N"t 

with the 
j.urii 
( 'hn-t : I appli- 

- 



M mi: PRISON 1 Mil. I.. 1 1 7 

by tin' preacher 

.•nl lowly .1 .-. Itut whether he he - 
otherwise, the man, unless a brut bj a 

. and judgment, of whom we hai 
in pr influence is wonderful. On the 

ith, many <>t' which the author 111- passed in 

r room! 

promt - or ball-playing, no rioting, nor 

*h<»ir ij.l lull attendance at the morning 

. and ;i universal reign of quiet and 

I be, and shows the influ- 

• ■ . t.» the Bible, in I 

. and diffusing the cheering rays 

■ :i all it- ooncomil ilixa- 

I iptain A. .1. Wither- 

enty-first Alabama Regiment : 

this mod( il profession, i- a gentl 

rmly attached t>>, he is mild, quiet, and 

• '1 an oi tyle, with much 

• \ . I to '•' ' I listen with }'!<':i-ur' : 

i ami vehement tlL r ht> alone, hut t<» 

ui'l i . clothed with humility of mien, he 

• ind kinde • [ ever met, yet the 

iow determination and courage, when 

. exhibited on the field 

l(»h. wl to the wounded, nnder 

lay struggle, marked him 

ne whom row of the battle- 

riehl could not <leter from performing the <luti.-s of his 

■ 
l'h'>!-' Soutlf < • of his 

inspiration from that 

in my memory. 

v-thinl 1 

- 

I would carry the sword in one 

. who j>p . 



M 

\'.. II -..!.•. . - t 1 1 1 1 Ark .• .-. .1 . I'. . < I erl D, S 

icky, II. II. Robinson, O. 

r. bourteenth Mississippi, J. I . W'al i third 

TiMiiu-.-MM-, :iinl A. A. Wilson, I '-Hsee. 

titlemen we all reputed u r, ""l i i are 

in the cause, : the two latti r I hare 

. pn ach. Captaii W d "t mucli genius, 

delivery. These are the i 

men here, I hope they will a n was 

: :n. 

i in llif w 

Am : red to her fathers, and her radient 1 

m iih their a influent 

night, there to repose 'till the <•;»!! ' 
by the lark. uitiful the of the 

ethcrial thr< •• ley "ink beneath the 

Mushing horizon; the crimson inl with the 

■ :m deptl of Id i' ra > 

:\ riad of colors, from tinted cloud-1 
Tis beautiful, bul transitory : they gather their t-kirtf, 
into the silt their 

rOiini: :i the Limpid waters, their 

\ ith the glittering Bpray drop 
in thi : ' > .-ink into tit 

of them all, twilight, • of day upon ih<-ir 

fading shadow . ' I . 
o'er ' 'ring tlii- period, * 

going 
lit. Like all natural 
com ■ ad impn 

. 
ighl v power, into the 

•y in 
j, but J 
morn, 
rm'1 : oom mingle, :m<l • 



in 1 I-' 'M l Hi: t'RISOH I LB1 )•• 1 L9 

lueooe in 1 ning tw ilight. The 

grou] : and frisking on the sward, 

ntemplal 
• <( fifty _\ i 

tunter along, 

of this or thai Btrategic movement o4 

:ommandere ; "in- wonders bow tin' times 

and fa llnv are Lieutenants Samuel 1'. 

J ::• \\ ilker, Kirtlaud, Kelsev and Duncan; tin.- 

Samuel 1'. YValker, of Memphis, 

.' . •;!.•- K. I'. >lk, formerly Presi- 

This family influence, has 

i iany ud\ nul - 

bIiow in atlemanl) 

ity. They are Lieutenants in 

i i uided by their uncle 

1 I M ■■ '.••!•. Lieutenant 

a qui< if, Lieuten and Kelsej . 

: Memphis, young men <>t' intelli- 
•i«»n with the army was only 
:<> their capture, I know but 
ability. Lieuten . I inn* 

. i a promisu r. Lieu- 

.i Kentuckian, one "t' I 
deept /urril in tin- V. expedition in 

-tiny, 
until. the night of an unsuccessful Revolution. 

Durii upon the 

.■•in. with u block of n 1 for :i pillow, 

ne ••; 

the -<-r\ ice. This group has 

.M has lefl ray upon 

with :i l\ 

•ok t" their quarters. 
Mth much animation. 
Then I 

.:tiiirrv, officer of the 



I gO i ROM I ill ii.i- 'N i LOl R. 

St. I ..• . M hi ofticor <>t inoi it. lie norly 

of the house of Abbott, Johni a Co., «>i Philadelphia, 
l>ut hat e*|K>uB< -I the f t 

w nil iiiik h enthusia* iii. Captain Siinn 
of tho editorial coi ■ conneoted with, and was 

■ i.i ,i ( ti. I In i: | . •;, in the 
\\ pi, al the opening of the • 
Captain Waah. Uordon' ipparuntly musing 

upon the ri ign <>t terror that arHi< I \\ it homo. 

id ,-.| mau, <>t" piety and . and 

;im I, in, "tin • \\ ork i ' ' of mild 

manners, with main christian virtues. tit 
shining liu'l't in our circle. 11 

sympathizer \v i 1 1 1 the down-trodden South, and will rot 
ton, rather than i rnmeul shall abate ■ jot or 

tittle of her just demands, for an honoreblu exchait 
prisoner*, VVealllovi Captain Gordon, nol forhis 

gallantrj in the field, but t"t-liis consistent walk and 
ition in durance, and as he loads the evening | 

with the fervor of a aoalous christian, showing his 
faith l>\ h wecan't help regretting, that then 

uch men in our d Captain C 

W.i. : : i the father of uine children, t\\<> "I his >->n- 
now in th< of their nal ' i< . I '■ nm ■ -. • . 1 1< 

I l hi- impi 

men! witii patience, he is ofa lainih of patriotic inea and 
women, i whom alone is known t" n nally. 

II ter, M I Memphis, I riincsaee. 
i one of the » ► 1 * 1 tin • eenly 

itfering humanity, si >t ne- 

glected a mother's duty, as her * 1 1 1 

\| 

I'turnt in tho South, 

•roin. 
iiympatliii vaoon 



I I Ml. PRIHON lAI'.l.!.. 1 21 

: rlllircL mi ■ ■ 

1 \\ I ; I ! : 

■■:•'. lot, 'li-< ; . 

.11. The wound 

I. ut i 

■ 

■ I in-iih • 

/ inii'li : 

I 

I . .1 l I- '.. 1 862. 

I . ■-. • 

I i . \\ . < , 

rninp 
nd for the 

J 

I 



122 M THE PRTfcnS T\ 

in V : P. If., • 

• ]...-.■ 

■ • 

•itiin-1-. ami that th 
and if m 

the 

appointed the loll < • U Buttle, 

* 

of Arki O , Mr. 

Wit!,. \\vr< 

added. 

"On i I till three r. m.. 

. 
*• '! adjonrnment, 

' Ci loll ]'!V- 

1 liattol, of T< 

. til 1"' ]•!•• 

1 ' Rimonton, and 

W'itl • irk-. tli« 

■ 

ntintftohiml • 

•• « >n motion, thi 

•• I", wk .1 \K. M< ! 

• 

i 
• . ... 

i 

wi«. Jnm 14, U 

" 

.•• fellow • . I ■ nijjht, 

.1. I '. Mi 
I • • \ ' 1 1 

• 
thfnllv 



123 
. while returning from the -ink- t<> his qnar- 

f •rini it • < v i elf, and of 

. who witnessed the occurrence, shows thai 

of justification for thia atrocious 

lity. In stepping from die sink, Captain Meadows 

moment, in the path-way, t<» arrange 

• ntinel, who w near him, on the 

wall, . and, apparently, kind, 

■■I the unfortunate gentleman n<» warning of his 

i ?<» him, " Y<>ii musn'l !~t • »j » thi re." 

• \\ liately moved, when, withoul 

ord or warning, bad made one <»r two 

in oliedience to the order, 

icl ineontestibly -h<»u n, the 
i - now the third time, thai 
i|".n for very >li:_ r iit offences, 
nbmitted withoul murmur, rally 
■ \ onr mercj . we hn\ ■ 
. ;■> «.li sen e the regulations, 
lit, l>v these cruel 
:-t mutilation 
how to :i«-t. Are we, sir, to 
■ may we tat 
jnsti<*e and humanity .' 
re of \\:i 
• I claim thia r\'j\\\ with s deep sense of 
\\ e appeal i<> you for 
. we hai 
ntinel ha* 

col M I, we '-.'ill upon yon, '" see thai he 

• 

'nihil- Oll1 

■ ■!. it \\ ill w chapter in 

. 

ibed t<> tli<- genu 
a ti\c<l <>n<-. that v • 
1 ' •! «'ii the 

ing inriu- 
. 

(changed, 



124 •! THE PRISON 

and that on tl f July the J 

including the L r l"i I'. L'i] 

• >r Fortresa Monroe, arriving \'._ . • 1st, ai 1 the 
forwarding of tl i I ed :it 

Was] -till tin ! ii in the 

grapes ine lint . Captain ti I inks v. • 

Buffalo, and New York, Lii tenant Lytl< 
not particular a- to rout . and with his sprightly, 
•u- manner, that he would go without hie unmention- 
route, i" gel on1 of "l'i I' 
L\ tie belongs t.- tin- tight 

i- on< tnosl populi I . • ntenanl 1 '. 9 

Martin, <>l" tlic Third i 

our group, aaj -, he want 

I Pea iher, I oi ". -ninth 

Teiiiu h uiatt 

. 
upon hie calmness. Lieutenant Berry, of the 
Tentli I ■ 1 y birth 

ginian, yet with i 

State, ' ■ I 

ral in youth. Fie is ever 

now, as i hearing tin 

tirmation of our excha 

I J. G. H . I E, Twentl 

1 . ii fur courage, tine 

.i lion nn 
and what you would call • 
fun of any kind, and were it not fur 1 
• I G . Kami 

• Murphy, fr<»ni M 

. I am afraid I >uld ii"' 

pints up. Shan) in I 
shall not play out, the fun must I 

I lubhard, <■! I \ w ith tilt 

uf the inland : . i I 

I the 
full and ni«l'l\ co 

.11' 



U - PROM I HI PRI80N IM'l r. 1 25 

t •[ .« -:i l"~ 111 

• 'i:il future 
I >nfederaey. Lieut 

M . :illt| i-: 

.! youth in the room, he is quite Beriously 

• I w ith . :ilnl "III - 

m in wh n< I sundry garner one cent 

. 
All ted by the n<'\\-. S »me 

tv, others of hila- 
re jii'L" campus, by the «•' 

• n now the news of exchange aflfi 

. who 
the memorable battle "i 
I, Capt Palmer, 
1 Crocket 

the bounds of the ( 
I ' ' [pilar '/'//■ . ' yntrred 

matter how questionable it- <•1i.ii 

v ! atentanl of the 

VV< b, company . 

. 

Vt the time h< >- captured 
Nelson. Lieut* 
of Memphis '1 ted In 

:ill wl it officer, and considering 

.• . itenant I*'. 

1 1 . \| S , O 1 1 ,• i' 1 !•<•<! 

Kifty-1 Sen. o Vohu I 

• uch w it and humor. 1 1» 

my with 1 r, driving 

from \\\- command. 
i l ! urn men I well, sol 

whieli instrumci I forms 

iidmii - popular 

■ 
iour and sol 

S 



1 _'•! LP8 FROM I HE PRIS" »N 1 \ 

.'••.• ■•:!]> of water and id a 

frequenl . and the 

lK>ilcd meat Ot" the day bei ;lii> tiln- . 

mail con* 

after breakfast This arrival creates some i nt, a- 

ipply rarely equals the demand, and all 1 1 ; • • .—« - who 
the fluid, an- compelled t" place tip - in a 

line, beginning at the post at tin' gnard-lii 
tin- big gate. 1 an amut 

canteens, : jar-. !>••" •-. pitchers, bowls 

and crocks, <>t' all shapes and < i the 

indi\ idu 
r tlie milk-cart. At s \. m., tl e 
man comes in, with a dray Load of onii 

I i * < -1 \ Burrounded by the pi 

who have the money to buy with, and 
by nine. Then tin' newspu tne in, tl ^ iu~ky 

a dirty, fal l>la<-k M 

I . ■ \ . \ Herald," 

1 • • 1 1 ■ . . ■ ■ . ." tii. Latter lis 

of journalism ; the former 

il, but powerless for g i. The rush for 

quite exciting, several hundred 

yelling out, pa]>ers, cursing the vendor for 

the lighted uj» count* i 

the Mank ones when it is bad, or the dull ones whei 

indiffi ■ - 'till tlw 

At tw< •■ . '1 are 

■ hear tl from home and the 

B made happy, 

appointed. The chu 
for I * i — » !i i« -r-. and as lie Btauds at tli 
calling c\it tin' letters, \sitli the 
into liis own, 

u tin 

furnished ur euen 

. I»h11 pi 

I 
the i 



mi; puj i.i:. l_ r 



c ii \ pt i; 1; \ . 



i 

PHILOSOPHY. : 

'• 
UB i.aki: 

■■ 

• •• ' 

OF HABIT. 
AHRIVAL. 

\ \ ' y, by tlic odor b 

\ \ 

. 

." tomcthinp 
. a pfura I 

!'. i. and Phaloi ' 

• pcrfurat' 
1 through their 

• •1! ol 
• 

■ 
u id that d . Doodle, 1 

■ 
1 

N . . '! !>■■ 



IPS I BOM TH1 

itions 
. and acnllion, L \\ any intellectual 

rehend 

and how the i i n ri«i»- in his 

. ■ • t to 

lltll, i- :i l::\ &t< I"}', within hill), that 

;1 Abolition emotion, ''Down with the indolent 

.it of 
ial toil employed, t<» attain the 

their 

calling. line of den i en drawn by 

natni i rhito :m<l black ■ im- 

.. ! philanl 

iping it.- reward, and lil lan who won the 

M what will tli- 

The b 

thou 
i well exclaim, from n 

da." 

A : »m\ 

ith all thai 
rending, yet the fr< 

mcnte of stoi .'!..:" with the whirl 

of life mi hundreds on Bliipboa f not 

. the 
lit), a 
itler, 
it hifi 
. : • the vt hide 

• 

I i II . I • ■ ■ 

ball from 
i M. . it M< 

Ided to :. 
• death. The 



M THE I'RISO! 129 

inhumanity • 
: lii- mneral, 

none, 

. could attend 

i . VV< ■ of tin- nmnb( lie tortnr- 

i nt the body, without 

da, an unlieard-ol 

• •■ ■ • I • 

•. [ike f' 
lurab brute, and buried without the ministration 
under the e> e of that 

.'.'1 the " beat go^ en »nt the 

• 

•red by dark and trea 
I beneath 
i ■ ia beyond 

r di, bul lii- temple 
as his moral 
ire rusty, lall he b 

wall around the entire | 

le the 
while 
■tain 
:' which : 
. 
1 Timour 

bow- 
to th< . and is i 

"with its 
cause 

: . it«-liiiiL' t>' : to tli<» 

;" a rebeL I' 

may 

do,"* 

n the 

. 

- 



1 . I 

Captain J. P. < 

,. . 

i 

I 
• '. ■ 
faithfully - • . 
of their : 

■ .. 

fellow pi i 

the walls. Each heart beal :. but 

otliing 
Lion, the 

. 

and ■■ 

don'l Buffer man) hard&hi| 

endured. I 

the cu 

■ 

whir. .1 

, V 
will l>i; as tin 'i • 
him in our l- 

In • kppend t] 

I . I 

••A 

Uichi 
from Mr. 

. 

i 






..•• w»r, 1* 



LAP8 I ft iM I HE PRl&OM I A);l l . 131 

• t<» hold . :ii'»li mall 

1 I jitter, had .-till ii tiauki 

oft, ;uk1 at the ti] I 
left t: . lie confiscated ton <l<>llars, ail tin- money 1 

• • give it up : a 

• me l'\ my friends in Baltimore. All the 
through i . ami In- invai 

i portion :it the time. A- to] 1 think a 

titemptible scoundrel never breathed than that 
1 I n died i' , in the 1 

Aril after hie exchange, he was n 
. ind killed l>v Urn 

f ' . I Slut '■' 

.1 

lh\i-.i utters Huffman's Battauok, Depabtmj 

• l \\ u:. M afi S \MM BKY, < Mil". 

March 1. W 

\ . ! . ... .■ war 

condition, 

will he i 

v. iil be chiefly 

I 

■i a! 

»rt >>: 
u should !•«• 
tructiou, the pri 

• 

i." 

hour 
. 

ighly po 



M i nr PRISON I \i 

, lighl 

." 

■ . 7 . Qua 
strictly prohibit* 

• - ,— P 

in blocks 1. -. •"« and 4, will i I the 

in block . upon 

I rounds in tl 1 tin- lii 

■ 
will t 1 i the 

vincinity "t* ti • i the \r 

■ 

will be 

en the build I lli<- !;• 

My will be i >« • n 1 1 i t t « *« 1 Ik. rili of the buihlii 
wlien p:i-- and from tli 

.i the foil r tlifln thirt\ 

• 

• • ' - Vb. 10. I • 

t«» fire upon all wl 1' 

will, therefore, !•■ illy in l 1 be 

. by them, to 

• ■. and may .1." 

r of 

I -i >. I'm i 

I'.. \\ . \\ ! I ~. I .11 I I. W I ' 
i III: Wll MM I \ I ' MM'.. 'IIS 

. 

•• I . 
;.ll \\ ; . i 

; i , 

; < I 

a 



Mini: I'RISON T IDLE. 
I ' point tw- - wide, alwayfl with :i 

(•lioj»|i om the Atlantic ocean 

• tiat will make 

• ■•I tin' ordeal of an Atlantic 

Dover ached, eighty 

"ii in London, and ii" 

you prefer it. il M rl< ."- I >t '. on Trafalgar Square, 

the \\ • . Morley'a reminds on* 

: i Avenne, New v i 
and is far inferior our leading hotels. After 

you are : , that 

I rlishman's house is more home-like than an 

To i < » r 1 1 1 an 

mi "t liumanity, you must stand on London 

.• mass, that rushes by lik.' Borne 

! i upon tli'- current, my mind revert- 

• \- I walked over London 

i while many, in wandering through 

1 i .. onld dwell upon serious 

calked the bloody 

the rival hous< - of York 

I ill.:ir\ IV., or the lewed Henry VIII. 

thoughts were ..r' I Hckena and 

• rand and Lndgatc hill, 

, Stat ■ • . . \\ rren'a 

11 tree! hero Tittle- 

. M. P., I) I irpin and his many haunts, 

:n»'l i er the mind, showini 

• tlie youthful im . 
• ■ -it the <<-ll of 

I twelve 
of her 
n lated o 8 
ite in tl 
••. that had 
■ 

I. " the 

I 



]:; i \.n nan ; be i imsos i \ 

in tin- li ■ ■ 
lio for 
gloomy walls. into tin- 

hand <-l' a Imri l._ >h usher, who proi 

tlian an . "ii t.. 

• .t where th< mid, murdered ' y the 

:.l |v Richard : the "I 

• brought from the Thames t • • 

you -• ! 'l"<-k th< I - uted ■•: . 

• ', the in 
uj>, by visiting the crown jewels, the 

• K ; Light," 
world's wealth <>i 

surrounded by an iron rail. The fen 
plain . and movi b J ou 'round th 

a time. 
After Biirht-seeine until fatigued, vou Hud 

nd all yonr 1 »f the 

by the boai 
your fresh 

Even 1 . d its 

Lin of lit le. St, r 1 

cathedral, and oth( At last 

uinaterab 

us hut t<> liave I • 'ha' 

• intered lie all tlirough lif< . < ' 
within ~<'inr few hundred 

ndh idus 

• lark, that had til it |K)\VOrflll faculty -'t' 

■1 in the habiliim 
sional man, whose briefs mid pr< 

trail spot jauntily upon 

buttoned •• chin. 1 

t. l>ut it in. 

•* 1 

building, tli 

ta, m in- laii'-li.dv. 
U) the p.. 

. that 



IPS ] \:< m Mil 1*1 -u:. 136 

■. in tlii- hoary ereati< >ti 

•• ^ the nbl 

lt 1 of tlif •_•■! 

• \\ hev, that 1 • [jondon 

the 
I daily examine its inten 
, Inm i I \\ itli the sublimit} of 

• 'I with themortal- 

mouldi ■ i pulehres, thai have lev- 

the crown and coronet in 

i of the building repose* 

11 I heth, w ho w itli all her foibles, 

I • d," mihI although 'tie 

M [Kwsible that the 

. for the peccadilloes of the S. 
• I tlinn in her defence, and have done 
l i ■ : ' 

14 In that < H< VIII., the English ' D 

^ • • he had The place is full of 

. their 1 

\ or iin:i'_ r in:i- 

■ r tii<- 

yon \\ ill find those who will -h..w 

I attempt* 

1 ! :<•<! liim :i prim . 

! 1 1 1 : i k i i ) _r :i bow, that would 
rime minister, d 
! with the idea, thai I had been t.-ikm in by n 

ilejxmded on tricks 
bee-line for n 

I ■ 1 1 «_rl > t tin W < -t 1 1 1 IIIr-T • l- 

I .... M ,),.,, 

' racted my 

I ■ tiM not but 1 * that ii ■ ite i t' fulsome 

■ 

ntation «'t' the 

. v. 



I i Hi. I'RI&i IX TAB 

in the old 

|t»ilj>jil)] 
in tin I of all Immunity. 

.1. Phil 

. ■ 

Icil lililli 
of till I' may ih»j 

I that tl 

I into tin- compot 

.ri.iu- 

■ 

•.in their <>\\ :. 
•it, all 
to I I : in iii.-: 

. 



p. There. are but fow, hon 
■ ■ - | 

■■ 

:'.■'• 

. " I 

• Kit he v 
llictiun. It' 

ilarlj 

It'llK 

1 ' m|>i. 

! ' 

make my alHictiona liu'lit, " for he 

I 



I BOM l ill. PRISON I Ml.r. L37 

h." In view of all 
and time, with I 
nine in I 

unprehension of 
iem. Why do • much 

future, with it- great 
.1 ..t' the only reality in 
Living in the past, and i 
: it i- only in tli" 
nplish the true object of 
Lei i. past with it- buried 

• lie future t<. that < rroat Being, who 
ilu the in) utery that envelopes tlie 
id. 
i Tennc&soe \ olunto 
1 in the I5riti-li 

• of the :i'U ance, that landed :it 
•ii Balaklav a, on September 1 I. 
d in ti\ e 'l;i\ .-, and <«ii the 
lava. The 
, outpost uj)ported by 

.iv in their rear, 
Che E irl -'i* Lucan, the < rem ral 
. a In . t e of 

I : nd Thirteenth Light 

1 1 liill-top, where they 

airy, \\ itli their skir 
■ ing their attack three-quarters of a 
mi. i I'. h advanced eight hundred yard 

uted until their infantry <:mn- up, \\li" 
i :it double-quick, and funned, two bun 

, til!". -\\ 

• I tlicir 

I I airy out 

v. Tip ten 

lundred .We lost 

lri\ replied. Lord 

.• thai moment, 

10 



ipt II.. Ill 

for f< 'it, but • 

■ !>•. and the r«-t ■: . up- -n which the 
enen i behind the hills, exten 

• • mpting b ; but in tliie manceu- 

: they ii llery openh 

them, after :i few dischargee, tliat went through and 
through them, caused them i" fall back t>> the n< 
and busily Leave alto • - the 

"Alma," they were intrenched fifty-five tho 
with one hundred and ten guns. . notpartici- 

tion, it being left t<> the infantry to haul down 
Id •• Red I i it, winch latter tin 

; it flaunt defiantly the n< 

■ !. on it- \ ictiorioii8 waj to Bal We 
ed in the valley of Kadokoi, about t\\.> miles from 

n i. V. ed the first p '1 on 

the 1 7th of October ; on the 25th, it was rumored the 

n force ; , upon 
rhe Turk- had cl 

1 don't think tin \ 

who t.n.k the fort, .• « 1 1 « 1 turned the guns u]>on our rascally 
allies. Their cavalrj , ad 

. flushed with their buc 
wheeling o'er the plain, and right at tin N nty-third 
Sir Collin Campl>ell, the then only 
■ nt t.. dispute their advance, to the capture 
• nir militar} 

ti.m of Italaklava, and up in the plain, with a 

might) enemy in front, and on botl . ind the I 

. bad tin;. led, the I'.' 

prisoner I i their lai nst the Nine- 

ty-third, and when within pistol range, in went tin 
of t he H i gh 
■ 

off th< • 'it. our cavalry •• by squadrons 

■ 
■ - I ) n ( i 

1 bed tin ■ a here 

allw( I i 



M l ill PRIW > v I IB] I. 

II • , brought an order from Lord Raglan, 

I nor, bul •■ ordered 

the I'.v j the Turks ; the} wen 

I ■ • 1 1 - G 1 Inniskillen 

Pwelfth and 8 nth Lai 

Earl of ( ■ their 

retreating, but on disco\ ering 
<'iir ned line, and niuimberod their guns. 

1 I our light division, until they me1 the Ri 

■ I in four lines, bul through them we went. 

•■ Line, and as their last line was broken, 

our trumpets at this instant sounded the recall, giving 

•in their line, :in<l at them we went 

I iiiur-l. 

airy in a fair way 

I. let i!\ their artillery into the mingled 

i now 

"ii the field, and what was l-t't of our fellows 

I, and rejoined our comrades : wi 

hundred and fourstrong, and came out one 

hundi . l>nt the ltuii- were retaken. 

was killed early in the fight 

displayed on this 
I of individual heroism, 

in th( lier of the Twelfth Lanc< rs. H- 

nnded In twenty R • - : they were in 

mldn't catch bin ; I bey were 

■ 1 liim until ' : he killed 

. he could ii"t cut him, 
Idle, with lii- bridle-hand, hit 

iddlf, 
lie joined 1 with 

S Vlll'Pllf. 

I :m honorary member 
upon h 

ncflt. 

. not 

allndi 



i BOM ! 111. miSON 

Id th( ' 

■ 
Phi 
twelv< 

I 

• I world, 

-ili-lil 

. 
hand • •! 

t:iti"!. 

. W hi i 
to liln-rty, til- I lllll-t be 

. 
i i of his 

told no | 

flu- i ; with I 

irmenl I n the 

would put 
bhifth. 
■• from li< 
• 

of th< 

! i . 

I ' v. 

Mill's 

Lit . I ' 

to the 



I ROM I lir PRISON l \i 111 

I I'. I Eleventh Arkai 

d in hospital, July 22(1, t \ phoid 

■ 

I J. R. lid , 1 Mv-tir-t Rogimont, Tenm 

\ nto the ! ' dy Gth, 1 s »iL'. 

nination «»t' ;i wound in tin- leg, 
• th< M W 

I.. M. MeWhorter, "t" Company I, Third 
M 29th, in hospital, • >!' t \ pli 

days; 
ptoins not well developed, suffered 
li. 
I I Murray 1; dluded i 

■ i kiii-IU furnished bj I >r. II. I.. 
itaL 

I BAD l*OI li .. Bl l Hi l l s \s i 

I of infantry, 

it ion of tin- ■ >f hie 

i • nt. and origi- 

I 

ra i ii am 

i 

i 



M I ur. PRISON 



•••II 

ll Imeat 

\s he :ir III' Vll 

nint 



mora 

I 



i 



run 
Ihi i 

iinl 

Ihey i""k in band «'tir li- 
ke litem 1 



i Ui many ■ 



■ 

I 



10 



•, . m 1 111. r.. ii . i ;.'. 

11 
a i.. 

leltr 

I 

imc 

• ■ 

- i tli 

- mighty hard 
aqucr mir 

l 1 

time 

. .11 nut con i ilrrt 

15 

I 

].; 

bolar 

lm ( !hai ent- 

I bul little 

. tribul 
mt:iiii of true 
I 
I 

ght I have 
iral lines on hoi 

• a church. 1 

in, B& the 

, on 



11 } M I HE PRISON I U 

I indulgi 
• 

ranch In 

much <•!' ti. 
little of the "troubad 

1 rid Gray i 

hour. I I 
to the :i ' ry. i 

window, lool 

road b — m their 

■ ;ui«l life, their i ■ the 

i 
on land, I oft( n ••'■ • »i 
t tin- old Ship "' S 

Abolitionism, I i 
:n outlines of frow nil 
• the apparently - 

. 
I 
!■ the helm, • and in a 

upon thi 
longer discernable. In tin- morning, whal is left 

• madl) l< '■ i'!i their 

■ ■ 
. that n< 

upon Ik .ntlr<l 

. by the angry u;iN oa of tl 
. in that littli 

a half 
buried w itli the wreck. 
. 
■ 

•ii. 
all him, 



M 1 111 PRIS< IS TA1 145 

fired the 
inia; 
i ' from \\ hi'-li I 

. \\ ith :i shell at 1 1 svhich 

•:llll|> 

• i>i' . hi r prison, nsive 

Nun idcd o\ er 

1 ( I '. I iftieth 

■ . \\ . W I 

V\ \\ i ' ..i.i. Walters, 

I I . Sixth M 'IT'- I' ' , '-' Lieutenant 

1 ». 1 1 , ( I), Third The old 

make n man," has 

illant 

pro* en themseh es 

. in ul] ■ Uery and 

nl amounts to about 

i twelve hundred dollars 

. which are sold to prisoners 

1 i naker 

k. The 

filled. V) 

• 

d • cake 

.. seems 

rtunes 

•' washing five 

The I of the ]■■ . nine 

; ■ inli- 

tone 

and fifty 

I ! i era! 

.' upon in front of the < 

nt at that 
Mayor ol Sr. 

•' I I ■ liiiii 

•■■1 of 



M i m: i!. 

' I 

. 

ilumc, 
and i big J \\ it 1 1 him. 

1 • Jeff with ': 

1 1 ; : \ . 1 1 

splendid j human i 

In to the 

M s the 

slur on Ci il Thomj 
(in allusion to 

if it questions I 
pueril 
bul • ii. 

26th day of June, 

iround the ba 
of tin 

with tlu-ir 

fault li:i- 
: for w !i 
I 
. 

. to 

i frail hi 
imai] heart, the entiri >f all 

■ 

:it till 

•. I 

I 

r 

I ' 

. 
■ i 
■ • 1 1 



i BOM i in. PRISON i.\: 1 17 

; nghVhman says abont the latter, I would 
"'alfand 'alf for an ogshead of 'ail 

< (I n, of the infantry . I rebel from 

. i ief ■>!' the tailoring 

roans for Beasl Butler, 
iled to w itlt a will. They are 
« »i» t • •■■ I "with her living freight, 

1 fur ( Ilovulaiul. They will 

They will marry and die, and :i 
of them may possibl) go to the d I. 
I ■ I of men and women, 

[iraion, witnessing the 
ime of I 
• in. 

of Join . alluded 

»f the in • kable on 

men, whose repu- 

ap-wide notoriety. 

i build ap the most wonderful 

' \ ictorics by th I irate 

I '■■ leral h i 1 tliu 

It b 
with t!i 

: 1 palpitating h 

• the 
ight, and hope is the 

" 
I ■ it, in 

that 
v. with the ina 

that 

■r for what We 

line" 

I fratefnal strife upon 

nen, who 

itler, " J 

ti r in bis 
i1 ■ ' I 

■ . ■■ 



\ 

in Joseph. 1 n the 

•-. hich 
■ ' 
"Joe, little, 

but h< 

i ! i and 

obliging to us, 

■ roll- 
caller " of our >ur n>]l for th< 

it, who it is 

■ 
I, we :ill fell in line, in I 
up in front of the lit 
manner, addn liundrcd 

I'm in Wi 

imor, 

and a daily 

. 

<>lir t 

:i<ijii! 

:. in 



. 1 w 



i ROM i mi: PRI80N I '.mm r.. 1 19 

ind, 

IB. 

le being 

ind dining-room of the Hotel de 

lard Fran- 

ptured al Shiloh, 

I 

itenanl John I >aily, of 
other member "t' th»> 
P 

.'i intelli- 

••II . the 

. I>v the 

i ed in tl • »f the 

tally h"." Again the 

•i iuii-"i|i with 
braj of a longn 
- in our window, 
1 mberant, 

: and 

:hccr- 

. \ ho, alive 

; i tli. in mi cxcuBe ft>r 

i, in OTuff 

■. ill be 
•.•iil«-!ir:il \ oice 
t( '1 tho - 

- that 
urn u^ t.» put oat our 



injunction v rdera 

at the good news, 

eta call the half hours, for th( , 1 

■ 
with us. The pi 

from 
!.'• ports rel 
nil t «i i« i i i ocy upoi 

and bid him hope booh to be in the " ! 

I 
of the <l.i ii of the cam] 

:i \ icton toour ( I 

sold well. There was much tal 
obtaii ti'i :ill 

t:ikiiiL r a large supply. One » • had 

[uart of i 
\<> d'v I to throw ii 

it :ill up, :m«l a pain under 
The i lued under the influei 

and w "ii the | ! stool, now und< 

iiilln. ■ 

world M 

dwelt upon, the deception of attem] 
through thai would sell al the Soul 
< Himmering offutii 
ed up ii Many took 1 

unction t<> tl • 

: 1 1 1 • 1 :i n luni t<> the communion of their li": 
I hope all will realize their dreams, and thai 
1 I 
\\ . ! 

■ 

II I 

aroni 

hIIv in th( 



I Rl >M i III PRISON 1 IB1 !.. 151 

; ■ I ird Mississippi, i ittin«£, 

Illid chin .;i hifi 

»w if the ^ invn't <jiiit lying 

.1. C. 

pi, i- «|i, 

:. and holding 

■ >\ as, for a comic 

I '■•!!- 

thought t.. 1 1. •- i with 

i i 

being thorough in 

n apprenticeship in some half 
II in the mess, Lieu- 

rig by his 
word 
nit exch 
ml MeAlpine has dro] 
■ 
,F. Y. M ' U of the 

our : . er the bad news iu a 

■ the 
11 er members <>t* the 

when all 
1 ' rhird M ississippi, 

nen we ba\ e in the 

^ ork 

I I 

. 

. until his foot pi i 
I t A- R Lewis, of the 

I int< 

i himself 

The mem 

ly, is 



152 M I 111 PRISON I \ 

1 I • • 
I 

. 

I ' 

ikl'lll 

Pul :i man in | 

. 
■ut let the cause 
that wound liim up ii i * ] ** ■ 1 1 

1 

In 

. ■ 

, if not the 

I ■ 

1 I). T. ( 

While 

it he 

; 
■ 

1 

ilistic 



•■ i ' 
I 

i 

i 

•'A 

• iii- 
will 
only 

1 
11 



■ 

■ 
■ 

■ 

M. 

: 
■ 

' ' ' 



SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 155 

when they, chiefs of mess 3, say revolute, the "sans eu- 
lotte " without the walk, had better rescind the order 
that is tending to promote discord, or Bacchus will be 
once more enthroned upon the debris of Johnson's island 
grapes, a cheaper process, than paying our meek and 
rascally steward two dollars a bottle for swill. 

" SourkroutV arrival is heralded with unfeigned pleas- 
ure. He is our milk and vegetable vender. "Dutchy" 
has had the trade of the prison since our arrival, and, of 
course, is feathering his nest. I don't know that his milk- 
is like the Dutchman's, who made his fortune selling half 
and half, and on his return to the Faderland, while count- 
ing his money on shipboard, the bag was seized by a 
monkey, and carried aloft, " Jacko" taking out the coins, 
and dropping one into the ocean and one on the deck, 
alternately, The Dutchman, when sympathised with, re- 
plied, " dat ish right, what come from the vater, he give 
to the vater." 

This milk epiestion reminds me of an incident, related 
to me by that prince of good fellows, and greatest living- 
wag, Henry Dollis, of Memphis, Tennessee. A milk man, 
who furnished the steamboats with the lacteal fluid, was 
remonstrated with, on the thinness of his milk. He would 
hand the steward ten or twenty dollars, and the milk next 
day was thinner. At last an inspector came around, with a. 
hydrometer, testing all milk sold on the river. The stew- 
ard excitedly informed the milk man, that his milk only 
raised twenty-three — "what is requisite," twenty-seven. 
The next day the test was applied, it rose to thirty-two. 
" The heaviest milk I ever tested," says the inspector. 
"How did he do it, Dollis?" " Simply added one pint of 
molasses and another gallon of water, to the can that 
held four gallons mixed, with an additional twenty dol- 
lars." How can a man buy hay, and haul water, to 
dilute with, and sell pure milk ? 'Tis impossible. 

Our Dutch vender doesn't pour water in his milk, but 
milk in his water. He remarked to us, a few days ago, 
that his cow had calved the night before ; dat de milk 
vas goot and strong for soltiers dis morning. "Hans" 
was in great distress on yesterday. He understood we 



156 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 

were to be exchanged, and with frantic ejaculations ex- 
claimed, " Mem Gott, mein Gott, vat can I do if dese 
brisoners leave ; I usht gone and buy twenty more cows. 
Me in Gott, mein Gott." I believe the old scoundrel 
would keep us here for ten years, if he could make fifty 
cents a day selling us milk. These Dutch are pretty 
heavy on suffering humanity, particularly on secesh prison- 
ers.- Our Dutchman will get rich, selling us strong milk, 
go to the Faderland, become a Burgmaster, and look upon 
all milk venders with suspicion and disgust. 

" Cans't thou administer to a inind deceased." 

A good physician should know the power of mind over 
matter, and treat the former as carefully as the latter. 

When Jack Handy* goes into a sick chamber, with 
his irresistible manner, he places his cane carefully in 
the corner, his hat is "then handed to the servant, his 
gloves are carefully drawn, and if unexceptionable, are 
placed upon the chair or stand, then the gay, yet ac- 
complished Jack, shows his tine teeth, shakes his luxuri- 
ant, really handsome head of curly, coal-black hair, and 
with a smile, the well dressed and fresh looking Jack 
Handy approaches the bedside of the sufferer, who by 
this time by the physician's tact has had time to recover 
from his nervousness, caused by the announcement of his 
arrival. The pillows had to be arranged, the coverlid 
respread, a little cologne spread here and there, the rela- 
tives or friends take position near the patient, all is ready, 
and when Jack reaches the patient's pulse, his little 
studied arrangement has given him time to settle down 
his pulse to a beat conformable with the action of the 
disease. Jack looks at the patient's tongue, feels his 
pulse, comprehends the diagnosis in an instant. If a 
purgative is needed, he finds out whether the subject is 
accustomed to calomel, oil, jallop, or magnesia, and then 
if either has been the habit, the other acts more ready ; 

* Captain Handy died on his plantation, in Mississippi, 1867. Our friend is 
pone were the stern alarm of war no longer affrights, nor the sound of "big 
gate ' attracts to the window, yet his ringing laugh is even now vibrating 
through memory's corridors. 



SCRAPS FEOM THE PEISON TABLE. 157 

some are monomoniacs on " blue mass," others on salts. 
Jack Handy is aufait on these distinctions, and from the 
fact of being a fine judge of human nature, is a fine phy- 
sician, can tell a yarn with a better grace, and laugh more 
heartily at its detection, than any man living, is one of 
the proprietors of the " grape-vine line " and " prison 
telegraph." He was captured at Fort Donaldson. 

Dr. Woodbridge, although a loyal citizen of the United 
States, is worthy of remembrance by myself and fellow- 
prisoners, as a kind, considerate and humane officer, and 
like his good wife, has much of the milk of human kindness 
in his composition. He has been quite attentive to our 
wants, and has our grateful acknowledgments. 

Some eschew medicine, and take their text with 
Shakespeare, " throw physic to the dogs, I'll none of it." 
This is well when men are in good health, but when ill, 
obtain a good physician, a man of science, not a charlatan 
or quack one, of will, strong perceptive faculties, tact, 
and address. "An ounce of prevention is worth w pound 
of cure," is trite, but does not justify an individual in 
continually dosing himself with ounces, aforesaid, hoping 
thereby to ignore a necessity for pounds'. The Italian 
tombstone has it, " I was well, wanted to be better, here 
I am." It is like a man beginning with scruples and 
winding up with drams. 

Many depreciate the use of medicine. This is wrong. 
If we lived like the Aborigines, hunted, slew, and cooked, 
the food we eat, drank of the limpid stream, and were in 
constant action, then we might have no use for medicine, 
but when we live artificially, eat late suppers, surfeit on 
grand dinners, make swill-tubs of our stomachs, dram-shop 
signs of our probosces, all tending to keep our minds 
constantly irritated by ideas foreign to our happiness, it 
seems plain enough that these artificial diseases require 
artificial remedies, hence the necessity for the physician, 
of which class, we have seventeen in our prison, many of 
whom are among the most eminent surgeons of the South. 

Dr. J. M. Jackson, surgeon of the Forty-second 
Tennessee Regiment, has immediate charge of the hospital, 
and is a man of great force of volition, and of a high order 



158 SCRAPS FROM THE PEISON TABLE. 

of surgical talent, a deep thinker, and of strictly temperate 
habits. 

Dr. Joseph E. Dixon, of the Tennessee Battalion, is of 
much nobility, acts and thinks simultaneously, of un- 
flinching nerve, a polished gentleman, showing the usage 
of good society. 

Dr. F. Grant, Thirty-second Tennessee, is a quiet 
gentleman, and from his care and nicety of arrangement, 
will make an excellent family physician, one who will 
inspire confidence in a sick chamber with his calm presence 
and positive treatment. 

Dr. A. II. Voorhies. Nature made Voorhies a surgeon 
and physician. Education and commingling with the 
best society has formed him a gentleman. His quiet 
deportment and impressive urbanity, would assauge much 
of the severity of his patient's affliction. 

Dr. J. M. Taylor, Twenty-sixth Mississippi, an able 
practitioner, and well-informed gentleman. 

Dr. O. Becker, a gentleman of versatile accomplishments, 
a tine musician and composer, and a man of science. Dr. 
Becker, although a foreigner,- is enthusiastic in the sup- 
port of the Confederate cause. 

Assistant Surgeons, Thomas M. Nichols, Ninth 
Battalion ; J. J. Dumont, Fiftieth Tennessee ; AV. B. 
Mills, Fiftieth Tennessee; J. J. Mills, Twentieth 

Mississippi ; M. S. Neely, ■ Tennessee ; N. J. Rogers, 

Twenty-sixth Mississippi; AV. G. Owens, Graves' 
Battalion, Tennessee ; H. Griffin, Fiftieth Virginia ; B. 
M. Croxton, Graves' Battalion ; C. H. Edwards, Thirtieth 
Tennessee. The above surgeons and assistant surgeons 
are men whose proclivities for the excitement of camp 
and field have led them to enter the army ; a fine 
opportunity being thus furnished for the development 
science. A large number of amputations, and the various 
characters of wounds and contusions that are under con- 
stant treatment, are tine subjects aiding the cultivation of 
new systems that will tend to the amelioration of pain, 
and present more cases and experiences to the world of 
medicine. It is a melancholy spectacle presented to the 
world — the present war — the meeting of Greek with 



SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TA"BLE. 159 

Greek, yet "it is an ill wind that blows nobody any 
good," and amid all the sufferings and horrors of war, 
the Held of medical science is being opened and expanded, 
thus benefitting future generations. Yet I question very 
much, whether the returned surgeon from the field of 
quick and, too often, careless amputations, is as fit as the 
regular home practitioner, to attend the duties of private 
practice (for the time being.) 

To-day we learn, the surgeons are to be released un- 
conditionally. This is a move in the right direction. 
Although a deprivation to us, 'twill be but a sheer act of 
justice to them. 

In walking along the street, how frequently one be- 
comes lost to the external world of sense and materiality, 
and feeds upon his own thoughts, how often in stepping 
on a pebble, you have felt an irresistible desire to kick it 
ahead of yon, and if it should fall towards the curbing, a 
feeling of anxiety springs up, to keep it in its place on the 
pave, and you will follow it up, kicking at it until an un- 
lucky kick sends it into the gutter, then you feel an 
indiscribable relief, and your ideas become more alive to 
passing events. Have you not, in promenading, musingly 
began to count your steps, guessing how many it would 
take to reach a certain point, and on nearing the goal, 
seeing you have improperly guessed the distance, rushed 
eagerly forward, lengthening the steps, or if you to near, 
shortening them, with as much interest as if a kingdom 
was at stake ? The illustration is simple, but is given to 
show the perfect simplicity of that mind, so much boasted 
of by the " lords of creation, its imperfections, and one- 
ideaism. 

We are all weak by nature, and the boasted individual 
strength is not the result of acquisition, but a constitu- 
tional virtue, and much to be pitied, are the unfortunate, 
who have suffered from poverty and pernicious example. 
The Cyprian on the one hand, and the iioue on the other, 
are objects of commiseration. Much of the opprobrium 
and epithetical denunciations hurled upon the erring, by 
those who circumstances have placed them above the want 
of vice, will, like most curses, (chicken-like,) come home 



160 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 

to roost. We should pity and reclaim, not decry, and give 
up ; should sympathize with and protect, not " turn the 
cold shoulder" to the weak and guilty, but take them by 
the hand, in the bonds of friendship, love and truth, 
knowing the mutability of man, and his many frailties. 

In ruminating on our promenades, with the great vol- 
ume of the "genus homo" open before us, we are forcibly 
impressed, with the spirit of the musings spoken of, and 
are not disposed to "crowd." Now there passes a 
soldier from a certain village until he left it, it supplied 
his conceptions of all that is beautiful ; he goes to a larger 
place, and finds, alone by comparison, the insignificance 
of his former home, and feels that he has reached the 
Mecca of his hopes ; thence to a metropolis, again his 
ideas change, and he conforms to the tastes and habits 
of others — proving himself an inconsistent creature of 
change, not realizing, " that pigmies- are pigmies, tho' 
perched on Alps, and pyramids are pyramides in vales." 
JSuch a man is the creation of the hour, was my enemy of 
yesterday, perhaps my friend to-day, and possibly my 
reviler to-morrow. He became a soldier because Jim 
and John joined, is burning for distinction, but when in 
close quarters, thinks it judicious to retreat; when cap- 
tured, gets intimate with the enemy, will soon take the 
oath, go home, and in a week afterwards, would desire 
to be in the field again, from habit, to which all common 
minds bear slavish allegiance ; he is not to be blamed, 
but he with others such iu prison, are weak brothers. 

The Catholic church comprehends this weakness of 
man, and startles the imagination with its pomp and 
pageantry. The Methodist church follows, with the 
enthusiasm of its revival. France understands the sus- 
ceptibility of man, and touches with its military wand, 
the pride and circumstance of war; and a magnificient 
army, with its splendid paraphernalia, strikes with 
wonder, the imagination of the gazing multitude. Since 
time immemorial, the world has studied to impress the 
imagination of man, as 'tis one of his weakest points. 
Columbus broke his egg for effect, so did Alexander cut 
the "gordian knot," as he also rode "Bucephalus." The 



SCEAPS FEOM THE PRISON TABLE ] 161 

"tub" of Diogones was also of similar device, as were the 
Delphic oracles. The Persian poet, Sadi, went bare- 
footed to accomplished the same end, and like our chiet 
custodian, wears a white cravat, to impress with his 
sanctity, while he maltreats prisoners, 'tis all a 
species of quackery, reminding ns of the anecdote of the 
quack, who, while riding in his carriage, was accosted 
by an eminent surgeon of the old school: 

"How is it you succeed by imposture, while we of the 
regular profession, well nigh starve ?" 

"Easy enough, forsooth; do you see that crowd of a 
hundred persons ? In it there are ninety fools, and ten 
wise men, the former are my patients, the latter yours, 
and as a rule, the fools have the most money." 

Placards and the teeming columns of the press, attract 
the attention, and the bumps of the marvelous and 
imaginative are tapped, and success follows. Barnum is 
a practical illustration of what use can be made of man's 
imagination, 'as he has huinbuged them from "mermaids" 
to "gorillas." In church and state, social and political 
life, it is all the same, all action seems predicated on the 
weakness of humanity. The true secret of happiness is 
to accept these truths, but not to abuse the knowledge 
they impart. Don't force your weaker brother into for- 
bidden paths, be kind to him, and if he wont conform to 
you, do like Mahomet, "if the mountain will not come to 
Mahomet, Mahomet will go to the mountain." Let us 
emulate that part of his wisdom, even if we cannot ac- 
cept the romance of the Koran. 

"Kick not against the, pricks," but be susceptible, be 
"taken in", once and a while, you will feel better, have 
confidence and faith, and as you pass your erring brother 
or sister, have compassion, let mercy linger 'round your 
heart. Flee bigotry, that most abominable of sins, that 
seems to be enthroned in the very soul of Abolitionism, 
so graphically described by Charles Phillips, "The Abo- 
lition preacher or bigot:" 



162 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 

"He has no head, he cannot think, 
No heart, he cannot feel ; 
When he moves, it is in wrath. 
When he pauses, 'tis amidst ruin. 
His prayers are curses, his communion death ; 
His decalouge is written in the blood of his murdered victims ; 
And if he pauses, for an instant, in his infernal flight, 
It is to whet his fangs upon some kindred rock, 
To prepare for some more sanguinary desolation." 

How much happier is that condition, where the people 
are influenced by teachings of "peace and good-will to 
all mankind," who evince a superiority of soul in bend- 
ing to the necessities of man's defects ; that- feels that as 
the man allows his attention to be engrossed by the 
pebble on the pave, so will he be sensitively alive, to th'e 
externals of kindness, charity and affection, he will be a 
child, acting and thinking like one; make him so, and you 
prepare him for Heaven, for such is the kingdom, and 
thus win a Heavenly crown for yourself. 

We call some thirty-five or forty, (it may be fifty,) 
prisoners, a batch ; one or two hundred would be an 
arrival, a squad we hardly notice. The prisoners alluded 
to, of North Carolina and Georgia volunteers, was quite 
an event, and we compliment them with the title of an 
"arrival." They came in, attracting much attention, by 
their fine bearing, handsome uniforms, and general 
martial appearance, and as a whole, are the best looking 
"crowd" that have honored us with their presence. 
Among them we notice some of the best blood of the 
Carolinas, and brightest intellects of Georgia, whose 
gallantry on the field — if we had space for incidents — 
would cause a glow of pride to rise to the cheek of every 
lover of the South, and heroic deeds. As in all wars, 
where renown is to be gained by acts of chivalry, so in 
this, the Celtic element is found, one of whose brightest 
ornaments stands before us, six feet, two inches in height, 
standing as firm as Roderick Dim, is Lieutenant Christo- 
pher Hussey, of the Montgomery Guards, of Savannah, 
Georgia. He was born in Ireland, in 1820, arrived in 
Georgia, 1841, became thoroughly Southern, and en- 
tered the service* of the Confederate Slates, to aid in 




■ V 



SCRAPS FROM THE PRISOX TABLE. 163 

checking the encroachments of a fanatical domination, 
whom, he says, will entail the same miseries upon the 
South, that their parent, that accursed despotism, has 
inflicted Ireland with. Lieutenant Hussey was captured 
at Fort Pulaski, April 11th, 1862. 

Colonel H. Olmstead, First Volunteer Regiment of 
Georgia. This gallant officer's defense of Fort Pulaski. 

DO 

is a matter of history ; he is a gentleman, in or out of 
prison ; like all brave men, he is a lamb in peace, in war, 
a lion. Colonel C. M. Avery, Thirty-third Regiment, 
North Carolina Troops. Colonel Avery is one of your 
grand, old-fashioned North Carolina gentlemen, repre- 
senting a large landed estate. He espoused the Southern 
cause, strictly in a spirit of patriotism, and one can see 
from his manly appearance, the stern and inflexible 
patriot. He is resigned to his situation, yet is anxious to 
be once again at the head of bis regiment, that is now 
with North Carolina, gallantly assisting in driving the 
invader from their hearths. North Carolina may well be 
proud of her representative in prison, as few circles are 
adorned with a brighter social element, than the noble 
Avery. 

Major John Foley, First Georgia Volunteers, is a 
native of Ireland, and having suffered from English op- 
pression in that country, has drawn his sword in defense 
of the South, to save her from the degraded condition of 
his own down-trodden "Green Isle." He is a gallant 
Irishman, with the generosity and courage so character- 
istic of his race. Captain F. W. Simms, of same regi- 
ment. Captain Simms is one of the most sprightly in- 
tellects in prison, has been connected with the press of 
Georgia for years, and to his pen we are indebtod for 
many substantial articles, in defense of Southern interests. 
Among the other distinguished officers present, are H. 
C. Freeman, first lieutenant, Oglethrope Light In- 
fantry; J. D. N. Sutton, second lieutenant, Wise 
Guard, formerly of Wise Legion, transferred to the 
Twenty-fifth Regiment, Georgia Volunteers, December 
7, 1861, thence to First Volunteer Regiment of Georgia, 
February 11, 1862 ; Second Lieutenant A. G. McArthur, 



164 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 

Washington Volunteer Regiment, Georgia; George W. 
Tennet, engineer corps, Confederate States Navy; 
Lieutenant Charles H. H. Uinbrock, First Georgia ; 
Lieutenanant John J. Symons, First Georgia; Captain 
Eobert D. Walker, Confederate States Army, of Georgia ; 
Captain R. W. Brown, Eighteenth North Carolina, 
captured at Hanover Court House, a gentleman whose 
heart is in his hand, and one of the best behaved gentle- 
men in prison, an ornament to the service, and a social 
treasure to his friends. Second Lieutenant B. Werner, 
First Georgia. Werner, like our friend Umbrock, is 
German. The Americans are too prone to call every 
German a d — d Dutchman. The Dutch come from a 
very small district, whereas Germany is composed of 
thirty-eight States, that have given us a host of eminent 
painters, lawyers, theologiaus, historians and mechanics, 
comprising a citizenship, that we are glad to welcome to 
our own shores, among which class, our two friends occupy 
an enviable social position. Mathew H. Hopkins, First 
Georgia ; Robert Erwin, captain and quarter-master, 
Confederate States Army; John A. Blaine, second lieu- 
tennant, Twenty-fifth Georgia ; T. W. Manniford, same 
regiment; Samuel D. Zane, lieutenant, same regiment, 
captured at Hanover Court House, May 27, 1862 ; N. 
Bohannon, first lieutenant, Twenty-eighth Regiment, 
North Carolina Volunteers ; J. W. Vinson, second lieu- 
tenant, North Carolina Volunteers, captured at New- 
bern, North Carolina, March 14, 1862 ; Lieutenant R. 
L. Steele, Thirty-seventh Regiment, North Carolina 
Volunteers; J. N. Anderson, second lieutenant, Thirty- 
third Regiment, North Carolina Volunteers ; Lieutenant 
Christopher Murphy, Captain J. M. McMahon, First 
Georgia, captured at Fort Pulaski, April 11, 1862; 
Captain T. W. Mayhew, Thirty-third Regiment, North 
Carolina Volunteers ; S. W. Stowe, captain, Twenty- 
eighth North Carolina Volunteers ; Captain Oscar R. 
Rand, Twenty-sixth North Carolina Volunteers ; M. T. 
Farthing, captain, Thirty-seventh North Carolina Vol- 
unteers ; First Lieutenant R. C. Hanser, Thirty-third 
North Carolina Volunteers ; Lieutenant J. S. Eggars, 



SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 165 

37£h North Carolina Volunteers; Lieutenant William A. 
Stewart, Thirty- Seventh North Carolina; Lieutenant C. 
Scott, Twenty-eighth North Carolina Volunteers ; Lieu- 
tenant John Baily, Company B, Chalmette Rifles, Fifth 
Louisiana Volunteers, captured on -the Chick ahominy, 
May 24, 1862. I have given an extended notice of the 
gentlemen mentioned, having been attracted to them by 
their high-toned deportment, and soldierly bearing. 

Onr prison has seemed more cheerful, since their 
arrival. They have an excellent club of amateur musi- 
cians, who enliven our moonlight nights, with the guitar 
and Ante. Their good behavior is of general comment 
and they are welcome to our pen. 



166 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 



CHAPTER VI, 



AN INCIDENT CONCERNING THE iCOMMERCIAL INTERESTS OF THE 
SOUTH.— THE ZOUAVE DETACHMENT OF JOHNSON'S ISLAND.— MILI- 
TARY LOG-ROLLING, AND SOME POLITICAL INCIDENTS.— VANITY 
OF THE AUTHOR.— '-ALL IS VANITY."— HON. JAMES B. JONES, DOU- 
GLAS, AND OTHERS.— WHAT I SAW AND HEARD IN PARIS. 

CROSSING from New 7 York to Brooklyn, some years 
ago, I met with one of those incidents, that often 
occur to travelers, and by which they are taught to see 
the necessity, 'for always being on the look-out for swin- 
dlers. The incident, however, to which I allude, was one 
of much service to me, and by which I acquired more 
information, at less expense, than is usually the fortune 
with susceptible gentlemen, who too frequently travel with 
more money than brains, and who are generally gonial 
and familiar, not realizing that familiarity with superiors 
is indiscreet, with inferiors to suffer an indignity, and it 
is a difficult matter, to select your equals in a jostling, 
moving crowd. I had reached the middle .of the ferry, 
when a venerable looking gentleman, encased in a seedy 
suit of black, with white cravat, and a portfolio under Ins 
arm, accosted me, in a bland, persuasive manner : 

" Lovely day, sir." 

" Yes." 

" Ah, from the South." 

" Yes, sir. Why do you think so ?'•' 

" You speak broader than- we do, sir. I hope, sir, you 
will excuse this intrusion, but knowing the literary taste 
'of the South, I always endeavor to make my largest list 
of subscribers represent that section, which we of the 



SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 1G7 

North, who are debarred its enchanting domain, look upon 
as the promised land." 

" You are complimentary, sir." 

" Ah, no ; me South is the future base of operations, 
for this progressive continent. She has an area of terri- 
tory, less some few hundred miles, equal to our own. Look 
at Texas, six times larger than the State you are now in. 
Can you imagine the future of such a territorial power '( 
Give her the ratio of population to the square mile, that 
we find in Belgium, four hundred, and what an empire 
you make of the 'lone star State.' Of the three thou- 
sand millions of production, forty-five per cent, is South- 
ern, sixty per cent, of the exports of the country are from 
the same source. The importations of the country, a greal 
part of which is for Southern consumption, only ten per 
cent, of it is introduced through Southern ports. We in the 
North have everything in our own hands. We import for 
you, and export for you, make your wardrobe and your toi- 
let, which should impress you with the fact, that producing 
regions are always in a state of vassalage to their trading 
neighbors, of amanufacturing, shipping, and mechanical 
interest North, as is exhibited in revolutionary Mexico, 
the West Indies, and Brazil. And it seems strange, that 
with so complete a theory, as when you bring the pro- 
ducer and consumer together, you realize the last, which 
is the greatest price, to the former, the latter obtaining 
his supplies at the first, which is the least price, that your 
section will not endeavor to establish a commercial chain, 
uniting you to the continent of Europe. You have had 
the political influence of Congress, of the Cabinet, and of 
foreign representation, and you have accomplished noth- 
ing, and why? because, while you have had power, yon 
have not preserved its balance, which is trade, which re- 
solves into interest, and ultimately into a balance of politi- 
cal power. The sails of England dot every collection of 
water between the poles. Her commercial drum follows 
the sun. Look at her efforts in our own country, granting 
subsidies to steamship lines, for trade purposes, one item, 
in particular, of eight thousand dollars per trip, to the 
Montreal and Liverpool line of steamers. The legislation 



168 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 

of the English government, is identical with the commer- 
cial prosperity of the country, the strength of her mo- 
narchy, the wisdom of her aristocracy, are united with her 
honest democracy, on trade questions, if no other. She 
has profited by the experience of the ' Hanseatic League,' 
and other past lights of the commercial world, and is now 
reaping the benetits, derived from a proper consideration 
of this powerful element, in a nation's prosperity. 

" In 1820, we inaugurated a system of manufacturing, 
that has grown to a consumption of nearly a million bales 
of cotton, thus driving -out the English supply of heavy 
cottons. Our' Globe,' 'Dnnnel,' ' Sprague,' 'Merriinac,' 
and other prints, compete successfully with those of Great 
Britain. John Bull is aware of our competing progress, 
and trembles for his prestige on this continent. 

" England is a great power, and must be watched, as the 
influences of Exeter Hall lights, that shine in the befogged 
atmosphere of London, will spare no means to accomplish 
the object she has in view. She has no attachment for 
America, her sympathies are with the North, through 
commercial alliances, and she will sacrifice all, North 
and South, to benefit her trade. Proving to us, as she has 
to the rest of the world, that she is the commercial 
Jesuit of the nineteenth century. Let us see what this 
most christian nation, "so called," has done to attempt 
the* destruction of our country, she emancipated the 
slaves in the West Indies, not from the mere considera- 
tions, but for the effect it would have upon the institution 
in this country, in attracting the masses of Europe to a 
contemplation of the subject. Finding that this process was 
too slow, she attempted the destruction of our cotton in- 
terests, by introducing its cultivation in the East Indies, 
hoping that cheap labor would equalize uncertain crops 
and defective stable, and by underselling dethrone King 
Cotton in America, in all of which she has signally failed. 
1 have the proof that every pound of cotton, raised in the 
East Indies, from 1840 to 1850, cost the British Govern- 
ment one guinea per pound, yet she continues her efforts, 
and from the year 1800 to the present time, no half dozen 
successive, regular crops, have been produced in the East 



SCEAPS FEOM THE PRISON TABLE. 169 

Indies. One season 35,000,000 pounds, another 80,000,000 
pounds, another 240,000,000 pounds, then back to 120,- 
000,000 pounds, then again up to 400,000,000 pounds, 
until at last she has attained 1,500,000,000 or 2,000,- 
000,000 pounds, (these figures are approximating ones.) 
With such an irregular production, it is impossible!" or her 
spinners to anticipate orders, and they must wait until 
the crop of the Inches is ascertained, and hence mnst look 
to the South for their regular supply. All political econ- 
omists know that the cotton area is within parallel, 30 
and 35 degrees, is a belt 2,000 miles long and 24 .niles 
wide, extending from the Atlantic to the Pacific, and out 
of these limits cotton can not be raised in perfection. 
Indian, African, and Brazilian efforts will prove fruitless, 
and the whole world must ultimately look to the South 
for its supply of cotton. It may seem strange at first 
glance that cotton is so local in its attachments, but the 
same rule, it will be found, will apply to all valuable pro- 
ducts. Tea comes from China, the best coffee from 
Java, Mocha, and Rio, the best wines from France, a 
peculiar kind from Madeira, Holland for gin, England for 
beer, Brazil for diamonds, Mexico for silver, California 
for gold, each in their places, have their own specialities 
of production and manufacture, convincing us that it is 
the object of creation, that all shall be dependent, yet 
harmonious, and that the demand of one shall be answered 
by a supply from the other. We see it in our own coun- 
try, certain States produce cotton, Louisiana produces 
sugar, South Carolina produces rice, and Virginia pro- 
duces tobacco. It is strictly a law of nature that makes 
man a dependant, either as an individual, or in a national 
sense, and this dependence is most palpable, when affected 
by the laws of trade which are as fixed as those of the 
" Medes and Persians." Cotton is not King, but trade is, 
and until the South takes the commercial interest of her 
people more to heart, ceases to think of political pro- 
gression and the self-aggrandizement of leaders, she will 
never compete with the North, who have the nuineric.il 
strength, and balance of trade, which you now understand 
is the balance of power, and if the South does succeed in 
12 



170 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 

breaking the chain, that now binds her, she will be merely 
transferred to another state of vassalage, having her com- 
mercial shackles forged by the hands of France and Eng- 
land. The South can only escape these dangers, by wise 
and prompt commercial legislation. Am I right, sir ?" 

I answered, "Yes, to a certain degree," somewhat im- 
pressed with the old gentleman's reasoning, but the South 
has ever looked to New York city, as the "Mecca" of her 
merchants, Saratoga and Cape May, have been her " Spa," 
and " Baden Baden," and so potent are these influences when 
exerted on our people, that should a war break out be- 
tween the sections to-morrow, and continue five years, one 
year after its cessation southern merchants would buy dry 
goods in New York or Philadelphia, brogans in Boston, 
soap, whiskey and candles in Cincinnati,* all owing to 
the capital of the North, which enables them to grant 
long credits. The planter makes a good crop, his surplus 
is invested in Negroes, the northern man places his profits 
in trade, and holds the lever, by which he moves the com- 
mercial interests of the country, to his own enriching. 
The south is not energetic enough, she is too much afraid 
of stocks and improvements, and does not seem to study 
political econemy as faithfully as she does political histo- 
ries, however, better days may come, when the South, 
true to herself, she will arise from her lethargic state, and 
occupy the true position nature has intended her, that of 
an independent producing region, and if dependent, it is from 
choice, not from necessity. At this point in the conversa- 
tion we neared the wharf, when the old gentleman re- 
newed his original subject, informing me he had expended, 
and the greater portion of his life, in compiling the work 
aforesaid, that he was so zealous in distributing, and he 
felt confident, that from his past success, he would meet 
with sufficient patronage in the future, to justify his efforts, 

He referred me to his list of subscribers, in which 
figured foreigners of distinction, senators, and diplomats, 
and hoped to have the pleasure of adding my name to the 



* The war is over, and the author's prediction is verified. " They " do huy 
soap, whiskey, and candles, in Cincinnati. The laws of trade are among the 
most immutable of all material matters. 



SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 171 

list. I responded, by ordering two copies, which seemed to 
please my venerable book-agent, who remarked, as we 
stepped upon the shore, with a smile, that seemed to indi- 
cate an innate virtue in the man, " Shall I mark you paid 
in advance." I was dumbfounded, and could not avoid 
the not classical answer, " nary time," and we both dis- 
appeared in the crowd. Suppose he tried one hundred 
persons a day, and met with one success, it was ample 
remuneration, as the subscription price to this mythical 
work was five dollars. He taught me much in relation to 
the duties of the South, and, I think, he deserved the five, 
although his object was to swindle me. 

The Zouave squad, at Johnson's island, was composed 
of six of the most chivalric denizens of that lovely isle. 
It was the intention of the gentlemen, comprising the 
nucleus of this formitable coalition, to have organized a 
corps, rivalling Billy Wilson's " Houghs" or Ellsworth's 
" pets" in drill, but circumstances have altered the pro- 
gramme. As comparisons are odious, I will not accord to 
any individual, the distinguished honor of lathering this 
organization, but merely give the names of the members, 
as I found them. M. Burke,* (spoken of in another 
"scrap,") whose war-cry was " Faugh, a ballah." Lieu- 
tenant John Morton,f of artillery. Lieutenant Morton is 



* M. Burke, the last I saw of him was on the deck of a Mississippi steamer, 
amusing himself in assisting to " wood." 

f Captain John W. Morton, from his release to the close of the war, per- 
formed the part of a gallant soldier. Modest, unassuming, and courageous, 
he was the most perfect specimen of the soldier and gentleman, the war pro- 
duced. The following letter, from one who knew kirn well, is attached to 
show, that " Bedford Forrest never mistook his man : 

"Head-quarters, Military Department Forrest's Cavalry Corps, 7 ' 
" Gainsville, Alabama, May 10, 1863. ) 

"Dear Sir : — It affords me pleasure, to report the following to you of the 
conduct of your son, Captain John W. Morton, Jr. 

" He was ordered to report to me for duty by General Bragg, to take charge 
of my Horse Artillery, in November, 1862. " His appearance was so youthful, 
and form so frail, (wishing stout, active men for my service,) I at first hesi- 
tated to receive him, but coming so well recommended by Colonel Hollen- 
quert, General Bragg's chief of artillery ; Major Graves, General Breckeuridge's 
chief of artillery, and others, I concluded to try him; having learned he was 
first lieutenant of 'Porter's' famous Tennessee battery, which surrendered 
at Fort Donaldson, February 16th, 1862 ; was highly complimented by General 
Buckner in his official report, and received from General Buckner the high 
appallation of ' gallant Lieutenant Morton, our heartless boy.' 

" I gave him command of a section of artillery, and moved with my first 
raid into West Tennessee, in December, 1862, and soon captured o^her guns, 



172 SCRAPS FROM THE TRISON TABLE. 

from Nashville, Tennessee, son of Dr. Morton, a most dis- 
tinguished physicians of that city. He is one of the most 
perfect gentlemen in prison, the soul of honor, and one of 
the most promising officers in the army. The Zouaves sup- 
posed that "Johnny Morton" would make a good member. 
Sanders Sale is also of the artillery, was w T ounded at 
Donaldson, is a brave soldier, and of a character to make 
friends and enemies. Captain A. S. Levy is a South 
Carolinian, whose character is given in another " scrap;" 
Captain Farabee, who is also mentioned in another 
" scrap." The above gallant gentlemen, with the author, 
formed the Zouave squad. 

We began our first offensive operations, on the night 
of the 27th of May, 1862. The night was happily adapted 
to our peculiar performance, the rain poured, the darkness 
was profound and impenetrable. Our uniform and out-lit 
was characteristic of the night's movements : three coats, to 
keep us dry ; crackers, to appease the stomach's cravings : 
a hatchet, to keep off " cerulean apparitions," that might 
confront us ; and with a saw, rope, and a bottle of cognac, 
to fortify with, we moved to the front. But, to be serious, 
our little party of six were in prison, and anxious to escape. 
We had prepared to saw out, and had, as we supposed, 
arranged things to perfection. Our programme was, as 
follows : Burke took the lead, with the saw, having us in 
communication, by a rope, which he was to pull, as soon 
as the sawing w T as completed. The cause of our being 
called Zou-zou's, is attributed to John Morton, who, on 
being instructed by his uncle, Lieutenant Banks, (a highly 



and placed him in command of the battery ; and during this expedition, the 
gallant and efficient manner in which he handled his guns, won my confidence 
and esteem. He has been constantly with me since, in all my engagements, 
never absent from his post of duty, apparently happier when in the thickest 
of the fight. He has held with great credit, for twelve months past, the 
position of chief of artillery of my corps. By his soldierly bearing, generous 
disposition, atfable mtmners, 6trict attention to duty and the welfare of his 
men, uniform and true gallantry on so many fields, has made him many 
friends, and you may justly be proud of such a son. He was with the troops 
of this department, surrendered his ' old ' battery, one of the best equipped 
and finest in the service. 

" I deeply sympathize with him, and wish him much success and happiness 
in any vocation in after life. 

" Yours, most respectfully, 

"N. B. Forrest, Lieutenant General. 

" Dr. John W. Morton." 



SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 173 

esteemed officer, and whose absense from the army will 
be sensibly felt,) replied, " Never mind me, I'm a Zou-zou, 
and aufait on scaling, climbing, or leaping." In proof of 
which, the, enthusiastic Zouave commenced sprawling, 
squatting, finishing volite a la Mobile. The writer, with 
a hatchet, was to exercise in the " parries," in prime, in 
second, in right, high prime, and left ditto, thrust, lunge, 
and etc. But again to facts. We crawled one hundred 
and fifty yards, through the wet grass, in a drenching 
rain. We crawled breathlessly, as the sentinels were 
ordered to fire on any one seen out after retreat. Never- 
theless — " faint heart never won fair lady," much less 
escaped a prison's bounds — we moved on, dreading our 
attack on the fence, that loomed up in our front, a regular 
"buncombe" one, ("bull strong, horse high, and pig 
tight,") and felt, " we fain would climb, yet fear to fall," 
and as it was high and studded with nails, the feat of 
gaining the crest might entail the loss of our nether gar- 
ments, and remembering the advice of Elizabeth, " if thy 
heart fails thee, climb not at all," and being afraid of 
slips, as the boy at marbles says, when he misses the big 
middler, concluded to call a halt, rallying on Sale, who 
was secure behind his fortification of " Martel's best," 
half of which had been demolished during the attack. 
The night was intensely dark, but our wily captors had 
placed reflectors on either wall of the prison, whose rays 
converged, forming an unbroken line of light, and we felt 
that to cross it would be worse than the Rubicon, and 
instead of the Pontine marshes, swamping us, we would 
have been inevitably swainped. The grass was high, and 
wet, and we were becoming quite uncomfortable, having 
lain in the grass three hours, awaiting a favorable opportu- 
nity to cross the fine of light, when a snakish form wrig- 
gles through the grass, and the pate of Captain Farabee 
glistens in the rays of the two converging reflectors. 
" Hush, the sentinel sees us." " The devil he does; what 
shall we do ?" " What do you say ?" "I am willing to 
do as they say." " Don't tell me what ' they say,'' (ilaron 
Burr.) You are in the lead, you say advance, advance it 
is ; retreat, we'll follow." " Then leap to the rear," 



174 SCRAPS FEOM THE PRISON TABLE. 

which we respond to, by a right, rear, vault, at a " 2.40" 
speed, reaching our quarters, soaked to the skin. Our 
expedition was a failure; the writer being accused of 
having gotten the affair up, for a sensational article. The 
night was one to invoke the pen or pencil of an artist. 
The wind howled, the lake-waves lashing the shore with 
fury, the lone lights from the light-houses, flitting like 
spectres, athwart the dark interval, the white breakers 
rushing madly upon the reef, the noiseless figures in the 
grass, the solitary sentinel in our front, the quick tread of 
the officer of the day, as he made his round, all combined 
to make it a worthy subject for record or canvas. 

The next day, we were all sore, and suffering from bad 
colds, excepting Sale, who had so well fortified himself, 
that he seemed exempt from all external impressions. 
The signal failure of the Zouave squad, has shown us the 
difficulties in the way of making an escape, and we have 
concluded, to wait for the development of other means, 
that may tend to deliver us from bondage, and rehabili- 
tate us, an,d then, in the exercise of those inalienable 
rights of an American citizen — trial by jury, and habeas 
corpus — we may again breathe the pure air of Heaven 
without these prison walls, and feel that all the crimes 
are not committed in the name of Liberty. 

The real cause of the failure of our many attempts to 
escape, is owing to the system of espionage within the 
prison, and that our custodians without were fully posted 
as to our movements within. 

It is ten months, this the 22d day of May, 1862, since 
I entered the army, and became acquainted with, and, 
was initiated into, the military system of log-rolling and 
wire-working, from the start. The thirst for office was 
as inordinate in military circles, as in the tamer atmos- 
phere of politics. The organization of regiments was in 
this wise: A, who has been in Congress, or who has 
held official position, obtains permission to raise a regi- 
ment, promises B a lieutenant-colonency, if he can 
control four companies; another, captain, a majority, for 
three companies ; furnishing three other unambitious 
captains, with the compliments of supplying his staft 



SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 175 

department, from their companies, all of which generally 
culminates, in the command being dissatisfied, with the 
officers thus log-rolled upon them ; however, A is excus- 
able, as all men are, more or less, ambitious. I 
remember my Mend General Leslie Coombs, who is a 
brave and generous man, but has some vanity, and is a 
little ambitious himself; he it was who told John C. 
Breckinridge, "I have done more for my party, and 
received less, and you have done less and received more, 
than any two men alive." The General and myself were 
promenading Chestnut street, in the Quaker city, some 
years since, we stopped at Jones', a famous hotel at that 
time, to take a smile of "old wheat," a beverage for 
which this caterer was celebrated. After testing the 
article, the General became communicative, and gave 
me to understand, that the failure of the conservative 
ticket, at Baltimore, was owing to the absence of his 
name from the ticket. I think his ticket was Sam. 
Houston, of Texas, and Leslie Coombs, of Kentucky. 
This was all the result of ambition and vanity, yet there 
are few men who occupy a higher niche in the hearts of 
their friends, than this venerable soldier and politician of 
Kentucky. Associating with such men as him, Brown- 
low, that political Barnum of the South, and in sitting 
in the same pew at Baltimore, with that nondescript, 
Horace Maynard, of Tennessee, I possibly have become 
inoculated with that disease — ambition. 

Andrew Jackson Donaldson* was another one of my 
political friends. I introduced the major once, to an old 
friend of mine, from New Hampshire, who had read law 
with, and been an intimate friend of, Franklin Pierce. 

" How do you do ?" says the major, " From New 
Hampshire, the same State that d — d rascal Franklin 
Pierce is from ?" 

"I beg pardon, Major Donaldson, I know Franklin 
Pierce well, read law with him, and am assured he is an 
honest man." 

" Well, Mr. Merriam, I may have been abrupt. I can't 

* Major Donaldson is planting in Mississippi ; Merriam practicing law in 
Chicago, Illinois. 



176 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 

swear that he ever stole anything, but you must admit 
that he was a d — d fool." 

" No, no, sir," exclaimed our friend, " I esteem Mr. 
Pierce as a man of mind." 

At this juncture, several friends coming up, the conver- 
sation closed. 

The major told me, the next day, over some " anti- 
Buchanan spirits," as he termed them ; " I was rather 
severe on your friend yesterday. Say to him, that I 
didn't wish to hurt his feelings ; but I can't withold the 
expression of my detestation of Pierce." I felt sorry for 
Merriam, as he was one of the few Yankees, in the many 
I have met, who could pronounce C. O. W. as we spell it. 
Franklin Pierce had his faults, but was one of the most 
consistent politicians the country has produced. It is 
said, that while a member of Congress, at Washington, 
he and a friend were returning to their hotel, in the " wee 
sma" hours of the morning, when an unlucky trip sent 
his friend into the ditch, " who exclaimed, " Frank, help 
me out !" " I can't do that," says the generous and gal- 
lant Pierce, " but I'll come down and stay all night w r ith 
you." After his elevation to the Presidency, among a 
series of entertainments was a private dinner, given to a 
score of personal and political friends, to which his old 
companion in arms in Mexico, Jere Clemens,* was one 
of the most distinguished guests. A few hours, previous 
to dinner, Clemens and Pierce were closeted. They had 
not met since a certain convivial night in the halls of the 
Montezumas, and for several hours " fought their battles 
over again," over porter. This being too weak, a little 
cognac was added. Six p. m. approached, the dinner 
hour, still no abatement, and the guests were waiting, 
the President summoned his private secretary, Sydney 
Webster, excusing himself on the plea of illness. He 
requested Mr. Webster to assume his place, at the table. 
I asked Clemens, to whom I am indebted for this incident, 
how he came to be senator from Alabama. " Plain 
enough. I was in Mexico, colonel of infantry fifteen 

* Jere Clemens, deceased. 



SCEAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE 177 

months, and on my return, my friends found I was fit for 
nothing else, and sent me to the United States Senate." 
But, to return to my being mustered in. I had seen 
so much of the above doings, that I thought my experi- 
ence — with a flesh wound — would give me promotion, 
but have been cut out, and lost my reckoning, by being- 
taken prisoner, and while here, have discovered, that 
ambition is a great humbug, and like the boy with the 
alphabet question, " whether it's worth while to go through 
so much, to learn so little." A man, to rise above the 
mass, or to retain marked individuality, must be a giant 
in some world, moral, physical, or intellectual; must be 
saint, or sinner ; Bonaparte, Caesar, or Wellington ; Cal- 
vin or Voltaire ; Hippocrates, or Valentine Mptt. And 
these men ventured health, life, limb, time, fortune, and 
their soul's salvation, to reach the eminence that made them 
great. There are but few men who are remembered, 
even by their grandchildren ; and I will venture to state, 
that those of my readers who know theirs, are in the 
minority. The discovery of mine has been a matter of 
research. Step into a grandchild's room, twenty-five 
years hence, and ask, whose portrait is that on the wall ? 
" That's my grandfather ; mother says he fought in the 
Revolution of 1861, and was killed at the battle of Shiloh." 
Ten years afterwards, the same portrait may be in the 
garret, to make room for a modern styled one, of a new 
member of the family ; and even you, my reader, if an 
oflicer or soldier, may be killed, and if so, let your ghost 
visit that little cottage a few years after your demise, and 
in the hall, upon the rack, that once held your tile, you 
will discover another chap's hat, stick and umbrella, it 
being possible, that your wife has consoled herself with 
number two. The reflection is not an agreeable one, but 
natural; for what a widow can't accomplish, is not 
worth striving for. "That's so," and "bevare of them," 
says old Weller; another argument, (the above,) against 
seeking the "bubble reputation at the cannon's mouth." 
As for myself, I am satisfied, and have arrived at the 
conclusion, "I had rather be a live jackass, than a dead 
lion.'" Therefore, I feel that my imprisonment is of 



178 SCEAPS FEOM THE PEISON TABLE. 

real benefit, for while it has brought time for reflection, 
it has also enabled me to discriminate, what was worthy 
in the past, and what should be left to the gullibility of 
the present. I shall, in future, try and be politically 
honest, and retire from the scenes of this busy, pseudo, 
political, whiskey-headed, card-playing, theatre-going, 
late-supper-eating, humbuging, outer world, that is, when 
I get out, if I'm not corrupted from within. Well, you 
may say, "that's vanity," so say I, so says the preacher, 
'all is vanity." 

Speaking of vanity, reminds the author of some little 
of his own. In 1850, while James C. Jones* was using 
his efforts to have the Memphis and Charlestown rail- 
road built, aided by James Robb, of New Orleans, I 
happened to meet him while in that city, he there for the 
purpose of making one of Ins railroad speeches, my os- 
tensible object in visiting the Crescent City, was to hear 
the world-renowned Jenny Lind, the Swedish nightingale. 
I had listened to the trills and cadences of Pedrioti and 
Fanti, Bishop Hayes, Biscacianti, Cariadora, Allen, 
Parodi, and a number of others, and having a passion for 
song, traveled twelve hundred miles to hear " Lind." I 
can never forget my feelings of satisfaction, after having 
breakfasted at Moreau's, lunched at Bonifan's, dined at 
Victor's, quaffed little potions at Sazerae and the Gem, 
and then having been tonsorially prepared by Rollins, I 
stepped into the lobby of the St. Charles theatre,, the 
scene of many a star's triumph, before the exquisite taste 
of the Creoles of Louisiana. 

I soon found myself in the "pit," which was a jam, as 
was all parts of the building. I sat in salmon tie, unblem- 
ished vest, and spotless kids, w T ith an elegant opera glass in 
rest, and felt that I had the "world in a sling." In gazing 
round the dress circle, at the beauties of a dozen States, 
who had traveled by every conveyance, thousands of miles 
to pay homage to the northern birdUng,) it suddenly 
Hashed o'er my mind, that I was the centre of attraction, 
and the objective point of hundred leveled glasses. I 

♦Governor Jones died at Memphis, Tennessee. 



SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 179 

eould not make up my mind, whether it was my good 
looks, or style, as I could not attribute it to anything 
else, not being old or wise enough, to have figured in the 
many worlds of fashion, science, politics, or religion. The 
supposed triumph was too much for me, and I retired, to 
recuperate with a " brandy smash," after which I resumed 
my seat, inflamed with self, puffed up with vanity, feeling 
like Alexander, when he had conquered his last world. 
But it was a delusive wand that had touched me, the 
enchanting one of vanity, and it turned my transparent 
head around, where sat immediately in my rear, " Lean 
Jimmy," formerly governor, senator, and one of the 
noblest men in the South, the observed of all observers, 
in company with Colonel David Leatherman,* one of the 
handsomest men in the South ; my feathers fell in a trice, 
and I have been a modest man ever since. Speaking of 
Leatherman, reminds me of one of his eccentricities. On 
remarking he would stump the State of Tennessee, from 
Shelby to Carter, during a late political canvass, he was 
asked upon what issues. " Ah, that's the question," says 
the prudent politician, a non-committal position that he 
still adheres to. All great men are not modest, who 
would imagine that Cobden, the great English statesman, 
with white cravat, and eyes as meek as a child, to be a 
joker. Some time since, we met Cobden, in Paris, at one 
of Charles J. Faulkner's receptions, at which there were 
the- Persian ambassadors, Commodore Stewart's widow 
and son ; W. P. Smith and bride, representing the elite 
of Philadelphia ; the Emory's, of Cincinnati, a charming 
family ; Miss Preston, of Kentucky, forming with Miss 
Goodrich, of New Orleans, a galaxy of fashion and beauty, 
unequalled in any of the salons of Europe. C. J. Faulk- 
ner was a Virginian of the old school, and knew how to 
make " apple toddy," to which I paid my devoirs, assisted 
by Judge McKinstry, of California, and Major Brownlee, 
St. Louis, since dead, "peace to his ashes." He be- 
came a sympathizer with the South, was banished St. 
Louis under a vandal order, with only four days' notice. 

*Leatherman is, as usual, anticipating a happy political future, yet a most 
companionable gentleman. 



180 SCEAPS FROM THE PEISON TABLE. 

This great grief, added to a feeble constitution, killed one 
of the best men that ever adorned the commercial circles 
of that city. While the " toddies " were flowing, I was 
introduced to Mr. Cobden, who was " pleased to know 
that I was from the West." 

" You Western people are wild speculators, your whole 
system of hypothecation on land is dangerous, you have 
invested largely in them, with credit as a base of opera- 
tions, and your crops having failed for several years, you 
are bankrupt, and in fact," says this model of the stoical 
Englishman, this mild and urbane Briton, "you remind 
me very much of a gentleman caught out, without his 
unmentionables." 

I was astonished, and felt conscious that all men 'are 
fond of quaint expressions, but this quaint expression is 
like much of our modern prose and poetry, borrowed. 

By referring to the files of old newspapers, or the 
original works of original authors, you will be reminded 
of the resemblance between the literary treats of the 
present and of the past, changed, and garbled, so that 
the originators would not know the sermon, while they 
created the text. There is very little that is original, 
"except original sin," and I much prefer simplicity and 
some little impurity of diction, with not so much perspi- 
cuity, and more originality. Stephen A. Douglas, was 
an original thinker, and deep as the ocean in his political 
subtleties, yet as artless as a child, in his impulses. lu a 
conversation with him once, at Washington, I remarked, 

"Your Squatter Sovereignty, Mr. Douglas, has cast a 
lire-brand among your Southern friends." 

' ' It was not my intention, sir, I am for peace. " 

"Yes," I replied, "you would conquer one." 

At that moment some one beckoned to him, from the 
other side of the Hall of Representatives, (where we were 
conversing,) and excusing himself, skipped off like a boy. 
I am not much of a politician, but if the much mooted 
question, that brought Stephen A. Douglas before the 
country, was not understood by the people, it was 
simply because they had no confidenc in the judgment of 
Daniel Webster, who resolved the whole question into 



SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 181 

one of soil and climate, showing- that where the soil was 
susceptible of slave labor, there it would naturally go. 
After leaving Douglas, I was introduced to Roger A. 
Pryor, of Virginia, now one of our Generals, a polished 
hot-housed political plant* with much brilliancy of classi- 
cal lore, and urbane deportment, and if restrained, 
opportune circumstances may afford him a chance to 
properly employ his talents. The laudations of a crowd, 
who barely understand his trophes and figures, and the 
enthusiasm of his friends has nearly ruined Pryor. In 
America, a man is not born with political character, 
neither must he seek it, rather let it be thrust upon him. 
But all, I repeat, is vanity. I have it in writing this book, 
and like China, I may be injured by my bad verses, but 
I hope not badly kilt. 

I have amused my "mess" with an adventure in 
London, now they claim another from Paris. In 18 — 
I found myself on that splendid effort of the lamented 
George Steers, the peerless Adriatic, en route for France; 
a parting tear, an embrace, the wave of handkerchiefs, a 
few puffs, and we steam out, in a few hours we are off 
Sandy Hook, a few more, and the wide expanse of water 
encircles us, we cast one long, lingering glance, at the 
trackless waste behind, compress our lips, and with a 
sigh, turn our head to the East. 

Sea voyages have been described so often, that we will 
not bore our readers, w r itha repitition of description. We 
were sea-sick, had good and foul weather, and arrived 
safe at Southampton, landed the English mails, and 
passengers, then turned our bow-sprit towards Havre, 
which we reached after a run of seven hours. We leave 
Havre for Paris, passing through Normandy, one of the 
finest farming regions on the earth. They have no 
rugged fences to mar the beauty of the landscape, a 
simple stone marks the boundaries of estates; vast masses 
of foliage, added to the crimson of the fields of dotted 
poppies, the richly laden cherry trees, with their spark- 
ling fruit, peeping from the midst of emerald leaves, 
seem like some old painting. Then the little villages, 
that looked a thousand years old, whose people appeared 



182 SCEAPS FEOM THE PEISON TABLE. 

as if they had slept centuries, and had awakened to con- 
tinue their same routine of daily duties, as of yore. 
They wear the same costumes as those of their patriarchal 
ancestry, but if they retain the quaintness of the antique 
past, in relation to style and habit, they seem to have 
attained the perfection of economy, in its application to 
farming. You will not find a rock, or stick, beneath a 
fruit tree, the smallest cherry is picked from its stem, and 
carefully gathered, without bruise; the limbs of fruit 
trees are trained upon walls of houses and courts, thus 
economizing space: the vegetable is not pulled from the 
soil, as we would jerk up a radish, but a sharp instrument 
is inserted in the ground around each, so as to loosen the 
soil, thus avoiding lacerating the tender fibre of the half 
matured vegetable attached. All is attention and care, for 
while labor is cheap, the laborer receiving from 30 to 40, 
ami the women from 25 to 30 cents per day, while land 
rents, in some instances, as high as sixty dollars per acre: 
the women do the digging, and watering, the men the 
residue. The most remarkable perfection is attained in 
the production of beets, some weighing as much as eighty 
pounds, the sugar produced from them is universally 
used on the continent. 

We leave Normandy, with its famous old towers, and 
its beautiful scenery, described by a myriad of writers of 
all kinds of fry, a majority of the small fry order. There- 
fore, not wishing to be rated with the latter class, we pass 
i >n to Pari-, where much is to be seen. To find Americans, 
you go to the Grand Hotel, the most magnificent, and the 
worst kept in Paris. For elegance and comfort, we go 
to the Grand Hotel d'Louvre, on the Rue Rivoli. You 
leave the hotel, drive out the Rivoli, cross the Place du 

1 mcorde, look at the site of the guillotine, now sur- 
mounted by an Egyptian obilisk of Luxor, of the time of 
Seostris, 3,000 years ago. You leave this beautiful 
square, and continue out the champs Elysees, to the Bois 
d'Bologne. Here you have some of the most magnificent 
w^rks of art, to be found upon the globe — lakes, cascades, 
a miniature Niagara, artificial banks of roses, which fasci- 
nate you, even to wearisomeness ; and you turn to gaze upon 



SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 183 

the brilliant scene of vehicles, comprising phcetons, car- 
riages, ventures remises, filled with the beauty and fashion 
of Paris, from mi Lord and Lady to the Lorettes and 
Grrisettes. Here comes the Emperor, Empress, and Prince 
Imperial, and in a few moments, followed by a butcher in 
his cart, the Bois d'Bologne knows no social distinction, 
and Louis Xapoleon is a better democrat, than t\v. '-thirds 
of those gentlemen at Washington, who are " ringing- 
little bells." and having honest men dragged from their 
beds at the dead hour of night, and sent we know not 
where. For amusement, you can go to the opera, or to 
the jardin — Mabile or the Chateau d'Fleurs, and a hun- 
dred places, useless to mention 

There are a thousand sights to be seen in Paris, to see 
either of which, is worth the trouble of an Atlantic voyage. 
We saw many of them, and returned to our hotel, fatL 
and thirsty, and while recuperating, under the influence of 
some of Martel's best, we were approached by another strange 
gentleman, this time in brown. He took a seat vis a 
and also called for a glass of cognac, as in Europe you 
are not expected to invite every gentleman who sits near 
to drink with you. The same rule applies at a restaurant. 
If you invite a person to dine with you, it is understood 
that the expense is divided. This is general ; there are 
special cases, however. You frequently fall into conver- 
sation with gentlemen sitting near you, as I did in this 
instance : thence into an argument, he assuming the nega- 
tive, to my positive assertion, of the superiority of the 
nineteenth century. 

" The world is not fitted for progression ; a principle 
i if truth and virtue, which as yet have not been cardinal 
points in the world's history. In this sphere all forms 
may change, but the original substance remains the same. 
In- one era, you dwell with wonder upon the art that cre- 
ated the "hanging gardens of Semiramis ; in another, the 
world looks on, in amazement, at the apparently super- 
human efforts that raised the Pyramids. The baths of 
< 'aracalla were marvels of genius in one age : Grallileo 
brings out the telescope, thus extending man's vision into 
the mysteries of the stella universe. Where do we get our 



184 SCRAPS FEOM THE PRISON TABLE. 

architectural beauties : the simple and massive Doric : 
the severe beauty of the Ionic ; the elegant Corinthian, 
and the Italian, Tuscan, and Composite, with the grandeur 
of the Gothic, but in the past ? The Archimedean screw 
and burning reflectors ; the triumphs of skill, in engineer- 
ing, and chemicals of one period ; the Chinese wall, and 

< ither wonders of the genius of the past, applied to differ- 
ent ages, satisfy us, that in those fields of inventive and 
mechanical, genius, the nineteenth century finds an un- 
questioned superiority. Homer flourished in one age : 
Solon of Athens, Periander of Corinth, Bias of Priene, 
and Lycurgus, had their periods of poetry, philosophy, 
and law-giving ; iEsculapius and Hippocrates initiated 
the science of medicine; Xenophon made the most memo- 
rable of retreats ; Cesar, Pompey, Hannibal, Scipio, 
Atilla, Alexander, and Xerxes, distinguished themselves 
as warriors, at different epochs, and have left perr.tual 
monuments of the generations that produced them. vV'om- 
an has added the genius of her nature, and has contributed 
to make remarkable, the eras that have tank into the 
oblivion of the past. Semiramis Cleopatra, Joan of Arc. 
Cornelia, Charlotte Corday, and a host of famous author- 
esses, poetesses, and amazons of power and talent, have 
illumined with their greatness, the generations in which 
they flourished. The Iron, Brazen, and Golden ages, 
have all had their periods of Rebellion and Revolution ; 

< »f men, and women, great and small ; of Bonaparte and 
D'Stael ; of Washington and Hemans, and in our day, 
of Howard and Nightingale. 

"As to any great men in politics of to-day, there are 
two, Napoleon and Bismark, in America none. In mili- 
tary circles, Bazaine, who sacrificed himself rather than 
disturb the prestige of his Emperor ; George B. 
McClellan, whose military genius would have adorned any 
period, and Robert E. Lee,* the master military spirit of 
the age, heroic even in his defeat. 

" We are not benefitted by the light of the past, as is 
usually accepted, nor by the experience of others, there- 

* Robert E. Lee. (is now 18G8,) President of Washington College, Virginia. 



SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 185 

fore the wisdom of nineteen centuries is lost upon us, and 
we are indebted to the intelligence furnished us by that 
< Jreat Being, who gives to us, as to each i >ther century, things 
agreeable to His will, and adapted to the wants of each. 
Were it not so, Mexico would profit by her fifty-six Revolu- 
tions, and the many different governments of Europe, by 
past political convulsions, that have cost millions of treasure, 
and the sacrifice of a myriad of lives, and in America, our 
system is the result of success, obtained through the murder 
and robbery of the red man. All human government is 
imperfect, the most perfect organized society is not secure, 
the dearest of ties, domestic, social, political, or religious: 
are disturbed and broken through man's incapacity to 
control his passions, all of which proves to our mind, the 
fallacy of that theory of human legislation, which pro- 
poses, by its workings, to insure the greatest amount of 
,_ood to the greatest number, and satisfies us, that govern- 
ment is not the result of Revolution, but Revolution is a 
consequence of government, and as long as the world 
stands originals will exist, while derivatives may change 
their forms." 

"You have satisfied me, sir. the negative has it, with 

this exception, that the 'bad whiskey,' sold in the caffes 

of Paris, and represented as the best ' Old Bourbon,' has 

never had, nor never will have, its equal, in any centurv." 

13 



180 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 



CHAPTER VII, 



THE "LONE STAR " STATE— TURCHIN IN ALABAMA " OUT-HERODING " 
BUTLER IN LOUISIANA.— WM. G. RROWNLOW, THE "BARNUM" OP 
THE SOUTH.— GRAPE- VINE LINE ACTIVE.— THE "FOURTH ESTATE" 
IN PRISON.— nOW WE OBTAIN STIMULANTS.— GREAT EXCITEMENT 
IN CAMP.— CONFEDERATES REPORTED VICTORIOUS.— THE MUNIFI- 
CENCE OF OUR CUSTODIANS.— OUR LAUNDRY.— HUMAN NATURE 
IN BREAD CHUNKS.— EDWIN M. STANTON, SECRETARY OF WAR.— 
ARRIVAL OF CIVILIANS.— MURDER OF A PRISONER BY A SENTI- 
NEL.— BIG GATE.— THEY STOLE MY WHISKEY, AND ROBBED PETER 
TO PAY PAUL.— JOKE ON OUR CUSTODIANS.— PICNICIANS ON THE 
RAMPAGE. 

¥E have thirty -two officers in prison from Texas. To 
the traveler, who has been in the wilds of Texas, 
the distino-uishino- of these brave and daring men from 
the natives of other States, as he traverses our campus, is 
no difficult task. One of the most remarkable characters 
from Texas, with us, is Lieutenant D. P. Gallagher. He 
has held his own, in every circle in which he has ever 
figured — California, Nicaragua, thence into the fields of 
Texas, then a soldier, now a prisoner. " Texas," as we 
call him, is as little susceptible of change as any prisoner 
in the pen ; has a head and hand shaped right, for " pok- 
er," of which game he is the acknowledged chief; and 
he is a perfect specimen of the men of that soil, that has 
been watered by the blood of Crockett, Travis, and Bowie. 
The other Texans with us are a distinguished body of 
officers, who will make their mark, whenever time and 
place offers an opportunity. 

The following are those personally known to us : Ser- 
geant S. F. Moody, Captain W. S. Moody, Lieutenant 
C. F. Moore, Lieutenant W. McAlpine, Lieutenant J. C. 
Lowe, Lieutenant G. B. Lipscomb, Lieutenant J. D. 



SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 187 

Henderson, Robert H. High, Wm, T. Harris, Lieutenant 
A. Ford, Lieutenant J. H. English, Lieutenant S. P. 
Donnelly, Adjutant W. D. Daylen, Lieutenant J. H. Col- 
let, Lieutenant J. H. Coven, Lieutenant J. M. Craig, 
Lieutenant Thomas 13. Camp, Captain J. W. Brown, Cap- 
tain H. M. Bradheart, George A. Blain, George F. Boley, 
Captain E. F Broughton, Lieutenant E. Ballinger, Lieu- 
tenant T. J. Bell. 

We have sad news in prison to-day from Alabama, 
relating to abominable atrocities, committed at Athens, 
in that State, by a horde of barbarians, under the imme- 
diate command of Colonel lurching the same miscreant, 
who disgraced the name of soldier in Missouri, committing 
excesses, that the soul of civilization revolts at. Let this 
officer and his command be remembered by the gallant 
sons of Alabama. Let them inscribe upon their banners, 
" Victory or death, over all such murderers as Turchin 
and his command, those violators of children, robbers, and 
assassins, authors of crimes so monstrous, that human 
nature revolts at their recital, Butler, the 'beast,' and 
T urchin, the 'American Hay nau.'" (The Austrian tyrant 
merely lashed women ; this would be a mild offense 
for Turchin.) 

William G. Brownlow,* the " Barnum " of the South. 
This arrant " humbug," now perambulating the gullible 
North, is hardly worth a few lines ; but as he has attracted 
some attention, by the publication of a huge volume of 
blackguardisms, and vituperative falsehoods, it would seem 
vain to overlook him. This blasphemer is politically 
what the French call a "charlatan," good society a "black- 
guard," the rabble a " brick." He says, he never took a 
" drink" in his life. His little, weazened and cadaverous 
features show the absence of that soul, that incites a man, 
to indulge in a " little wine for the stomach's sake." He 
says, he does not use tobacco. This we also believe, as 

* No greater scoundrel than the present Governor of Tennessee ever dis- 
graced the gubernatorial chair of any State. This agrarian is a curse, upon the 
soil ; and there can be no relief from his putrid carcass, until the Father of 
lies claims his son — W. G. Brownlow, the blackguard, incendiarv, and blas- 
phemer. His book, CkUds, of the Philadelphia " Ledger," gave him $15,000 
for ; to help him, 'tis said. 



188 SCRAPS FEOM THE PRISON TABLE. 

he is too mean to buy it. I met this clerical hypocrite 
at the Baltimore convention, where I had a fine oppor- 
tunity, of listening to his ribaldry and cant. He has no 
talent. His reputation, as a writer, is based upon the 
same capital that built up Bennett — a sort of " stingare." 
Brownlow has some nerve; as he fears no Hell, conscious 
that no element has more fire in it, than his own bad pas- 
sions. The Revolution has thrown him to the surface, 
a's it has other scum ; and failing in his attempt to impose 
upon the South, he has sold out to the North, whom he 
is now "Barnumizing." 

To-day, Sunday, July 21st, 18b'2, is the most violently 
active one w T e have had. Grape-vine lias been startlingly 
alive, to the merest rumors. Slips from ancient papers, 
with letters from hopeful and confident Fort Warren 
prisoners, were eagerly scrutinized, and in some instances 
severely criticized. One letter from Colonel Cooke, of 
the Thirty-second Tennessee, one of the most popular 
officers in the army, reads, " Be of good cheer, we will 
be out in a few days." But unfortunately for the relia- 
bility of the colonel's judgment, he wrote the same thing 
two months ago, proving our Fort Warren friends to be 
as credulous as ourselves. The letters, however, from 
all quarters, are more cheering, and we are more hopeful. 

The father of Captain Hedden visited us yesterday, an 
intelligent citizen of New Jersey, who is sanguine of our 
speedy exchange. Some one has a letter from Colonel 
Lyon, who has one from Colonel Kenly, of Baltimore, who 
saw Stanton, who said, that the only impediment was Buck- 
ner ; but that the Federal government had agreed to 
give np this noble Kentuckian ; and that General Dix 
had been authorized to accede to the demands of the 
Confederates, and arrange as per cartel of 1812; all of 
which makes a pretty good chain of circumstantial evi- 
dence in exchange, whieh has carried the stock up to-day, 
" higher than a kite." May the stock still go up, up, up. 
until we go down, down, down, to Dixie, where, " With 
a bottle of whiskey in each hand, 

Many will make their gallant stand 
In the happy land of Dixie." 



SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 189 

The press is the most powerful of all the moral engines 
in the world; it has more influence upon the 'mass, than 
all other forces combined. The press, with the powerful 
influence it wields, is not always the leader of popular 
opinion. It visually feels the public pulse, and taking its 
direction from their impulses, leaps to the front of the pro- 
gressive element, and becomes its champion ; too often 
assuming any expedient that may give it prestige with its 
" drawn in followers." The press, under the control of a 
badly balanced head, is mighty to do evil; directed by 
the power of a bad heart, is a dangerous weapon, and 
powerless for good; but in the hands of wisdom, the press 
is the most beneficent creation in the physical world. 
The " New York Herald." This sheet comes out after 
the battle of Fair Oaks, (which is claimed as a brilliant 
victory by the Confederates,) and says in flaming capitals, 
" Glorious victory for the United States forces under 
McClellan, our loss 200." A few days afterward, in small 
print, " 200 typographical error, loss supposed to be 
3,000." A week afterward, in still smaller print, " real 
luss about 7,000." But the aim of the "Herald" is 
accomplished, the first impression upon the public mind 
is lasting, and the after corrections are of little importance 
until the developments of time prove the "-Herald's" 
falsehoods, and then, the articles are only remembered by 
a few, as the mass, in the exciting present, lose sight of 
the past, and the "Herald," with the independence of 
impunity, goes on lying. The "Tribune" says "A or 
B, is a great scoundrel," in large type. A hundred 
thousand readers pore over its slanders, and believe them. 
The following day, the amende honorable is made in small 
type, and is read by (possibly) one half of those who 
swallowed the slander of the previous " issue." Thus 
fifty thousand persons remain under the impression, for 
the balance of their days, that the man is a great rascal. 
All papers have a weakness for puffing Adams' Express. 
< )n the sea-board and river towns, steamships and steam- 
boats. Editors, in general, are fond of whiskey. Writers 
for literary weeklies, of women and the twist of their 
moustache. Political editors vearn for fat consulates. 



190 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 

Printer's devils are really impish, follow copy if it goes 
out the window ; criticize the chirography of corres- 
pondents, and curse the want of brain that presents 
unintelligible manuscript, yet emanating from the genius 
of an individual who loans the editor sufficient to meet 
composition bills. Carriers are in ecstacy when the 
"New Year's Address" is profitable ; too many of them 
chew, smoke, and swear, and if you don't watch them, will 
sell you a paper a week old. Like the Gamins of Paris, 
they look upon the world as their victims, outside of then- 
own craft. 

I was standing on Lafayette Square, in the city of New 
Orleans, some years since, witnessing a review of the 
"Louisiana Legion," by Major-General Lewis. I was 
anxious to hear Jordan, the famous old drummer of 
New Orleans, and Mexican war notoriety, and to see the 
evolutions of the " Louisiana Grays," a celebrated company 
of the Crescent City. Being a stranger, I interrogated 
one of two little news- venders standing by, as to the 
position of the company in the line ? The little fellow 
looked me right square in the eye, while he expectorated a 
quid, with the nonchalance of a Jack tar, answered, ask 
Bill, I don't study geography, then opened a battery on 
the passers by, " here's your Crescent, Picayune, Bee, and 
Delta." The boys always take to the political tenets of 
their paper, and discuss the " why and wherefore," with 
as much enthusiasm, if not with as much ability, as their 
wiser "bosses." Papers, like theories, have their day, 
Hourish, decay, and die. The smart ones, who control 
theirs, get rich during the sunshine. Philadelphia papers 
were once potent; they yielded to Boston, and now New 
York bears off the palm. Bonner, with his blood and 
thunder stories, having trotted (Dexter-like) over the field 
of weekly journalism. He, as others before him, will live 
a few years, and Bonner's "Ledger" will be among the 
things that were. Before the innovations of the telegram, 
and the retirement of Kendall, the "Picayune," of New 
Orleans, was par excellence the journal of the South, and 
was to that section, what the " New York World" is to 
the North; the "Boston Post" to the East, and the 



SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 191 

"Louisville JourDal" and the "Memphis Avalanche" are 
to the West, what the "Picayune" was, the "Crescent" is. 

The press of to-day,* is in a position to take its stand 
as the great mover of the moral world, or to ruin it by 
vacillation, pandering, and falsity, and thus reduce itself to 
a state of negativeness, that will demoralize its efficiency, 
leaving us nothing but rags, ink, and bell- metal. We have 
many journalists of rare ability within these prison walls, 
whose names are known to the country as being among its 
most distinguished writers, to whom the Southern people 
can look as the proper custodians of the interests of the 
"Fourth Estate": 

Captain Beaumont, of the Nashville press; G. W. 
McCraine, that fearless writer and courtly gentleman : 
Ward, that chaste writer of the Tennessee press; Hogane. 
of the Missouri ; Lipscomb, of the New Orleans ; Whit- 
field of the Alabama ; and Simms, of the Georgia — the 
latter one of the most brilliant writers in the country. 

Army officers, no matter of what clime or caste, have 
a strong penchant foi alcoholic beverages, most particu- 
larly when • absent from the excitements of camp and 
field. Imprisonment begets thought, then ennui, then 
we need some little reactionary fluid to partially destroy, 
if we can't drive " dull care away." But the officials of 
this point of land, (I wish it was a neck instead, attached 
to a goodly bottle,) have denied us the invigorator, so we 
have resorted to all kinds of tricks to get a " drop o' the 
erather," in (an article that attracted the Irishman to the 
summit of Vesuvius, learning that at this point alone, 
there was a superabundance of the " crater.") 

A trick at camp used to be, steal a barrel from the 
commisary, bury it, and play " mumble the peg," over 
the bung-hole, each man mumbling in turn, sucking 
at a quill, rather than pulling at the peg ; it has been 
done within ten steps of the officer's tent. Some would 
introduce it in coffee pots, the jaw of the spout filled with 
dough, the mouth with buttermilk. Some few days 
since. Captain Morton was inclined to imbibe a drop of 

* The great paper of America to-day — 1868 — is Brick Ponieroy's, in New- 
York, because tearless and honest. 



192 SCRAPS FKOM THE PRISON TABLE. 

the ardent, and conceived the happy expedient of feign- 
ing sickness, so we put him in bed. Jake Morton is one 
of your melancholly looking men, deep black eyes, very 
nervous, and can feign a shake, like a man with the ague. 
As soon as we got him up to a good shaking point, we 
sent for the post surgeon, who prescribed a quart of 
whiskey and an ounce of Peruvian bark, to be well 
shaken before taken, and drank ad libitum. 

.lake had read of the entire exemption of the workers 
in Peruvian bark from fever, and as a sanitary measure, 
concluded to put the bark in his pocket, and take the 
whiskey plain. There was one drink around, for when it 
comes, seldom the potations are large. Jake's disease 
kept us in spirits some time. Jack Handy has reported, 
that there is a jug of good whiskey in the hosptal, "how 
to capture it," is the unanimous expression. We got a 
jug, sealed it with wax, and arranged that Captain Pal- 
mer and T. Saunders Sale, should take a loose linen coat, 
.secreting the jug beneath its capaciousness, get some of the 
hoys to raise a row in front of the hospital, which would 
attract the inmates to the front, thus enabling the two 
juggists to make the change at the back door. Unfortu- 
nately for the plot, so well laid, .the owner came for his 
jug, and we lost the spirits, since which time, we have 
suffered the pangs of the victims of the jug or ?wt, (Jug- 
gernaut.) Our Georgia friends have smuggled in some 
Otard, in bottles labelled, "Allsups." Some has come in 
false bottomed buckets, and by the use of other means, 
not mentionable. We manage now and then, to keep 
our spirits up, by pouring a few drops down. 

To-day, the sutler brings in a bundle of extras. They 
announce in ambiguous language, it is true, yet unmis- 
takable to us, that we have won a great battle at Rich- 
mond, June HO, L862, and the enemy has found our last 
ditch. Many brave and gallant soldiers have bitten the 
dust, many households made desolate, yet a thousand 
voices, in our prison to-day, are expressing their joy at 
the victory. One of our most staid prisoners, ever digni- 
fied and reticent, Captain Walker, of Tennessee, has 
thrown his hat away, and is carried off by his friends. 



SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 193 

Lieutenant C. H. Stockdell, of Nashville, Tennessee, one 
of the most intelligent and sprightly gentlemen in prison, 
is quite carried away by his feelings. The news lias 
reached the hospital, and acts like a charm on the sick, 
(rood news is a fine curative, tattling and prison duties 
are forgotten, all play is suspended, the buildings are 
deserted for the campus, and all join in the general 
rejoicing. Our custodians can't stand the disappoint- 
ment, now comes their turn. 

" Stop that yelling, you d — d rebels, and clear the 
campus, or we'll fire upon you." 

" We are not disobeying orders, or breaking rules." 

" Clear the campus, and dry up, or d — n your rebel 
hearts, we'll give it to you." 

"do to the front, you cowardly scoundrels," mutters 
each Confederate, as he enters his room, " where you can 
have a chance of facing men with weapons in their hands, 
a more dangerous business than threatening, and murder- 
ing unarmed prisoners." 

The hospital has been alluded to before, but will bear 
repitition, as it has changed hands. The release ot our 
surgeons unconditionally, thus leaving the sick without 
medical attendance, has made a draft upon some of our 
line officers, who were practicing physicians at home, of 
the first order of ability. Captain Allen, of the Fortieth 
Regiment, Tennessee Volunteers, is now in charge of the 
hospital, lie is a calm, dignified gentleman, skillful in 
his profession, and quite popular with the sick. Captain 
Ray, of Lauderdale county, Alabama, is an assistant, and 
adds to his medical knowledge conversational powers, and 
gentlemanly bearing. Captain McNutt, and Lieutenant 
Coppice, of Tennessee, also aid in the dispensatory; are 
very attentive, confine themselves strictly to their duties, 
which arc quite arduous. Their untiring efforts, in 
connection with their chief, Captain Allen, to administer 
to the sick, entitle them to the grateful acknowledgments 
of the entire prison. 

On entering the prison a sergeant approaches the 
"mess," and desires to know if any are suffering for 
clothing, and if a candidate responds in the affirmative, 



194 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 

his breeches are critically examined by the energetic non- 
commissioned officer, who, if the breach be a wide one, 
furnishes a new pair of pants, a light blue blouse, alittle cap, 
a pair of drawers and shirt, and one blanket for two men. 
There were but few of us who got the blues, in this 
particular, as many did not need them, and not over a 
half dozen became ornamented with what we deemed 
badges of servitude. One blanket for two men would 
be sufficient covering in Calcutta, but in Johnson's island 
it is for those to determine who have tried it. Our com- 
mandant says, that if we lose our buildings by lire, we 
will suffer ; it is possible with one blanket to two men: 
however, the issuance is on a par with the other brutalities 
extended. Did we depend on our custodians for neces- 
saries, much less superfluities, we would have a sorry 
time on Johnson's island. We have expended $60,000, 
since our arrival, the greater proportion of which has 
been devoted to supplies, as the chunk of fat pork that 
adorns our mess-table, is not sufficient to make Falstaffs 
of any of us. We have had many friends among the 
humanitarians North, to whom w r e are indebted for many 
comforts, that have gone far towards soothing the rigors 
of our imprisonment and the asperities engendered by 
subordination to Pierson and his braves. 

Solomon, when asked by the Queen of Sheba, to select 
the boys from the girls out of fifty equally divided, as to 
sex, but all dressed alike, as boys, ordered water for 
ablutions, and discovered that the females rolled their 
sleeves to the elbow, the males to the w r rist. Solomon's 
wisdom answered for th ose days, but he would have been 
sadly at fault had he visited our laundry at Johnson's 
island and seen the spe etaele of four confederate officers, 
with coats off and sleeves rolled up, not only to the 
elbow but the arm pits, manipulating socks, handker- 
chiefs, and unmentionables generally. The establish- 
ment of our laundry by the four officers aforesaid, 
resulted from capital ; they having means sufficient to 
buy soap, and wit enough to borrow tubs, in consequence 
thereof they do a "land-office" business. Monday morn- 
ing is the time for delivering your articles, as the chief 



SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 195 

of the establishment is positive and despotic, (capital 
ever is,) and will not receive garments after sharp four p. 
M., Monday, and will only deliver up to .sharp dark. 
Saturday. We patronized the establishment, as having 
attempted the washing of a doughty shirt at camp Chase, 
that like the Gascon's, had been changed in two months, 
and then inside out; he it was who said "what a filthy 
iellow he must be who changes his garment every day," 
and found ourselves unequal to the task. We soaked it 
and wrung it, and tried to dry it on the stove-pipe. 
After three days it was still wet, and on being trans- 
ferred to this island, we nailed it to the wall, where it 
still hangs, as a wet memento of the writer's failure as a 
washerman. Our laundry on Johnson's island has 
system. A cigar box is nailed to a tree, and in which are 
found pieces of blank paper, the executive head of the 
establishment retaining his pencil in his port-folio ; not 
that he feared its disappearance surreptitiously, but 
pencils were pencils. Each patron of the firm wrote his 
name, and number of articles — the latter not a difficult 
task — on his bundle, and turned joyfully away hoping 
that a mistake would occur on delivery, he getting some 
one's article for his own, knowing he could not be 
worsted. Each thinking so felt safe as to the return of 
their articles. It is a curious sight, a hundred bundles 
strung out under the eyes of the managers, who were 
buoyant in anticipation of the returns, at the close of the 
week. The charge is five cents per piece. The prisoner 
who has more than one shirt, is a Pacha with three tails, 
to his shirts. 

"He who steals my 'rank,' steals trash;" but he who 
filches from me my chunk of bread, robs me of that that 
will not satiate him, and I am not much the worse, as the 
United States commissary's flour, at this post, is mene, 
mene, tekel, upharsin. Tell it not in Gath, but 'tis even 
so, a brother officer, who was honest at home, watching 
a favorable opportunity, to-day at dinner, exchanged his 
chunk of the staff of life for mine — having an eye to 
quantity as well as quality. 'Tis said, human nature is 
made up of chunks; but a hungry man is averse to hav- 



196 SCEAPS FEOM THE PRISON TABLE. 

ing the individual representative of nature made of huge 
proportions, at the expense of his stomach. Man is a 
queer animal ; some are born great, and don't know it. 
Like English Hobson, who, in letting horses, forced each 
comer to take the one next the stable door, little dream- 
ing, that " Hobson's choice" would become a common 
proverb, and thus be notorious in a certain sense. So 
with my chum ; the greatness, that I envelope him with, 
will descend to posterity, as a " commissary's choice." 
My fellow prisoners can see the point. We make history 
for the pilferer, but on the bread question we lose avoir- 
dupois. " Necessity knows no law ;" but when a man 
slips up on a friend, on the subject of bread chunks, and 
in a season of good wheat crops, in a fraternal sense, we 
place him beyond the pale of— communion. 

It is not exactly the province of a prisoner of war, to 
say much about outside barbarians, but as Edwin M. Stan- 
ton, Secretary of War, the barbarian aforesaid, has placed 
himself in a position to be shot at, why it is but fair, we 
should make him a target ; and if we don't knock the 
black out, the arch military tiend of the war department 
of the United States will, if the North whips the fight. 
Until the world in aghast at the atrocities, that in such 
an event will ensue, will exclaim, not as of yore, when 
the Puritans were robbing and murdering the Indians, 
"Lo ! the poor Indian !" but with ejaculations of horror, 
"Alas! the poor African !" He bid Godspeed to Senator 
Brown, as he was leaving the senate, to unite his fortunes 
with the South. He was also Buchanan's legal adviser, 
when the struggle was fermenting. He earneastly advised 
and commended the course that Breckenridge pursued ; 
and look at him now. I have examined the record alpha- 
betically of all great men, both good and bad ; and of all 
the bad men, not one but has had some spark of manhood, 
some devotional instinct, or some humane inspiration. 
Robespierre signed death warrants with one hand, and 
stroked a poodle with the other ; Marat left intelligent 
works ot science, although a butcher of his kind ; Nero was 
fond of music ; Caracalla had architectural tastes ; Xerxes 
and Alexander could weep ; but poor Stanton is sans 



SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE 197 

soul, sans heart, sans taste, sans everything that is noble 
and true. I had asked a parole, for the State of Ohio, 
knowing they were granted in a score of cases, and it had 
been strongly recommended by that polished gentleman, 
and humane Union soldier, Inspector General Wright, 
of the State of Ohio, and approved by Governor Todd, of 
the same State, whose consistent kindness to prisoners is 
proverbial. And on being transferred from camp Chase 
to this prison, I had forwarded the parole to Edward 
Everett, of Massachusetts, for his influence, as the super- 
intendent of our prison would not honor any recommen- 
dation of Governor Todd, referring me to the Secretary 
of War. In a few days, I received the following from 
Mr. Everett : 

" Chicago, May 14th, 1862. 

" Dear Sir : — Your letter, inclosing General Wright's 
parole, having been forwarded to me at this place, was 
received by me this evening. I will, by the next mail, 
address a letter to the Secretary of War, inclosing Gen- 
eral Wright's parole, and recuiesting the Secretary to 
ratify it. 

" Respectfully Yours, 

" Edward Everett." 

The immaculate gave an ecjuivocal reply. Again the 
honorable gentleman applied — and a similar answer from 
the scarecrow of the war department. The third time 
the kind-hearted Everett asked for my release, and the 
final answer of the bear was : " No special paroles granted 
until the rebels lay down their arms, as the arrangement 
for a cartel has been broken by their bad faith, by thus 
telling a lie; and snubbing the distinguished son of Massa- 
chusetts, whom he detested because he was a gentleman. 
Were it not so, the favor would have been granted, out 
of courtesy to Mr. Everett's eminent position, and even if 
a political opponent, among gentlemen, the courtesy was 
doubly due — little points, however, that Stanton is not 
supposed to know anything about. It was not a fling 
at me, for I am too small a fish for this mighty Levia- 
than to swallow, Plutarch said: "the difference be- 
tween a man and a beast was, the latter had no knowl- 



]}>K SCEAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 

edge or feeling of a Deity." If Stanton felt or knew 
there was a God, he would act differently, "the Beast." 

Of all the damning outrages committed by our enemies 
on the Southern people, one of the most high-handed, is 
the arrest of private citizens, of whom several hundred are 
driven into the pen to-day, like sheep led to the slaughter. 
Some taken from their beds, others from their desks, and 
ploughs, and some from the bar, and pulpit, hurried off, 
half clad, without warning or a suspicion of a charge 
against them. I asked one, of the several old men, in 
camp Chase, a man at least seventy-five years of age, 
with hoary beard and tottering steps, as he was wandering 
listlessly around the prison yard : " How came you here ?" 
" I can't tell. I was taken from my home and brought 
here, I don't know what for. I did no one harm, and 
am very much distressed about my people; they will not 
know what has become of me." Others did not know why 
they were similiarly treated, nor could any of us tell 
them. Among the arrivals, this morning, is the 
distinguished Dr. Hobson, of Kentucky, one of the most 
eminent divines of that State, who preaches us a sermon 
to-morrow. 

Lieutenant Gibson, of the Eleventh Arkansas Regi- 
ment, Volunteers, was murdered to-day by a sentinel, 
whom, I learn, did the shooting wilfully and maliciously. 
An order, that would have put a Caligula or Nero to the 
blush, had been published by the hypocritical and con- 
temptible Pierson, to the effect, that all prisoners should 
retire to their quarters at retreat, which was at sundown, 
the only period of the day, that it was possible to be 
comfortable, crowding us into a suffocating room, to the 
number of fifty in ours, three bunks high, and reaching 
to the ceiling, two in a bunk. One tin pan for us to wash 
out of; and the straw of our beds changed, not at all in 
our room. I don't know of other messes. Yet they say 
we are well treated. Lieutenant Gibson, as all of us. 
obeyed the orders of the petty despot ; yet this poor fel- 
low fell a victim, as some one must be shot, at intervals, 
to advertise the crew, (a majority of them) of that Hessian 
battalion (Hoffman's,) so they could play the feather-bed 



SCRAPS FKOM THE PEISON TABLE. 199 

warriors, while the gallant soldiers of the United States 
were at the front. It may have been different at other 
pens, but I never knew an old soldier to maltreat a prisoner. 
Courage and humanity, are synonymous, and the coward 
is always cruel. Lieutenant Gibson had been spending 
the afternoon with a comrade, some twenty steps from 
his quarters, and on hearing the signal for retreat, hastily 
returned to his room, and had one foot on the threshold, 
when the assassin hailed him with the expletive, " You 
d— d rebel, go back to your quarters." " I'm going to 
them now ; these are my quarters," stopping for a moment 
to answer the sentinel, who had his gun leveled at him. 
"Go back to your quarters, I tell you, you d — d rebel." 
Lieutenant Gibson, whose body was inclined towards the 
sentinel, turned to step in, and without warning, was shot 
down ; the entire charge, a double one, entering his body. 
This act of cruelty and crime, places the miscreant, who 
has proved himself a willing tool, in the line of promotion. 

Since writing the above, we learn that the author of 
this damnable outrage, has been promoted to a sergeantcy. 
And they say, we are well treated. Heaven save the mark ! 

There are but few of my fellow prisoners who are not 
interested, when the sound of "big gate" attracts them to 
the doors and windows. It may admit ''fresh tish," an 
appellation given new comers, or the wood wagon ; 
possibly some angel in female form, that comes to ad- 
minister to the wants of the sick and dying. The sutler, 
milk and ice men all come through the big gate. We 
came through it, and we hope soon to go out through 
it's portals, as 'tis the living alone who shadow this gate; 
the dead are hauled out the side gate. The grass seems 
greener beyond the big gate than within, and wo would 
risk our blood upon its lintels, to once again taste the air 
of freedom that so invitingly bids us make the attempt 
without the prison walls. The mail with its letters and 
remittances from loved ones ; the newspapers with their 
many fictions, all come through this opening. And now, 
while writing this, the stentorian announcement is made 
"big gate," and we go with the rest to see what comes 
next 



200 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 

They stole not "my purse," nor "my child away," nor 
"o'er me gently," but with malice aforethought against 
the peace and dignity of our mess, they purloined my 
spirits, presented with other good things by that most 
estimable woman and humane dispenser of the charities 
<>f life, Mrs. II. I. Spotts of Kentucky, and added insult 
to injury, by Bending in the bottles filled with water. 
The prisoner can imagine the look of disappointment 
that clouded the brows of the mess, with whom I had 
proposed enjoying the et ceteras, on the discovery of the 
fraud. I appealed to Major Pierson, whose answer was 
laconic: 

"I can't help it, sir, the boys will steal whiskey, and 
besides, sir, it is contraband." 

"Well, major, if the article is contraband, confiscate 
it in a legitimate manner, but don't allow your rascally 
subs to practice their little tricks upon us." 

"Never mind, captain, I'll send you a bottle of 
whiskey to-morrow." 

The morrow came, and in came the bottle, and while 
preparing to open it, our gallant friend, Captain Hooper 
Harris, passed the window. "Come in, Harris, and join 
us," which was promptly responded to, as the susceptible 
Harris had sniffed the odor of the beverage as the war- 
horse the battle afar. Courtesy prompted offering the 
captain the first smile, which on raising to his lips pro- 
duced an exclamation of wrath : 

"Confound old Pierson B — -, he has sent you a bottle 
of the twelve stolen from me. Robbing Peter to pay 
Paul. Chorus — let's swallow the insult." 

And we did, but the palliative was not sufficient to 
make us forget the peccadillo of the cerulean individual, 
who threw cold water, by the bottle-full, on our hopes of 
a social re-union with spirits, not of the Fox-sisters. 

Personal difficulties among brother officers, are the ex- 
ception ; yet at times they will occur, and our custodians 
being aware of it, pay but little attention to the confusion 
incidental to a " set to," that after a few blows, is usually 
terminated by the interference of the friends of the par- 
ties. Last Sabbath morning, the startling announcement 



SCEAPS FEOM THE PEISON TABLE. 201 

was echoed through the pen, " man killed. " When ?" T 
and " who by?" was the general exclamation, as all rushed 
to the spot, where a large crowd had assembled, in front 
of the building where the gunboat-men quartered, one of 
the most rollicking messes in prison. It being a lovely 
morning, Hoffman's battalion, in their Sunday uniforms, 
prepared for inspection, were covering the roofs of all 
buildings outside the walls, with their " cerulean abdo- 
mens," anxious to see what was going on — yet in dread 
of a stray shot from an officer of the guard. One of their 
officers, more courageous than the rest, stepped up, and 
the familiar sound of "big gate" ushered him in. 

"What's the matter, boys?" 

" O, nothing ; but a man killed." 

" Who was he, and what was he killed for ?" said the 
nervous lieutenant. 

" O, dog-on him ; he was a traitor, going to take that 
oath, that old Pierson says some four hundred of us will 
take — so they told him. Even old Pierson himself had 
to whistle when he told that wkojyper ; and the boys are 
so disgusted with the traitor, they thought they would 
kill him ; 'that what's the matter.'" 

" Why, that's awful. This thing shall not go on. The 
entire power of our force shall be called in requisition, if 
necessary, to check such outrages." 

" O, let em rip, lieutenant. Don't you know, that 
traitors don't do any good ? Kill 'em lieutenant, kill 
'em — that's the document." 

" You are savage, sir. I will examine into this matter 
at once,"' says the now really excited lieutenant, moving 
quietly towards the front. 

On reaching the margin of the crowd, he discovered 
traces of unfeigned vengeance on the lineaments of each 
Confederate, and asking, tremulously, " Where the body 
was ?" — was answered, in the house. At that moment, a 
mournful procession was seen issuing from the building : 
six officers bearing the body upon a board, that served as 
a mess table ; a slouched hat covered the face, and a 
blanket, marked U. S., gave it a national winding sheet. 
The horrified officer could stand it no longer ; but rush- 
14 



202 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 

ing into the circle, demanded the name of the murderer ; 
and placing his hand upon the board, with the air of 
" Richard," " Put down the corpse ;" upon which a loud 
cheer burst from a hundred throats, as the two sticks of 
wood, blanket, old hat, and plank fell, nearly rendering 
the lieutenant "notoerious." The lieutenant turned away 
chop-fallen, with the remark : " You boys will have your 
fun ;" and the gun-boat mess always did, and ever will, in 
prison or elsewhere. 

If there ever was a more devil-mi-care set of men in 
the world, than the mess, in which figured Tom Kirtland 
and Harry Hedden, they are found out of Johnson's 
island. The dinner hour, of this mess, is frantically an- 
nounced by each member rushing to an outlet, and with 
the aid of tin plates, in the absence of tom-toms and 
whang-doodles, proclaim, not like the Khan of Tartary, 
"1 am finished, the other kings of the earth can dine;" 
but like so many howling dervishes, yell out grub, and 
with a clamor that would do justice to an army of China- 
men, whose prowess is in their lungs and gongs, wind up 
with a deafening "tiger? then take their stand at the 
sumptuous repast. But with all their jocoseness of jocu- 
larity, there is not a more subordinate mess to prison 
rules in the pen, nor a mess where the social amenities of 
life are better comprehended, and in the instance we 
speak of, no harm was dreamed of, much less intended. 
It seems, one of the gentlemen had placed his best coat, 
(a black one,) against the window, to protect the occu- 
pants of the room from the rays and intense heat of a 
summer's sun. The coat was pendant about ten minutes, 
when crash came a stone against the window, another, 
and another, followed by a volley ; and amid the racket 
of the missiles, could be heard the voice of an irate Teu- 
ton ; " Mein Gott ! dat ish te plack flag ; down mit de 
repels, and tree cheers for te Onion." The uproar soon 
became of a character to excite apprehension, as the vali- 
ant Sanduskians knowing us to be unarmed, had made 
daily threats to mob us, and, I am confident, they would 
have done so, had they the courage. After finding, 
that the noisy crowd in their front had taken their coat 



SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 203 

for a black flag, the mess hauled down their colors ; on 
which the firing ceased, with a wild huzza for " de stars 
ant stripes, dat bully old rag," as viewed through a glass 
for the tenth time of zwei lager. 

After this emeute on the part of the picnicians, black 
coats were at a discount on festal days. The impression 
of the mess is, that the attack was an exhibition of drunken 
spite, rather than loyalty ; and the black coat was used 
;ts a pretext, by ruffians, to stone unarmed and defenseless 
prisoners, which, had they numbers and spunk, might 
possibly have terminated in murder. 



204 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 



CHAPTER VIII. 



NAVAL ENGAGEMENT AT MEMPHIS.-LIST OF OFFICERS AND BOATS. - 
COMMAND UNDER COMMODORE J. E. MONTGOMERY.—" LOG " OP THE 
GUN-BOAT "PRICE," BY L. F. DELISDEMIER — THE WOMEN' OP LOU- 
ISVILLE.— MRS. II. I. SPOTTS.— MRS. DAVID LOONEY.— ANDREW JOHN- 
SON.— CAPTAIN J. M. WINSTEAD.— CAMP CHAsE, OHIO.— AN INCI- 
DENT AT CAMP CnASE.— ATTEMPT TO ESCAPE AT CAMP CHASE.— 
OLD MEN AT CAMP CHASE.— CAMP CHASE— HOW SITUATED.— MRS. 
JUDGE CLARK, OF OHIO DR. CLIFF MRS. HARR 1 H. HEDDEN. 

OUR. gun-boat flotilla arrived at Memphis,* on the even- 
ing of the 5th of June, 18G2, to await the arrival of 
the Federal fleet, which came down about 9 o'clock of the 
same evening, and laid on " Paddy's Hen and Chickens," 
in sight of Memphis. On being informed of this, our com- 
modore sent up a small tug, in charge of Captain Bennett, 
as a picket. By some mismanagement, she got aground, 
on the foot of the island, and she could not be got off 
with her own power ; consequently the torch was applied, 
and she was left to her fate in flames. Nothing more 
of importance happened during the night, but the general 
understanding with all the fleet was, that we would not 
make a stand. 

After daylight, on the morning of the 6th, we could see 
by the movements of the enemy, that they were making 
preparations to come down, for the Heavens were one 
solid cloud of black smoke. In the meantime, we were 
not idle in making preparations to back out in the stream, 
which we did, one after another, until our whole fleet, 
eight in number, were drawn in line of battle. It was 

* The account of tbe naval fiyht at Memphis, is from the hands of the gal- 
lant Captain J. Henry Hart. 



SCRAPS FROM THE TRISON TABLE. 205 

here we received the first intelligence, that we. were going 
to make a stand. The enemy was now in full view, 
coming down in line of battle. The following boats were 
sent up, to draw the Federal gun-boats off of the bar : 
General M. Jeff Thompson, Sumpter, General Beaure- 
gard, and Colonel Lovell, from the fact that they had 
sixty-four-pound guns mounted on their bows. The fire 
was opened by the Thompson, but not until she had 
fired three rounds, did the enemy make any reply. The 
fire on the Federal side was opened by the flag-ship 
Benton. The fight now became general. Brisk firing 
from both sides, was the order of the day. It was while 
the battle was raging with intense fury, between our rams 
and the Federal gun-boats, that their rams made their 
appearance ; first came the Queen of the West, which 
made a bee-line for the Colonel Lovell, which tried to 
back out of the way, but in so doing, got in such a posi- 
tion, as to show her opponent a broad-side, when she run 
into her, and sunk her immediately, in water her hurri- 
cane deck, in the channel of the river. Life-boats were 
immediately dispatched from the Little Rebel, to assist her 
crew in getting ashore. Before the Queen of the West 
could regain her position, the Confederate ram Sumpter 
struck her in midships, sending her ashore, during the 
balance of the engagement. Next came the Switzerland, 
bearing down on the Sumpter. The Beauregard next in 
turn singled out the Switzerland, for her antagonist. The 
Federal ram, seeing her intention, drew off from the 
Sumpter, and headed down on the Beauregard ; they 
struck head on, but glanced, placing the Switzerland hors 
du combat, knocking down her bridge-tree, when she had 
to go ashore, where she threw out her sharp-shooters as 
pickets. Next came the Federal ram Monarch, in chase 
of the Jeff Thompson, she at the same time rounding to, 
head up stream, followed by the Monarch ; here the 
(Ieneral Price was put under a heavy head of steam, to 
overtake the Monarch, w T hich she did, striking her a heavy 
blow in the starboard quarter, driving in her hull, and 
rounding her to, after which she stopped to back around and 
give her another blow; but, unfortunately, the Beauregard 



206 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 

had made a dash at the Monarch, and missed her object, 
and striking the Price on the port-side, completely dis- 
abling her. During this, with only one wheel left, she 
managed to get ashore, but too late for the crew to make 
their escape ; disabled as she was, the enemy kept up a 
constant fire into her ; for humanity's sake, the " stars 
and bars" were hauled down. It was about this time, 
the Beauregard got headed up again to meet another of 
her adversaries, when a shell was shot into her hull and 
burst, damaging her boilers and hull ; killed one engineer, 
and wounding three others, and scalding three firemen. 
She was unfit for duty, floated down the river about one- 
fourth of a mile, and sunk in twenty feet water, face to 
the enemy, and colors flying. It was about this time, the 
Little Rebel made a dash at one of the rams ; but before 
she could reach her, received a shot in her boilers, when 
she kept her course into the shore, where all but three 
made their escape. In the meantime, the Sumpter had 
been run ashore, and crew all escaped ; also the Thomp- 
son was run ashore, and burned to the water's edge. The 
General Bragg stood off and looked at the fight, likewise 
the General Earl Van Dorn ; neither offering any assist- 
ance. The Bragg, in attempting to round to, to make 
good her retreat, was run into by one of the Federal rams, 
which drove in her side. The crew of the Bragg nearly 
all made their escape in yawls and life-boats. The Van 
Dorn, handling much better than the Bragg, was fortu- 
nate in making good her escape. Thus ended one of the 
hottest naval engagements ever fought in the Mississippi. 

The following is a list of the principal officers, as far as 
we can ascertain : 

Earl Van Dorn. — Captain, Isaac Fulkerson ; Purser, 
Charles Reynolds ; First Officer, John W. Jordan ; Sec- 
ond Officer, John Mardis : Chief Engineer, Wm. Hurst ; 
First Assistant Engineer, John Swift, William Camon 
and William Molloy. 

General Sterling Price. — Captain, Thomas E. Hen- 
thorn ; Purser, L. F. Delisdemier; First Officer, N. J. 
Henthorn ; Second Officer, George L. Richardson ; Chief 



SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE 207 

Engineer, William Brauden ; First Assistant Engineers, 
William Grin, W. W. Hayden and Oscar Postal!. 

General Beauregard. — Captain J. Henry Hurt; Par- 
ser, J. C. Haynes ; First Officer, R. D. Court ; Second 
Officer, John Rawson ; Chief Engineer, Joseph Swift : 
First Assistant, Edward Connolly ; Pilot, J. Pope Altram. 

General Bragg. — Captain W. H. H. Leonard ; Purser, 
William Riply ; First and Second Officers, names un- 
known ; Chief Engineer, John Porter ; First Assistant 
Engineer, Henry Sisson ; Pilot, James Russel. 

Sum/pter. — Captain Wallace W. Lamb ; Purser, John 
Wilbanks ; First Officer, Lemuel Murray ; Second Offi- 
cer, name unknown ; Chief Engineer, Robert T. Patter- 
son ; First Assistant Engineer, John Ramsey ; Pilots, 
Thad Siederburg and Moses Gray. 

Little Rebel. — Captain J. White Fowler; Purser, Chas. 
Smedly ; First Officer, James Wall ; Second Officer, 
name unknown; Chief Engineer, Gus Mann; First As- 
sistant Engineer, William Reeder ; Pilots, Newton Pue 
and John Bernard. 

General M. Jeff Thom/pssn. — Captain, John Burk ; 
Purser, James Bissell ; First Officer, Louis Camfield ; 
Second Officer, Henry Moore ; Chief Engineer, Thomas 
Mitchell ; Pilots, Barney Arnold and Daniel Thomas. 

General Lovell. — Captain James C. Dellaney ; Purser, 
Hardy ; First Officer, Thomas Johnson ; Pilot, William 
Cable. 

Commodore of the fleet, J. E. Montgomery. 

The Federal fleet consisted of sixteen mortar-boats, six 
rams, and eight gun-boats, besides any number of tugs 
and transports." 

The cause of our disaster at Memphis, was from a series 
of incidentals to the campaign on the Mississippi. The 
original occupation of Columbus, was a stragetic stroke 
of policy. The advance of the gun-boats did not intimi- 
date, and we continued to hold Columbus. The advance 
of the enemy's land forces, on the opening of the Tennes- 
see river, by which Columbus would be outflanked, 
compelled the evacuation of that point. We fell back to 
Island Ten, to there check the gun-boats, while our land 



208 SCRAPS FEOM THE PRISON TABLE. 

forces, assisted by gun-boats, held in check General Pope's 
grand army, at New Madrid. The occupation of Point 
Pleasant, and its fortifications, by the enemy, by which 
transportation was cut off, and our gun-boats would be 
compelled to go below, involved the evacuation of New 
Madrid, which was a good movement in its conception, 
hut badly executed, in a slovenly manner, ill becoming 
the commander that directed it. But instead of falling 
back, we advanced into the enemy's lines, and we were 
all moved to Island Ten. This we continued to hold, 
although, outflanked by the enemy, on both flanks, and 
it was held until the battle of Shiloh, when we were sur- 
rendered. This gallant little band, after suffering many 
privations, had to yield to a military necessity, and were 
given up. The surrender of Island Ten compelled the 
Confederate forces to fall back to Fort Pillow, so as to 
keep up a corresponding line with their land forces, as all 
armies, when occupying positions, if a flank is thrown for- 
ward, hold theis position, until sustained by the other flank 
or the centre. This is a rule, advancing or retreating. 
When our army withdrew from Corinth into the Missis- 
sippi, our fleet should have retired to Vicksburg, and thus 
under its guns sustained the line of defense. The battle 
of Memphis ought not to have been fought, and when it 
was, it ought to have had the presence of the entire Con- 
federate fleet ; and as it was badly managed, defeat was a 
consequence, and the brave and gallant men, many who 
are in prison with us, and whose names I have given, suf- 
fered a defeat that there was no necessity for. The boats 
were manned by daring crews, commanded by hardy 
officers, as dashing men as we have in the Confederate 
service, and they had every element to insure victory, in 
an engagement with an enemy upon equal footing, and 
would have been willing to have fought them with one to 
two ; but they could not fight a fleet of (16) mortar-boats, 
(6) rams, and (8) gun-boats, and innumerable tugs and 
transports, opposed to some half dozen gun-boats and 
rams successfully. It was a terrific fight, and right gal- 
lantly did our heroes of the Mississippi sustain their 
reputation for chivalry ; for in spite of the great disparity 



SCRAPS PEOM THE PEISON TABLE. 209 

and the fearful odds, they went in, death staring them 
in the face. Yet they were not conquered, for there were 
no dastards there, — and the brave fellows, who went down 
in the grand struggle, we can say in the applicable lines of 
the author of the eulogy on Lawrence : " If the Phaeten 
and horses of fire had been destined for their translation, 
they could hardly have departed in a brighter blaze of, 
glory." But they have been sacrificed to appease the 
wrath of the God of war, and to show the bad manage- 
ment of an affair so nobly and obstinately fought, yet for 
no purpose, unless to show the Federals, how the gallant 
South can fight, can suffer, die, for Liberty and Inde- 
pendence. 

I have formed the personal acquaintance of several of 
the officers of the fleet, who are as courteous and as soci- 
able as they are fearless ; and to I. Pope Oldham, 
one of the most popular officers in the valley, and to Cap- 
tain Hurt, a polished cavalier, I tender my thanks, for 
their information so kindly furnished. 

(LOG* OF THE "PEICE," FEOM NEW ORLEANS TO MEMPHIS.) 

March 25th, Tuesday, 1862.— Left New Orleans at 9 
p. m., with the following officers: J. H. Townsend, cap- 
tain ; T. E. Henthorn, first officer ; L. F. Delisdemier, 
purser; George L. Richardson, second officer; William 
Braudeu, chief engineer ; J. H. Frobees, Assistant do. 

March. 2§th. — Laid up last night, on account of fog : 
4eft Red river at 10 A. m. ; passed the General Bragg 
to-day. 

Saturday, 29th. — Arrived at Vicksburg, at 4 P. m., 
and found the Bragg had stopped here ; left at 5.30 p. m.: 
found no iron there. Weather pleasant. 

Monday, 31-s^. — Arrived at Eunice, at 8 P. M. In- 
formed the railroad agent, that we wanted some iron. 
He said, he had none. Our captain then told him, he 

* Written by L. F. Delisdemier, purser of the General Sterling Price. The 
Log of the Price and the engagement is published complimentary to the boat- 
men of the Mississippi, mauy of whom composed the officers and crew of the 
flotilla, whose gallantry on the 6th of June, 1862, is historic, proving that 
mteamboal men, as a class, are the most chivalric men iu the world. 



210 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 

would have to tear up his track, aud set the men at it, 
and soon had some three miles torn up and ready to carry 
on board. 

Thursday, April 3d. — Left Eunice yesterday afternoon, 
after getting on board all the iron that we wanted to 
finish the Price and Van Dorn. Arrived at Memphis at 
3 p. m. ; found the Bragg had arrived yesterday after- 
noon. At 4 p. M. the Van Dorn came up. Captain 
Townsend, being senior captain, set all available men at 
work, to finish the boats as soon as possible. 

Friday, April 11th. — Weather rainy. Received order 
to leave for Fort Pillow. Got two pilots to-day, viz : W. 
W. Hayden and Oscar Postall. Left Memphis at 6.30 
p. M. 

/Saturday, April 12. — Arrived at the fort, and reported 
to the General at 6.30 A. M., and then dropped down to 
coal. Orders were sent down, for us to escort the trans- 
port Lockland up the river on a foraging expedition. We 
started at 5 p. m. ; left orders for the Van Dorn to follow 
us. Those of Hollins' fleet went up ahead of us ; passed 
them at 11 p. m. at anchor near Island No. 25. As soon 
as we rounded the bend saw a United States transport, 
and gave her chase. She either heard us, or saw our 
smoke, and started up the river. We chased her about 
eight miles, when she met the Federal fleet, at the mouth 
of the Obion river. 

Sunday, 13th, 1 a. m. — -Sent a note to Captain Huger, 
flag officer on the McRea, notifying him of the presence 
of the enemy. At 5 a. m. received his answer, that he» 
would be along after daylight ; 8.30 the look-outs report 
the fleet coming up ; dropped out into the stream, and 
formed in line of battle, and stood up to meet the enemy ; 
and when within three miles of us, the United States gun- 
boat Benton opened on us ; her shot fell short. The Con- 
federate States gun-boat Maurepas replied to her from a 
nine-inch Dahlgreen, also falling short. The Federals 
now showed their whole fleet, consisting of eleven gun- 
boats and eight mortars. So Captain Huger, knowing 
it to be folly to contend with them, left us alone with 
them. We then rounded to, and waited until the enemy 



SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 211 

came within two miles, and let them have the contents 
of our stern guns, and then we went after the balance of 
the fleet. The Yankees followed us, and kept up a run- 
ning firing, but without any damage. We arrived at the 
fort at 11.30, and reported the fleet coming down. The 
guns were immediately manned, and all waited for the 
appearance of the fleet. At half-past two they made 
their appearance, but only exchanged a few shots, rounded 
to, and went up the river about six miles. 

Monday, the 14th. — This morning the Federals opened 
fire on the fort, end every fifteen minutes they gave three 
shells. The bombardment was kept up till 9 p, m. A 
scouting party from our boat and the Van Dorn, under 
command of First Officer T. E. Henthorn, went out this 
morning on the Arkansas shore, and went within six 
hundred yards of the Federal fleet, and report them 
forming in line of battle and dropping down stream, stern 
foremost. 

10 p. m. — No demonstration been made by the fleet as 
yet. 

April 15th, Tuesday. — First Officer T. E. Henthorn, 
with a paity of thirteen men and officers from the R. D. 
fleet, have gone out again this morning. The bombard- 
ment was renewed at an early hour this morning, and 
has been kept up at regular intervals of ten minutes. 
They have three mortar-boats in position, at the distance 
of three and a half miles, and lay-around a point opposite 
the fort. 

10 p. M. — The firing ceased at 8 p. m. The scouting 
party have just returned ; report three men captured at 
Mr. Lamies', by Federal mounted infantry ; were chased 
by a party, but made their escape. 

Wednesday, 16th April. — Went down to Mr. Lamies, 
and moved him and family on board of steamer trans- 
port Charm, and sent them below, under convoy of the 
Bragg. A party ot fifty " Feds" came down last night, 
to capture one of our boats, but not finding us, they 
returned at daylight. This morning, a party of United 
States soldiers appearing in sight, gave them a few rounds 
of grape. Scouts report fifteen men killed and wounded ; 



2 1 2 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 

burnt ninety bales unginned cotton, and thirty bales of 

cotton. 

April 11th. — Went down and moved Mr. Morgan to 

a place of safety. 

******* 

May 8th (Thursday).— The bombardment has been 
kept up day by day, but no damage done ; loss two killed. 
This morning, the Sumpter, Bragg and Van Dorn were 
ordered to go up and cut out the mortar floats. Arrived 
at the fleld where they had been posted, but found they 
had been moved up to the fleet. The Sumpter remained 
there until 9 A. m. ; the Federals firing a few shot at her, 
but did not come down. She returned at 10 a. m. The 
mortars were then brought down, and commenced a furi- 
ous bombardment, throwing over two hundred and fifty 
shells, but most of them fell short. 

/Saturday, May the 10th. — Agreeably to the decision 
of the council of war, held yesterday, the fleet left their 
moorings at 7 A. m., and the several positions in line of 
battle, as follows : The Bragg, Sumpter, Sterling Price, 
Van Dorn, Jeff Thompson, General Lovell, Beauregard, 
and Little Rebel. On rounding the point, the Federal 
fleet was plainly visible in "Bulletin Bar," with the ex- 
ception of the Cincinnati, who had come down as a pro- 
tection to the mortar, but made (as soon as we appeared) 
for the balance of the fleet. According to orders, the 
Bragg immediately gave her chase, and soon overtook 
her, striking her a violent blow on the larboard bow, dis- 
mounting one of her forward guns and slewing her round. 
The Cincinnati fired a broad-side into the Bragg, one 
shot going through her, killing a cook. The Price next 
in turn started for her, and at the same time delivering 
an effective at the mortar, silencing it. The Cincinnati 
kept a running fire, as the Price kept away from her, 
soon overtaking her, and struck her oft a little starboard 
of midship, carrying away her rudder and stern post dis- 
abling ; the Sumpter came up soon after, and also struck 
her, and she then drifted on the bar and sunk. The Van 
Dorn in the meantime had come up. Those of the Fed- 
eral fleet came down to the assistance of the Cincinnati, 



SCKAPS FEOM THE PRISON TABLE. 213 

and surrounded the Van Dorn, who made a sudden dash 
at the Mount City, striking her a midships, driving in 
her hull about six feet, causing her to leak badly ; but as 
the Federal gun-boats are all built in water-tight com- 
partments, it was some time before she sank ; she was 
able to make the bank. The United States gun-boat 
Pittsburg was disabled, by getting between the fires of 
the two fleets. The firing between both fleets was rapid 
and heavy, and our boats were struck several times, doing 
some damage to the cabins, but only one was damaged in 
the hull, and that was the General Price, who received a 
shell (128 pounds) between wind and water, cutting off 
the supply pipes and causing her to leak. As the " Feds " 
had drawn off in to shoal water, where w T e could not 
reach them. Commodore J. E. Montgomery signaled 
the fleet to retire, which was done in good order, all 
dropping down stream, below the guns of the fort. The 
total loss was two killed ; but several firemen were 
wounded with splinters, and one man had his arm broken. 
The only damage was the upper works of the Van Dorn 
and Price, with the exception damage done the Price 
reported. As soon as we arrived at Fulton, commenced 
to repair damages. 

Sunday, Wtlt. — All damages on our boats repaired, 
and all ready for another engagement with the enemy. 
At 4 p. M. scouts came in from Osceola, report the loss 
of the enemy to be three boats sunk, and several killed 
and wounded. The enemy are hard at work raising their 
boats. The Little Rebel went up on a reconnoissance 
to-day. On her appearance, the Yankees took their mor- 
tar floats and started up the river. 

******* 

Tuesday, June 3d. — The bombardment has been kept 
up, but no damage done to the fort. Second Officer John 
C. Rawson, and a party of seven men, went after ice, and 
were captured. At 3.30 p. m., two gun-boats and three 
rams, came down to cut out the Jeff Thompson, but 
the fort opened on them, and they retired. The Con- 
federate States' fleet then went up to the fort, and were 



214 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 

actively employed in taking on shot and shell, and 
commissary stores, as the fort is to be evacuated. 

Wednesday, June 4th, 1862. — The fort being completely 
demolished, the fleet started down the river. At Randolph, 
the Van Dorn, got aground, and had to send men in 
the woods to cut spars and spar her off. 

June hth. — Arrived at Memphis, at 1 p. m. 9 p. m. 
all were aroused by the report of a cannon, and a rush 
was made to find out the cause, and found the General 
Lovell out in the stream, dropping down. Passing us, 
Captain Delancy reported the fleet in the bend above, 
coming down. All then dropped out in the stream, in 
line of battle, but the "Feds" not making their appear- 
ance, returned to our anchorage. The tug Gordan 
Grant, was sent up as a picket boat, but grounded, and 
had to be burnt. 

" Ob, woman, all must own thy magic power ! 

The sternest sages at thy altar kneel ; 
And, from the natal to the final hour, 

Before thy beauty bend, and deeply feel 
The essence from on high. Though skies may lower, 

And earth and heaven conspire against his weal — 
Alike unchanged by happiness or grief, 
Man ever from thy soothing finds relief." 

Mrs. H. I. Spotts, is a true friend of the South ; is the 
wife of Captain Harry Spotts, well known to the deni- 
zens of the Mississippi Valley. She was a Miss Jane 
"Jennie" Tnnstall, of an old Kentucky family, of 
sprightly intellect, and of extraordinary beauty, being the 
belle of Mississippi, where the author had the pleasure of 
meeting her, in the days of Auld Lang Syne. Mrs. 
Spotts is a charming lady, and by her sympathies, and 
substantial assn ranees, has given ample evidence of her 
appreciation of the virtue that exists in the Southern 
struggle for independence, and we rank her in the list of 
the true women of the second Revolution. 

Mrs. David Looney,* is an estimable lady, is a daughter 
of the late .lames lloland, formerly of Kentucky, late of 

* Now (1868) residing in New York. 



SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 215 

Memphis, Tennessee, and the wife of Colonel David 
Looney, of Louisville. She has given a great many evi- 
dences of her sympathy with the South, is a thorough 
lady, and in every w T ay fitted to take her place and have 
her name enrolled upon the tablets of history, as one 
whose name is worthy to he recorded, as one of the 
women of the second Revolution. The ladies of Ken- 
tucky, in spite of the distraction of their State, have stood 
firm, and by their example, have incited their fathers, 
husbands, brothers, friends and lovers, to deeds of valor, 
and stimulated them to enter the field, in the defense of the 
down-trodden South. Yes, all honor to the fair women 
of Kentucky. They have stood by us in all our distress, 
and are justly entitled to our grateful acknowledgments 
for their resolution and faith. We take much of our in- 
spiration from fair woman, she who is an incentive to gal- 
lant deeds, (her smiles and her approvals,) then let us 
honor her, and be true to ourselves, and all will be well. 

Several of our prisoners have appealed to the military 
governor of Tennessee, for a release from durance, 
promising not to take up arms again during the war. It 
has been done under excitement, and in a week, they will 
regret it, (which they have,) and as they are heartily 
ashamed of it, we withold their names. However, the 
military governor of the volunteer State will not pay any 
attention to their application, as he is relentless in his 
determinations. 

Since hearing of Andrew Johnson's* appointment as 
military governor, our Tennessee prisoners -have been 
rather nervous, it being rumored he would demand us 
from the United States' authorities, and transfer us to the 
Nashville penitentiary, and there attend to us at his 
leisure. As for myself, his elevation has given me an 
attack of dyspepsia; added to the homaepatbic treatment 
of the prison, yet in a few days, I hope to regain my wonted 
vigor, as I am now in the middle of my book, and it's 

*The bold stand taken by Andrew Johnson, in defence of the Constitution, 
in 1868, lias placed him in the highest niche of the Southern heart, and what 
evil he afflicted us wilh in 1862, is erased from the tablet of memory, leaving 
stamped upon our minds Andrew Johnson, the greatest living statesman, the 
unflinching patriot, and the model President. 



216 SCEAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 

necessary to keep a clear head, as the modern reader 
must have fresh "scraps." Then again, lam on the margin 
of a large body of water, where there are many shoals 
and quicksands. I must be careful of my literary boat, 
as all small boats should keep near the shore. Men, too 
often get beyond their depth, and in attempting to sail in 
fathomless seas, are overwhelmed and wrecked. One 
aspires to the legal profession, whose proper employment 
should be "mauling rails;" another has, by a few years 
of speculation, accumulated some thousands, and now 
burns to become a candidate for popular suffrage, is 
defeated in his aspirations, becomes a political loafer, 
spends his money for whiskey, and is lost in the whirlpool, 
filled with political pot-house heroes, he is out of money, 
won't work, has lost his influence, and has become an 
object of loathing to his once warm political friends, who 
could use his money for bands and banners and such like, 
but now being useless, is kicked out of the circle, and goes 
down while the sharp ones go up. 

Another man comes down the river on a flat boat, (like 
old Cobb, ol Jackson county, Alabama, with a load of 
salt. Many years ago, when "sali was salt,'''' it was nou 
re/// >/table, nobody could buy it. Old Cobb, with that 
strong generosity which he has so frequently exhibited 
since in his sixteen years in Congress, told the people to 
take his salt at cost, they were made happy, and Cobb 
went to Congress, thus virtually salting the district down. 

It is said of him, (when aceused of having voted on 
both sides of a question, by an opponent, who had the 
temerity to oppose him,) that he " acknowledged the 
corn," but retaliated by charging his oppom t with 
" always voting wrong, while by his principles, he was 
sure to be right in one instance or the other.") 

But in this instance, ties up, at the wharf of a Missis- 
sippi river town, sell his onions, apples, and whiskey, at 
handsome profits, and after a term of years, is successful 
beyond his most sanguine expectations ; he is uneducated, 
and of coarse manner, but honest and happy. He be- 
comes ashamed of his boat, and rents a store on the 
batture, at last gets upon the hill, becomes a commercial 



SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 217 

fixture of the city, takes stock in everything, dabbles in 
cotton, and rinds himself in the centre of a social circle, 
which is a cold bath to him, and he is unequal from a 
want of education to the requirements of that society ; 
sighs for the poor, yet happy past, and yearns for that 
circle, that frolicked on the deck of the old •' Broadhorn," 
"Ohio Belle," or "Western Queen;" he becomes mor- 
bid, and an habitual drinker., and winds up too often 
broken in spirits and purse, having quietly killed himsek 
drinking "old rye" in his private parlor, or out of the 
barrel in his back office, which is the rendezvous of bank 
and insurance officers, who receive his deposits and take 
his premiums, laugh at his coarse jokes, and drink his 
liquor. The poor fellow is out of his depth, and is lost 
amidst the breakers of a society that he has not been 
fitted, by nature to enjoy. Another man curses the 
West Point graduate, and insists that to the people 
should be left the choice of their leaders. This popular 
doctrine of universal suffrage, is readily accepted by the 
masses, in military as well as civil life, and the man 
formerly a shop-keeper, is made a colonel, the result 
being, in many cases, his regiment is cut to pieces. 
This is no slur upon the volunteer system of our country, 
as I accord to our volunteer officers, (hundreds of whom 
are gallant and meritorious,) their full meed of praise. 
But am firm in my belief that education is as necessary 
in this departmen as in other schools, and that the 
obliqne attack of Frederick of Prussia, that of seperate 
columns, by Napoleon, and the arrangement of Xeno- 
phon't= *etreat, are as much subjects of study, with Scott 
and Hardee's tactics, as is Bacon and Locke to the 
philosopher, Shakespeare to the actor, Blackstone to tho 
law student, Scott or Henry's exposition to the young 
theologian. 

If men, in all the relations of life, would but realize that 
"discretion is the better part of valor, " and that the hot- 
spur is sure to be circumvented by the oily gammon, that 
to go to sea, like the wise men of Gotham, in a bowl, is 
not as secure as a staunch vessel, they would be saved 
much vexation, and find out that opposition to the true 
15 



218 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 

laws of society, is as Quixotic as dangerous, and a being who 
throws what little brains he may have, into the public 
chaldron, without discretion, or studied purpose, as to 
their innate properties, is like the man " carrying coals 
to New Castle," or the "Dutch taking Holland," 
proper illustrations of the above truths.) They are little 
boats, and like my "scraps," should keep out of deep 
water, for ho matter how much temporary success they 
may meet with, in- taking ' ' the flood that leads on to 
fortune," they will ultimately be swamped, for once a 
traitor* to their own people, they will ever be traitors to 
any cause they may espouse. 

Among the hundreds of officers captured at Fort 
Donaldson, Captain Winstead is one of the most marked ; 
tall, with much distingue, classical features, elegant man- 
ners, with a vast amount of bonhomme. Winstead is 
acceptable to the men, and agreeable to the ladies. I 
became acquainted with Captain Winstead, at camp 
Chase, in prison number 3, mess 46, composed of a 
splendid set of fellows, or " chaps," as Moody politely 
calls Confederate officers. The mess gave me a grand 
dinner on my arrival, Captain Winstead presiding. The 
cards of invitation were playing cards, with the names 
of the guests on the backs, and were distributed through 
the agency of a tin plate, as a waiter, in the hands of 
George Diggons. The writer will wager a bottle of 
" cliquot," that there are not a dozen young men in the 
" City of Rocks," (Nashville, Tennessee,) but who know 
" George," one of the most rollicking, generous, dashing, 
fighting, good fellows, in or out of a military prison. He 
is as gleeful as a lark, but get his " dutch up," and he is 
for a strike " from the shoulder," or " ten steps with a 
musket." 

Diggons was assisted in his efforts to get up a dinner 
in style, by Lieutenants Harlow and Morton. Harlow 
is a pleasant gentleman, of an amiable disposition, with 
a warm temperament, yet pre-disposed to take the world 
and all things, easy, believing (like the predestinarians,) 

* The mass of traitors to the South in Tennessee, Stokes, Mayuard and 
others. 



SCRAPS FEOM THE PRISON TABLE. 219 

that what is to be, will be, even should it never come to 
pass. The great interest I took in mess' 46, was owing 
to a dream I had months previous to my capture ; and 
on my honor, as a faithful chronicler of human odds and 
ends, what I relate, are facts. In September, 1861, in 
camp of instruction, at Germantown, Tennessee, whose 
leading citizen, Judge Petitt, that honest man and able 
jurist, and Mrs. Cornelius, that most estimable woman, and 
their attentions, I will never forget, I dreamed one night, 
and related it to my mess next morning, composed of 
Lieutenant U. J. Brooks, of Georgia, a man of courage 
and decision of character ; Captain A. S. Levy, and 
Colonel W. T. Avery, (I give these gentlemen as proof 
of my statements, in this particular,) that I was taken 
prisoner and carried to the North. On entering the 
prison yard, I saw many faces I had seen in the Con- 
federate lines, and thought it strange they should be there, 
and not prisoners. I inquired of them the reason of this, 
they replied, " they were recognized as good Southern 
men in the South, but were true to the old flag, and their 
services were then engaged by the United States govern- 
ment, to communicate useful information concerning 
the movements of the rebels," while at the same time, the 
Confederates were giving them the heaviest contracts in 
their gifts. I remarked, " it was very strange." Yes, 
but you know "a prophet is hardly without honor, save in 
his own country and his own house," and a man from the 
North, stands a better chance to obtain employment in the 
South, than he " to the manor born." In the South, 
your churches, in a majority of cases, are controlled by 
Yankee elders and deacons ; your bank stocks, to a great 
degree, are owned in the North, thus controlling your 
bank officers ; two-thirds of your insurance companies are 
under the same control ; the great mass of your railroad 
employes are of Northern extraction, and with this Northern 
influence entering into every crevice of the many ramifi- 
cations of your social, financial, religious, and other circles, 
how can you expect to succeed in your present struggle 
for political independence. 

" We know and understand these truths, and while we 



220 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 

are trying to make all the money we can Qut of the South, 
we are still faithful in our allegiance to that old flag. 

" I moved on, and was taken into a room, filled with 
bunk?. Feeling sleepy, I asked which was my bunk, and 
getting into it, woke up." 

I never realized this dream until April, 1862, seven 
months afterwards, (when I met several of these traitors, 
who had been " running with the hare, and pulling with 
the hounds." One of them I saw on a Federal gun-boat. 
General McCown had employed him at Island Ten, to 
watch the movements of the enemy, giving him a thousand 
dollars for the service. He accepted the money, and gave 
the Federals his information in regard to our condition,) 
when on entering prison number 3, mess 42, camp Chase, 
I was requested by Captain Frank McLean, to make 
myself at home. Bed-time approaching, I surveyed my 
apartment, and asked the courteous captain, which is my 
bunk f Like a shock, it flashed over me that I had seen 
the same bunk in my dream, and I got into it a strong 
believer in dreams. The members of mess 42, were 
Captain Frank McLean, a gentleman of much polish and 
solidity of character- — he is of the cavalry, and a brave 
soldier; Lieutentant Porter is a modest, intelligent 
gentleman ; Captain Bob Moore is a hearty, out-spoken, 
generous soldier ; Dr. Dixon is an able physician, thorough 
gentleman, of gentle mien, yet with sufficient vigor to 
make his mark in the scientific world ; Captain Joe 
Walker is from Columbia, Tennessee, is a good liver, a 
genial companion, and although with some mauvaisho?ite, 
has quite a pleasant address ; Lieutenant Joe Irvine is an 
agreeable, obliging gentleman. These gentlemen formed 
a pleasant society, and although comparative strangers, 
we lived like brothers, while tabernacling in mess 42, 
prison number 3, camp Chase, Ohio. 

To say that Moody, that fanatic had charge of the pen, 
is enough to convince all who know him, how "well we 
were treated." We were searched on our entrance, from 
hat to boots, as if we had secreted stolen goods. Eighteen 
of us confined in a room about fourteen by eighteen feet 
and our cooking and washing to be done in the same 



SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 221 

room, and by dove-tailing, eighteen of us wedged into six 
bunks. In our prison, number 3, containing nearly a 
thousand prisoners, we had two sinks, about ten steps 
from the cabin ; they were uncovered, about ten feet in 
length, five in width, with a pole on each side, two inches 
in diameter. The depths of the sinks, I am happy to say, 
I was not so unfortunate as to fathom, which some poor 
devils did. The cisterns were below the cabins, in the 
centre of the muddy street, and below the grade of the 
sinks, consequently, upon the principle that all tluids will 
find their level. The water of prison number 3, was not 
as good as MaraKs wells. In the second cabin from ours, 
there were several cases of small-pox, and I am constrained 
to say, remained long enough, (in spite of our appeals to 
our custodians to remove them to the hospital,) to spread 
infection, had not an order of the government removed 
us to Johnson's Island, where we had better scenery, with 
rations of an umbelliferous nature, (food, physic and poison,) 
in Pierson's blue beef and sour bread. 

One day, Moody exhibited his carcass upon the walls 
of our pen, and with stentorian voice, yelled " men," to 
which we responded by going to the doors of our cabins, 
when lo ! " another Richmond" appeared upon the field, 
in the shape of Brownlow, the irrepressible ; he, who 
while he was willing " to fight rebels until Hell froze over, 
and then fight them on the ice," yet never drew a sword 
or shouldered a musket, but made collections of sympathies 
and substantials, all over the North, and played his 
financial cards, all trumps, the Federals paying him as the 
British did Arnold, while they despised him for his 
ingratitude. 

The prisoners, who were present that day, will remem- 
ber his looks, cadaverous and sinister ; his hat pulled 
fairly down over his eyes, he looked, in the presence of 
those gallant Tennesseans, the abject creature that he has 
proven himself to be. He made a speech, and we gave 
him a patient hearing, on finishing which he stepped one 
side, to make way for Moody, another light and " specimen 
brick" of the church militant, which has lost so much 
caste during the war by its patronage of such " wolves in 



222 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 

sheep's clothing," as this patent preacher. " Men," says 
the immaculate, " do you want to hear preaching next 
Sabbath, there is a powerful good preacher from Columbus, 
who will preach to you, next Sabbath, if you are willing ?" 
(Old Brownlow still looked on, grand, gloomy, and peculiar, 
with knowing thoughts, and villainous expression.) 
" Come, what do you say, men ?" are you willing ?" ex- 
claimed this clerical charlatan. A general response, ' ' aye, 
aye," with one negative from an unconverted sinner in a 
distant cabin, whose ideas were on a ring he was making, 
who exclaimed, " no." I immediately jumped upon a 
stick of wood, and remarked, Colonel Moody, excuse that 
gentleman, he thought the invitation to preach was to 
Brownlow. The saint wilted, Moody's face grew blacker, 
the prisoners cheered, and I had invitations to dinner for 
a week. 

One of the handsomest men in prison, attempted his 
escape, but failed. He shaved off a magnificent beard, 
and trimmed a head of luxuriant, ambrosial locks, and in 
citizen's clothes smuggled in, with a colporteur's pass, 
purchased, started for the gate with a basket of tracts on 
his arm, the remainder of the numbers supposed to have 
been distributed to impenitent rebels. Had he moved five 
minutes sooner or later, he would have been under the 
broad canopy of Heaven, without the walls, but as 
General Prim has it, " inflexible destiny is stronger than 
the will of man," and old Moody happened to pass the 
gate as the guard ushered the pretended colporteur out 

"Good morning, my christian friend." 

"Good morning, Colonel Moody." 

"Have you a pass ?" 

"Oh, yes." 

" Let me see your pass. I'm in hopes you will convert 
these rebs. Your name is — " 

"It's in the pass, colonel." 

" I asked you your name, sir." 

"Well, colonel, I told you it was in the pass." 

"Well, sir, what is it V" 

This was too much for reb, and his patience giving way, 
the rebellious spirit broke out. 



SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 223 

"D — n you, can't you read?" 

" Hallo, guards, gobble this reb," which was done, and 
we dubbed the gallant fellow, " Moody," ever since. 

Moral. It is bad enough to forget your own name, but 
unpardonable in prison, to forget an assumed one. Our 
friend lost his whiskers and hair, and as a quid pro quo, 
received a punch and reprimand. It might have been 
worse. 

There are in camp Chase, several old men, with hoary 
locks and tottering steps, (civilians,) who were dragged 
from their beds, at the dead hour of night, without trial 
or legal form of arrest, but the " get up, d — n you, we 
will give you rebels h — 1 ;" and here they are, barely able 
to keep soul and body together, a sad commentary on the 
policy of " the best government the world ever saw," 
while under the control of Yankee Abolition fanatics. It 
was a piteous spectacle to see these infirm citizens making 
their way through the mud, which submerges camp 
Chase, when it rains, to obtain a cup of water from a 
cistern, foul with the influence of the sinks above them, 
and all this among a so-called free people. There stands 
a man on the wall, whom a recruiting sergeant enlisted 
one month ago, as his foot pressed the shore of America 
for the first time. He can barely understand the word 
of command, yet at a signal from the wretch Moody, would 
murder citizens whose fathers fought for the independence 
of these sovereign States. The world has never seen so 
horrible a moral picture as this. There stands the 
miscreant Brownlow, worse than Arnold. The latter 
was a traitor from necessity, the former from choice, with 
his hat over his eyes, gloating over the misfortunes of 
his fellow-creatures, and as we take our departure from 
camp Chase, we can but offer a prayer that the poor old 
men may yet live to see these miscreants meet the fate 
of Judas. Men seventy and eighty years of age, dragged 
from their homes in Virginia, and incarcerated in a filthy 
prison, for what? No charge, no form of law, but to 
gratify the malevolent hate of that spirit that would mur- 
der, rape and rob, in the name of the Federal Union. 



224 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 

Oh,' for a Jupiter, to knock such fellows into Hell, as he 
did of yore. 

Camp Chase is situated in a flat, four miles from 
Columbus, Ohio, with a high board fence around the 
cabins, which are one story high. There is an elevated 
plank -walk within the yard, to keep us from floundering 
in the mud, while making the circuit of the prison. It is 
one of the filthiest prisons of the many pens assigned for 
the confinement of Confederate prisoners. The sutler has 
his supplies without the fence, and is approached by a 
"pigeon hole," in which you insert your hand, drop the 
money if any is in it," and you obtain the purchase 
through the same channel. " A little hole in the wall," 
is at the entrance, where prisoners are searched, and if 
you have anything valuable, you are sure to lose it. One 
individual, on searching the writer, attempted to take a 
small empty flask, when another "fine young thief, of 
one and twenty," with more of the milk of human 
kindness, said oh ! let him keep it. Falstaff would have 
gone into ecstacies, could he have recruited from the 
" fine young thieves of one and twenty," who examined 
prisoners, in 1862, or part of that year, at prison number 
three, camp Chase, Ohio. 

There can be nothing said that can add to the character 
of Mrs. Clark, who is a true Southern woman of soul and 
heart, with an energy that carries our minds back to the 
women of the first Revolution. She has worked and 
traversed the four sections of the country, to assist in 
alleviating the sufferings of prisoners, that the fortunes of 
war have thrown into the hands of the Federals. She 
has played the part of mother and sister to the heart-sick 
soldier, whose face brightens at her coming, confident she 
brings good tidings. She has never tired, but has struggled 
and toiled for privileges for the sick and suffering prisoner, 
and her importunities have rarely been refused. With a 
powerful family influence, she has been able to do much 
in substantials, shown in the many little comforts and 
delicacies that daily find their way to the prisoner, reviving 
and invigorating him. Mrs. Clark's cheerful face and 
sympathizing heart is known to thousands of imprisoned 



SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE 225 

soldiers of the Confederate States, who now fill the many 
prison-pens of the North. This estimable lady is from 
Virginia, sister of P. W. Moon, Esq., of Memphis, 
Tennessee, and wife of Judge Clark, of Ohio. She is no 
fanatic, but is to this continent what Florence Nightingale 
is to the Old World. God bless her, may her children 
and her children's children never suffer, and " as the sins 
of the fathers are visited upon the children, even unto 
the third and fourth generation," so may the virtues of 
the mother be visited in drops of mercy, upon her children 
even to the third and fourth generation. 

Dr. Cliff, of Williamson county, Tennessee, late surgeon 
of Colonel Battel's regiment, the Twentieth Tennessee, 
who was taken prisoner at Mill Springs, has taken the oath, 
visits us to-day, and advises all to go and do likewise, but 
none of us will take it, as we cannot consistently, after the 
oath we have taken to the South as Confederate officers. 
We respect Dr. Cliff as a gentleman, but as to the 
necessity for our taking the nauseous palliative for our 
supposed offence, if any exists, " we can't see it." 

Among the many Southern women who have endnred 
privations to accomplish the darling object of their heart, 
the independence of the South, and to commune with 
loved ones in camp and prison, none can be more highly 
spoken of than that estimable woman Mrs. Harry Hedden. 
Fragile as a flower, yet with nerves that duty has strung 
up to a steel hardness, she ran the gauntlet of offensive 
subordinates, (who are always pushed forward when the 
duty is unpleasant,) risked life, health and comfort, to 
visit her gallant husband, Captain Hedden, as splendid a 
fellow, and chivalric an officer, as tabernacles in our 
prison home. On arriving, she requested permission to 
see her husband, but was sternly refused. She plead, 
her hundreds of miles of travel, her anxieiy, but her 
pleadings were all in vain. Pierson denied the privilege, 
as the souless wretch is not alive to any emotion of 
sympathy for the. sick, weary or distressed. However, in 
a lucky moment, the Captain was taken quite ill, and our 
generous Post Surgeon Woodbridge, swore he was going 
to die, thus forcing Pierson to admit the wife. Harry got 



226 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 

well, was soon after exchanged, and his courageous and 
lovely wife accompanied him to Dixie. I don't think the 
captain would have died, but it was a ruse, dictated by 
love, " which laughs at bolts and bars," and hence was 
successful. 



SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 227 



CHAPTER IX. 



NEW ACQUAINTANCES.— CAPTAIN LOW.— LIEUTENANT BOWERS.— CAP- 
TAIN O'NEAL.— FAITH AND DESTINY.— THE RAFTSMEN OF JOHN- 
SON'S ISLAND.— THEIR INVENTIVE GENIUS, AND ACCEPTANCE OF 
EXPEDIENTS.— CAPTAIN HAYDON, OF TENNESSEE.— FOURTH OF 
JULY IN PRISON.— GENERAL FAIR, MINISTER TO BELGIUM.— MRS. 
FAIR— MISS ROSE WYATT.— MRS. BASS, OF LOUISIANA.— J. HUNT 
STROTHER, OF MISSOURI.— MISCONCEPTION OF CHARACTER.— COL- 
ONEL JABEZ SMITH, OF ARKANSAS.— COLONEL CLARK, SIXTH TEN- 
NESSEE—CAPTAIN BLAKE, OF KENTUCKY.— A CHALLENGE HAS 
FASSED IN PRISON.— A QUIET MAN ON THE CODE DUELLO— LIEU- 
TENANT D'AUBIGNE.— MRS. COLONEL BRYAN.— ICE-CREAM SALOON. 
—A SQUAD OF PAROLED PRISONERS.— THE FOUR TRAITORS WHO 
TOOK THE OATH. 

IN forming new acquaintances, one must remember 
that first impressions are lasting ; that each word, 
each expression, has its weight, and although lost sight 
of for the moment, leaves an indellible stamp upon the 
memories of both. I alwaj^s refuse an introduction to 
new acquaintances, unless my mental and physical are in 
happy unison to produce felicitous effects. This is why 
nature assumes the tidy or dashy in the fair sex, or the 
exquisite and ponderous, or the elegant substantials in 
the males, in their entre into each othei's society, creat- 
ing favorable impressions, which are so lasting, that 
future years' slatteringly and slovenly manner and dress 
fails to eradicate, although it may more or less pall. You 
must either storm your new acquaintances, by an over- 
whelming dash of conversational powers, or solemnly 
measure your words, as if announcing profound ideas, 
often obscure to yourself, or you must by a certain degree 
of manvais honte, be an eager listener to the supposed 



228 SCRAPS FEOM THE PRISON TABLE. 

intellectual pearls, that are dropping from the mouths of 
your new acquaintances. I dropped into a new set to- 
day. I found Captain Low, a modest, intelligent gentle- 
man, full of nerve and resolution. I like him as a new 
acquaintance very much. 

Lieutenant Bowers is a man of much thought, and for 
his age (twenty-six) developes the facial corduroy of thir- 
ty-five. He is a gentleman, and,_I am confident, a good 
officer. 

Captain O'Neal, of the Thirty-second Tennessee Regi- 
ment, I am much attached to. He is one of your whole 
souled fresh men, ever ready to do a generous deed, and 
whose every pulsation and innate promptings are of dis- 
interested politeness and friendship, a genial companion, 
intelligent officer and good man, full of confidence in 
his kind. 'Tis a blessed boon to have such a nature, and 
Captain O'Neal is a happy man. 

General Prim, of the Spanish forces, writing from 
Orizaba, Mexico: 

" Inflexible destiny* is stronger than the will of man." 

I remember once, as I was wandering over the memo- 
rable field of Waterloo, to be impressed with how much of 
human happiness and human success depend upon faith, 
and how impossible it is to anticipate a Heavenly future 
without it. The ancient philosophers, either Bias or Pe- 
rander, I forget which, said, 'twas hope that was the 
strongest thing in nature, because it lasted beyond the 
grave. But I differ ; for what is stronger than faith ? 
and what has more buds of promise to the hopeful? I 
think, they are indissolubly connected, but if there is dis- 
tinction, I thmk the inclination is to faith. The farm 
of Hougmont, the celebrated farm house, occupied as a 
stragetic point by Wellington, on the field of Waterloo, 
has two large gardens, separated by a brick wall, the 
entire grounds being surrounded by a wall of the same 
material. The buildings were also brick, as well as a 
chapel, as in Europe, (i. e.) upon the continent, the sur- 

* Reflections upon the death of that great chieftain, Albert Sidney Johnson, 
who seemed fated to be cut off before his time. 'Twas his destiny. 



SCRAPS FEOM THE PRISON TABLE. 229 

rounding tenantry have no village church, but attend at 
the chapel of the estate. This farm was taken and 
retaken, by the contending hosts, three times. During 
those tierce encounters the buildings caught fire, and 
were only extinguished upon reaching the feet of an 
image of our Savior, which in all Catholic countries is 
always behind the altar of every chapel. (I saw the 
image, and with the exception of a little char on its feet, 
it was not disfigured.) Was this faith, or was it not ? 
These Catholics,- in spite of the hew and cry of Know- 
Nothingism,* the accusation of dissenters, and the male- 
volence of many rival sects, have much of the spirit of 
faith. Their physical peccadilloes do not seem to disturb 
the channel of their devotion to the church, her glories 
and her virtues. There may be some discrepencies 
— there are some in my own church — but I have traveled 
in Catholic countries, and in all of them I have not seen 
any more display of the dangers of confessionals, than I 
have in the private parlors of Protestantism ; I have seen 
no more licentiousness in Catholic courts than in the lob- 
bies of Washington, and seductions and murders are of 
more frequent occurrence among the Lazzaroni of Italy, 
than the roughs of the oyster-cellars of the Points ; and 
to-day the only conservative element in the country is 
Catholic. It was something saved this image. The 
death-dealing missiles were hurling destruction upon all 
who attempted to quench the flames, and the chapel was 
left to be destroyed. The flames raged until they reached 
the feet of the image of our Savior, and then, "I say," 
not " they say," it stopped, and the image stands to-day, 
as it stood then, untouched. The chapel is visited by all 
the curious of all nations, and as the field of Waterloo is 
the Mecca of English travelers, the crowd is numbered 
by thousands, that pay their annual pilgrimages of wor- 
ship at the shrine of the allied successes upon this field of 
blood. Of course, as each man is anxious to carve his 
name upon some tablet, that may bequeath him by his 
initials to an admiring posterity, I was anxious to impress 

* A Yankee trick to divide the Southern Democracy. 



230 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 

upon the same, when I was there, at least, how I spelt 
my name, and was making an effort to place my letters 
upon the wall, that was literally covered with a thousand, 
when a gentleman suggested, that his guide had informed 
him that the wall was whitewashed every spring, to make 
room for new names. One visitor, who was up to Water- 
loo tricks, for fear of this process, stole a brick, by picking 
it out, that Byron wrote his name on. So I declined, 
and left the Held, after purchasing some Waterloo canes, 
from the forest of Soignee. The relics of bullets and 
eagles are all manufactured, and I took no interest in 
them. 

Predestination is a belief, this is not a concio ad clerum, 
but to prisoners, and is not to force my belief, which is 
strong in foreordination, I look upon destiny as a concomi- 
tant of aith, and as in the latter, the inspiration incites, so 
incitation moulds the subject into such shape as destiny 
will accept, and the man of faith becomes the child of 
destiny (paradoxically speaking). Napoleon remarked to 
the soldier at his side, who dodged from a passing ball, 
" Mind it not, if it was intended to kill you, it would do it, 
if you were two hundred yards under ground." The great 
Emperor was a great believer in destiny, and had perfect 
faith in his star. The Sun of Austerlitz, in all his glory, 
was an omen to him of a glorious success, and a harbinger 
of victory. Richelieu had faith ; so had Wolsey. The 
former's enthusiastic reply to his bearer of dispatches, 
when questioning his own success, said, " What if I should 
fail ?" " Fail," said the brilliant cardinal, " In the bright 
lexicon of youth, that faith reserves for a glorious man- 
hood, there is no such word as fail." This was faith. "I 
go from a corruptible to an incorruptible crown," said 
the heart-crushed Louis. Here was a faith, that looked 
beyond the present sphere, and hoped for a realm where 
Revolutions cease to corrupt, and where the thirst for 
blood, that men's hands were reeking with, would be as- 
suaged, and where Yankee Abolitionists are not known, 
not even living in Boston, can save them, even under the 
shadow of their deities, that dirty dog and fanatic, Wen- 
dell Phillips, the Negro thief, and slanderer of Southern 



SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 231 

people, and that old humbug, that keeps the Boston mu- 
seum.* Charlotte Corday was a child of destiny, when 
she stabbed the heartless Marat. What but belief in 
their destiny stimulated the Girondits, and made the 
"mountain"! feast, the day previous to their execution? 
Washington bore to the savages a charmed life, as they 
often said they had him in point blank range to their un- 
erring rifles a hundred times. It was destiny, and Wash- 
ington had faith in it. Faith as a commander, stimulates 
armies to deeds of valor. The cry of a Richard, the flash ' 
of the steel of a Saladdin, were as inspiring as the bold 
charge of Boabdil el Chico, and the resistless dash of the 
gay cavaliers of Spain, under the walls of Granada, to 
their inspired and enthusiastic followers. Mahomet, 
although accused of charlatanism, had much faith. His 
calling the mountain to him, was an evidence, and he dis- 
played his good sense, when finding that the mountain 
would not come to Mahomet, he said, " Mahomet would 
go to the mountain." In all ages, and among all men, 
sects and societies, faith has been the motive power, that 
has given propulsion to the wheels of the energetic world. 
It is the incentive to study, and action develops each 
resource of the finite being, and when united to belief in 
destiny, prepares us to accept the fiat of that Great Being, 
who arranges the application of both principle to the 
true believer. 

" Loud roared the dreadful thunders, 

The rain a deluge showers, 

The clouds were reut assunder, 

By lightning's vivid power." 

And so raged Sandusky bay, on the night of May the 
30th, 1862. The lines above, alluded to the famous bay 
of Biscay, off the Spanish coast, but they apply with 
equal force to Sandusky bay, when considering the dif- 
ference between a full -rigged Queen of the Sea of some 



* Kimball, whose entertainments are as flat, as his character is negative. 

t Let the Southern people do the same, bide their time, which will surely 
come, and then, when the South is redivivus, take your true position, as rest 
assured that the South and West will control the country, but at present you 
can't make the mountains come to vou. 



232 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 

two thousand tons, and the delicate limbed and can- 
vassed yachts of the bugs of "Bay City," whose occupa- 
tion is adapted to the elements they adorn. In a former 
"scrap," I alluded to the formation of a Zouave corps. 
The brilliant movements of this gallant battalion has 
stimulated others to achieve notoriety by chivalric deeds, 
and another organization of some of the decided braves 
of the prison was effected. Their incitation from the 
wants of success of the Zouaves led them to adopt a dif- 
ferent procedure. Their war cry, ' ' Arrah, arrah, " this 
although misunderstood by the sentinel on the watch 
towers, would be magical, as the chief was a Celt, genu- 
ine and full, but he was much affected by the " Swiney," 
which prevented too rapid locomotion, and thus was cal- 
culated to retard the velocity of the manoeuvre ; this was 
obviated by the agile capacities of Captain Thompson, 
the Blondin of Johnson's island. It is to the latter gen- 
tleman, we are indebted for the conception of crossing 
the bay on a rope. Thompson, who vowed "he knew 
the ropes," would attempt the feat, but one difficulty 
seemed in the way, the want of a bottle. " Herr Cline," 
the famous rope dancer, would take a bottle and sit upon 
it on a slender cord, and Blondin would also perform 
similar tricks. This seemed quite an acquisition, and 
Captain Thompson was heralded as the apostle of 
prisoners desirous of escaping. The ropes and bottle 
were obtained, as Captain Thompson had built up much 
prestige upon the peculiar performances, and to be satis- 
tied that all was ready for^ the hazzardous enterprise, a 
rope was stretched across a room in one of the buildings, 
and the bottle was produced. The performance began. 
The bottle presented, when by some mistake, (not of the 
printer,) but of the Post Surgeon. It was found to be 
full of whiskey. It had to be emptied. It was a pity to 
waste it, and it was intended that the chief of the corps 
should drink it, he did so and the manoeuvre opened, but 
much to the surprise of the rank and file, the bottle 
holder had neglected to tighten the slack-rope, and the 
result was a depression, and the chief was on his head. 
This not being in the bill, and the attempt having sig- 



SCEAPS FEOM THE PEISON TABLE. 233 

nally failed from the derangement of the head of the col- 
umn, the ropes were abandoned, . and the rafts were 
adopted, hence the term raftsmen, anc^ the use of this 
means to effect the escape of the disappointed five. The 
getting out was not considered, as all said, "getting out 
was nothing,' 1 ' 1 leaving the island was the rub. The party 
comprising the raftsmen corps consist of Captain Jessie 
Taylor, Lieutenant Sweeney,* Lieutenants Thompson,! 
Stockdell, and Campbell, Jive trumps, a good hand for 
any enterprise. 

The arrangements completed, another difficulty seem- 
ed looming up in hideous proportions in the distance, 
and to all appearance, it was the .fact of the amount of 
p*aper money in the crowd being too laige to risk, in case 
of a warm or cold bath, if you will, in the bay; and all 
seemed desponding, because the party had experienced 
much difficulty in obtaining the money. The law of the 
prison being such, that the prisoner is only allowed to 
buy what he wants, and give checks to the sutler. At 
camp Chase they were allowed five dollars at a time, so 
as to allow change to buy sundries and papers. There- 
fore, all kinds of tricks were resorted to get to the money 
inside. Some would buy five dollars worth of postage 
stamps, and then retail them to the officers, and by "hook 
and by crook," our gallant corps obtained a goodly sum. 
But the money must be placed in some secure place, it 
being paper, and getting wet, would become ruined and 
worthless. A bright thought, however, flashed across 
the mind of the susceptible Thompson ; and seeing the 
bottle, drained of its contents, lying in bold relief, on 
the bare floor, like some ancient grave yard, "the place 
of departed spirits, " he grasped it eagerly, and presenting 
it with that impulsiveness, that so characterizes the 
house of Thompson, exclaimed — "this is the bottle!" 
and suggested the happy idea of placing the roll of bills 
in it, and then corking it, trusting it to the water, 
attached as a caudal appendage, if need be, by a cord to 
some one of the party, and on reaching "terra firma" to 

* The gallant Sweeney was killed while nobly performing his duty. 
t Lieutenant Thompson had his foot shot ofl". 

16 



234 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 

have the satisfaction of having not only obtained their 
freedom, hut in the possession of ample funds, would 
hie them to their happy homes, in the land of "Dixie." 
All seemed delighted, and each extended the hand of 
congratulation, while the left was elevated by the assist- 
ance of the forearm to the auricular extremity of the 
head, which was the signal agreed upon, "all right." 
All seemed jubilant and sanguine, but there was one 
clouded brow, in that brilliant circle, it was ominous of 
shadowed thought. 

"Oh! cast that shadow from thy brow," all exclaimed, 
but there it was, on the massive forehead of the sprightly 
Sweeny. The veins upon his brow seemed to swell like 
the bounding billows of the " Mad lake, " whose surface 
he intended to bare his "manly breast to that selfsame 
night ; those eyes, that when influenced by heart emo- 
tions of pleasure, seemed to sparkle like some 'diamond 
buried in one of the catacombs of Egypt, or like the 
application of castile soap to the cranium of some ancient 
Zouave, whose capillary substance has yielded to the 
stroke of time, that unrelenting destroyer, and expose 
from some dark corner, its shining surface, but to be 
more strikingly like the reflection of a smooth quarter 
in a rat hole. . The hue of his formidable moustache 
darkened with those sad features, and like some frowning 
promontory, added an eclipse to the usually happy ex- 
pression of a mouth wreathed with smiles, that now 
compressed its lips like the door of the cave in "AH 
Baba's" time, when the magic word "Sesame" had been 
pronounced in commanding tones. In this case 'twas 
bottle, the clenched teeth gritted together like the shock 
some closing fissure of some convulsed system, and he came 
out with his pent up feelings barely restrained, in one loud 
acclaim, "How can the money begotten out of the bottle?" 
The crowd of anxious friends, who had awaited the results 
of the mountain in labor, felt like an Ateas, or the old 
man of the mountain, had been removed from their shoul- 
ders, and the sunshine of satisfaction illumined the coun- 
tenances of the re-assured crowd. It seems that the 
history of the " apple dumplings" had not been imparted 



SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 235 

to the youths in their early course of studies, and therefore 
the abstraction of substances from vacuums as imbecile, 
as one of the merry monarchs said in Merrie England, 
when presented with the mysterious compound, "y'e clept 
apple dumplings," " Pray good dame," quoth he, " how 
got the apples in ?" But with Sweeny, the problem that 
required solution, was, " quoth he," how will you get the 
money out ? Excitement was depicted on each rueful fac< i, 
as they thought of the danger they had ran, and all looked 
upon Sweeny as the discoverer looks upon a Kane, a 
Marcapola, a Columbus, or a Bilbo ; and never did as 
much consternation exhibit itself than on this occasion, 
when they awoke to a perfect realization of the dangers 
they had escaped. 

Mutual congratulations ensued on the narrow escape of 
thefparty from pecuniary annihilation, and the entire 
party concluded to retire for that night, with a conscious- 
ness, that some other plan must be adopted to effect their 
deliverance, as the failure of the Zouaves, and the risk of 
getting their money wet, disturbed their raft evolutions, 
and they retired to their cubby -holes, satisfying their in- 
tellects, that getting out was not what it was cracked up 
to be, and that scaling, sprawling, or squatting would not 
pay. They felt, that to cross Sandusky bay on a raft 
might do for a seal or walrus, but not lor a Confederate, 
and to land in the North without a cent, Stockdell says, 
is the next thing to supping with Pluto ; and Jessie Tay- 
lor being a man of sense, he added his voice, and the raft 
was abandoned ; Campbell determining he would humph 
himself off, in some dryer way — such as reading my ac- 
count of it. 

Captain Hayden, of Tennessee, sits at his window, and 
as he sees the boats come in view, says, as he retreats 
from the window, " Don't look, boys, treat them with 
silent contempt," and all drew back. It seems magical, 
the campus that a few moments before had been alive 
with Confederates, seem to catch the inspiration, and all 
rapidly withdraw to their quarters, leaving the vulgar 
curiosity of the insulting songsters, with their " Stars and 
stripes," and " The red, white and blue," to luxuriate in 



236 SCRAPS FEOM THE PRISON TABLE. 

full view of a tamer heather in the plain walls of our 
quarters. It was a good joke on the small fry quill 
drivers'oi the nine-inch sheets across the bay, in trying 
to drum up customers, for a pleasure excursion on an old 
hack -boat, to enlarge upon the " sight," on Johnson's 
island. 

Captain Hay den is in the engineer corps, is an experi- 
enced engineer, and one of the best informed men in the 
" bull-pen," a deep thinker, a careful reader, of much of 
the German scholasticism about him; a great believer in 
the mysteries of nature, like your humble author, and a 
man whose mind seems to accept all outward natural 
influences. I like to argue with the captain, as he has 
much of that courtliness of the Virginian of the old school, 
he being a native of the Old Dominion, although a Ten- 
nessee volunteer, and this, with his travels and his fleep 
researches, makes him a reliable companion, as well as a 
pleasing one. If he does oppose my theory of " like be- 
getting like," in figure and mind, but more particularly 
in complexions anil outlines, I argue that constant associ- 
ations with any or each element in the physical world, 
produces a likeness in each, that attracts a close observer 
to the strong assimilation even in ideas. I believe, the 
man or woman, who lives constantly in the woods, with 
no companion but the brave old oaks and the tight bark 
hickories, and the rude and compact cane, will ultimately 
become hard in visage, rude in manners, and partake of the 
humaness of the wild nature they associate with. Con- 
tact with the animal, constant seeing and rubbing against 
the crudeness of the tangled forests, or the dense and regal 
woods, is as effective in forming not only physical traits, 
but also physiognomy, as the power of education or associ- 
ation forms the personelle and the manners. Did you ever 
see people who looked like animals ? I have. SomV? 
people look like the bark upon the forest trees, and their 
manners are like their countenances. Captain Hayden 
says, 'tis the result of impressions, produced at certain 
seasons, upon certain parts of the human family. I don't 
think so. I look upon it as the result of associations. 
Cities give polish ; there is much corruption in their pur- 



SCEAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 237 

lieus, but it is refined; 3*011 are murdered with a simle, 
and robbed with a salam, yet enjoy it more than the 
"stand and deliver of the road." In speaking of the 
woods, I don't mean the country entire, with its honesty 
and candor, its soothing influences of quiet and content- 
ment, but I allude to the wild woods. 

The Fourth of July was decorously observed, and in a 
manner becoming officers on such a day and in such a 
place, upon tile soil of our forefathers, where we are now 
victims of the most abominable despotism in the universe, 
resembling more the terrorism of the Visigoths and Van- 
dals. The Fourth of July, two years ago, I passed a 
happy one in Europe, as a representative otHhe happiest 
and the most powerful government in the world ; to-day 
I am a prisoner of war, held by the fiat of a kingdom, a 
usurper, one whom the Almighty seemed to have placed 
at the head of a government destined to destruction. No j 
great man would have been allowed to have occupied the 
seat of the head of such a corrupt dynasty, and it seems 
a part of the Divine wisdom, to have put the right man 
in the right place. All are quiet, it seems, like the Sab- 
bath. I repeat it, on this the 4th day of July, 1862, in 
prison on Johnson's island, the Confederate officers acted 
well. I have episoded on this chapter, but if you are 
willing to put up with the literary crumbs, that fall from 
the tin-plates of my oaken, greasy table, why, you will be 
compelled to accept my " scraps" with a good grace, as 
stated, two years ago, I passed a Fourth July in Europe, 
and being honored by the receipt of an invitation to dine 
at Brussels, from the American Minister,. General Fair. 
1 General Fair, Minister to Belgium, is an. honest, hospi- 
table gentleman, gave good dinners, and always had on 
hand a bottle of "eye opener." His office and drawing- 
rooms were always open to his American friends. He is 
a true Southern man, and deserves well of the South. 

Mrs. Fair is polite, fragile, but with a great spirit, arid 
any quantity of active energy. Mrs. Fair, in fact, is one 
of the best feminine diplomats I met in Europe, is an 
esteemed friend of the Ducthess of Brabant, and has the 
entre of the best society in Europe. 



238 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 

Miss Rose Wyatt, Mrs. Fair's niece, is a beautiful girl 
of sixteen summers, accomplished and intelligent. The 
above were the family, to whose courtesy I am indebted, 
for much of the pleasantness of my sojourn in Brussels, 
the beautiful capital of Belgium. The General and family 
are residents of Montgomery, Alabama. I took a dinner 
on the 4th with this agreeable family. 

Mrs. Bass,* of Louisiana, is an elegant woman in car- 
riage, a tout ensemble of Parisian mould, 'the result of 
constant attendance in the best society of the continents 
of Europe and America, superb taste, and an inexhaustible 
supply of this world's goods. You have before you the 
widow Bass, of Louisiana, one of the most stylish women 
I met in my travels in Europe. Her brother was on my 
left, quite an agreeable young 'man, now in our army and 
a good officer. Judge Cobb, of Georgia, a delegate from 
the cotton planters association, a man of venerable ap- 
pearance, and much information. 

J. Hunt Strother,f of Missouri, a gentleman who is 
connected by marriage with some of the nobility of 
Austria, w r as one of my personal friends, and a whole- 
souled gentleman. A residence of twelve years in the 
capitals of Europe, had made him aufait in all that 
appertains to the first order of society. I'll never forget 
an incident that occurred in Brussels, in which he figured. 
The " octoire " duties had been abolished by the repre- 
sentatives in Congress, and approved of by King Leopold, 
and was to go into effect by a popular demonstration of 
the Burgeois of the city and environs. This " octoire "J 
duty was a special -tax on all liquors and meats that came 
within the barriers, (i. e.) the corporate or municipal 
limits. The tax was about one cent per pound, on meats, 



* Wife of the Italian .Minister, (1807,) to the United States. 

f Hunt Strother's sister married the Baron Fahrenburgh. She is one of the 
handsomest, and most hospitable of the nobility of Europe. 

J There is no octoire duty in America, but ladies were searched during the 
war, by many of the defenders of the " old flag," bureaus broken into, work 
baskets examined for bombs.hells, and everything stolen — old Butler the 
Beast— that could be laid hauds ou ; no privacy respected, missionaries to 
foreign lands forsooth. There is not a mother in the world who would be 
guilty of the excesses of the miscreants who plundered Selma, and sacked 
Columbia. 



SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 239 

and about twelve dollars on a cask of wine ; and as a 
city improved, and the residences went up in squares, 
outside the prescribed limits, their female occupants were 
liable to be searched for anytlring possibly contraband in 
satchel or redicule. Of course, although the loss of 
revenue was some three millions of dollars, yet the abating 
of the nuisance was hailed with unfeigned delight by the 
class alluded to, particularly aided in their expressions of 
joy by the Burgeois, who anticipated cheap meats and 
wine. "Hunt" and myself, concluded as our residence 
in Brussels had as yet produced no uprorious results, we 
would engage in the rejoicings of the good Burgeois of 
the city, and give them a touch of western hilarity. 
The clock struck twelve, and the day that was thus timely 
ushered in to herald the going into effect of the freedom 
of outside productions in their transit, was made wild with 
the cheers that greeted a wagon loaded with beef, mutton, 
beer and wine. The crowd numbered thousands, and 
they gave vent like most of foreigners, to a sort of growl. 
I have said cheer ; 'tis not on that order. It is to the 
cheer of an American, like the war-whoop of an Aborigne 
was to the early settlers upon Plymouth rock. We passed 
to the front and commenced a series of whoops; the 
sensation was electric. We still continued. Like a host 
of fiends were after them, they took up the cry, and not 
since the departure of the crusaders, or the finding the 
mannikin, did the streets of Brussels ring with the vo- 
ciferations of the aroused and excited citizens. We 
thought the storm was at its height, and left, going to the 
Prince of Wales' coffee house, and taking — a glass of 
" 'alf and 'alf." This was my only spree in Brussels 
with Hunt Strother, or " any other man." 

Corr Van Damaren sat opposite to me. This gentleman 
was judge of the tribunal of commerce, president of the 
board of free traders, and the Cobden of Belgium, an 
able exponent of the system he advocated. Speeches 
were made, and all were gay. This gentleman alluded to 
an audience I had with the Duke of Brabant, one of the 
most thorough gentlemen I ever met, and a fit scion of 



240 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 

that astute King Leopold,* and remarked, looking at the 
hand the Duke had removed his glove to shake, said to 
me, " I'd never wash that hand again, as long as I lived." 
It was a pleasant gathering and characteristic of General 
and Mrs. Fair ; but this Infair of the ever memorable 
anniversary of the independence of the United States of 
America, although more festive, is not of as much moment 
as the day itself in prison on Johnson's island. " A long 
way round, you will say," I've no doubt, but as I started 
out to write as I felt, as I wished, and as I know how, I 
am going to do the same in this and all succeeding "scraps." 
We drink no champagne here. Some messes, I believe, 
had whiskey. The sick in the hospital, had some "knick 
nacks," puddings perhaps. 

Our next Fourth of July, I hope, will be in the happy 
land of Dixie. I have closed this chapter. It has been 
called watery by Captain Jones, of Kentucky, a splendid 
fellow, a staff officer of Tilghman's, and a dashing soldier. 
Jones is with us daily, and we take liberties, (at times, 
something else.) Jones says it is watery, but if so, 'tis 
variety, and as variety is the spice of sublunary things, I 
have concluded to put it in the bunch or bundle of " scraps" 
I offer to a nation of epicures. It is growing dark, and 
the Fourth of July is lost in the sultry retrospection. 

Prison life is the best index to the character in the 
world, and if within the reach of all,- students of morality 
would be the graduating class, for school hours, those 
devoted to tare and tret, and the syntax and prosody, 
" Ego amo" declamation and composition, are the 
preparatory ingredients to form the man ; but the moulding 
is by contact with the outer world, and it is only by rub- 
bing against the various phases of society, that the mind 
is matured and fitted for the active duties of a deceptive 
world, filled with every incentive to err, and alive with 
vice in a myriad of shapes and fancies. Our youth have 
an entire misconception of life, its aims, its demands, and 
its obligations ; the effects of which want of information 
shows disastrous results all through life's journey. I've 

* The present King of Belgium, Leopold, is the most intelligent gentleman 
I met in Europe, having a quick apprehension, and comprehensive conception. 



SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 241 

seen and mingled with all grades of society, and have seen 
much of that class, vulgarly called " big men," and like 
all hills that seem green and grassy in the distance, or 
like huge mountains, or deep vales, encountered in the 
path, seem small when you approach them, and the mass 
of " big men" I've seen, are quite common when you 
approach them, and if half the youth of our country 
could be taught the habits and different usages of first- 
class society, after they are on the way, or have attained 
the full zenith of their ambition, they would, (if moral,) 
cease to have that reverence for legislators, and that awe 
of " big men," statesmen and warriors. Much of the 
dignity and pride you see in men is assumed ; 'tis a false 
key played upon ; it is the same disguise used by the actor, 
put on to suit his role ; frequently like the clown, so flimsy 
as to be penetrated by the child. How many men are to 
the world what they really are in their natural selves i 
About one in a hundred. Frederick the Great, was an 
intelligent monarch, yet would get upon his all fours and 
play horse for his children. Napoleon cooked omelets, 
Webster had an uxorious love of stock, and one of the 
last acts of his life was to have some Ayrshire cattle 
brought to liis window to gaze upon, with a mind and 
heart free from anxiety, and full of innocent amusements. 
'Tis true that these men of great intellects are the effects 
of a reactionary influence, like that great void or hollow- 
ness after too much laughter, the nervous depression after 
excitement, or vice versa, calm and sadness will be fol- 
lowed by storm and hilarity. But few men live one life 
to themselves and the world. The mass of great men 
put their manners and feelings on like they do their 
cloaks. 

Colonel Jabez Smith,* of Arkansas, is a quiet, mild 
gentleman, one you would take for a draw-back upon 
enterprise, from his easy and loose manner of quiet, and 
his reserved style generally, yet stir up the inner man of 
" Jabez Smith," and you have a lion in the path. 

Colonel Clark, of the Sixth Tennessee, is a gentleman 

* Necessity for a knowledge of the world to Colonel Jabez Smith, one of 
the best judges of human nature in the pen. 



242 Scraps from the prison table. 

of pleasant and agreeable manners, has a large quantity 
of the "man of the world" in him, an officer, I am con- 
fident, who is loved by his command ; yet Colonel Clark 
is a quiet man, nothing of the braggart, but on the field, 
I'll wager, is full of metal. You would, if a casual ob- 
server, misunderstand him. 

Major Brown, of the Fiftieth Tennessee, is a modest 
lawyer, (i. e. if there is such an animal,) a thorough gen- 
tleman, and one of the mildest men in prison, but if I am 
any judge of charactar, he is one of the firmest in our 
circles, ana one to whom the most dangerous enterprises 
could be entrusted. I like Major Brown ; he is a christian 
gentleman, a cool, calm, kind and generous officer. I 
have simply touched these characters off, as they are in 
prison, and as, I think, they are at home. 

Captain Blake, of Kentucky, is the hospital steward, 
and is confined strictly to the hospital and its duties, is a 
good liver, and is quite faithful in his attentions to the 
sick. Blake looks more like a festive and gay man of the 
world, fond of a " smash" in the morning, and the opera 
at night, than an attentive and kind man to the sick and 
needy. I know the character of Captain Blake, simply 
from a little occurrence. I was indisposed, and there 
was an embargo on spirits ; Blake administered a brandy- 
toddy ; it cured me. I don't know where Captain Blake 
obtained it, but as the Nigga said, "'twas powerful good." 
Blake, like many of us, in prison is natural, out of prison 
we are artificial. I know some individuals here that, when 
they get out, will, if asked, if they knew so and so, as a 
seedy personage passed, who has nodded, " Oh ! yes, 
slightly, a mere watering-place acquaintance, not at Sara- 
toga, Cape May, or Biloxi — no, Johnson's island." "Ah ! 
ha!" says the stranger, as he walks off. "Snob," the 
leaver of outdoors has worked, and the natural man of 
Johnson's island becomes the artificial scrub of Canal 
street. 

I would ask my readers, to take a careful survey of 
prison life. Study man in his two lives, the inner and 
the outer, and he will learn much. Man's study is man. 
There are many influences that may tend to warp a man's 



SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 243 

natural instincts, and avocation .nay change him unbe- 
known to himself; yet this is the exception, not the rule. 
The man is a victim of society, and with all its despotism, 
he, is held under its tyrannical rod by iron hands, in spite 
of himself, and while conforming to its rigidity, he licks 
the rod that chastises him. So to avoid the seeming des- 
tination of youth, let him read his history of the world 
early, not pore over them in old age, instruct him in 
character, and teach him that the world is a great volume 
in paragraphs, illustrated with its plates, highly colored, 
whose attractions are apt to attract from more sedate 
colorings, and as he turns over each new leaf in the won- 
derful book, see that lie leaves no thumb-marks, and don't 
let him suffer, as many do, by a sad experience, that says, 
well, I'll profit by this example, and be instructed for the 
next emergency. But, unless schooled, the student is 
never profited, but is attacked by new issues, until ex- 
perience comes too late. If you want your boy to have 
the instincts of a man, bring him to Johnson's island, and 
let him study human natural nature. 

I am, in this " scrap," on another tack, as I found out, 
upon a critical analysis, that I was getting prosy ; and 
then again, I find it difficult to adopt any singleness of 
style, for instance : it would not do to attempt a novel, 
because you will say, Bulwer, James, Scott, or Maryatt are 
good enough for you ; nor a history — McCauly's or Pres- 
cott's works will suit ; and as to the blood and thunder 
of periodicals, why Emerson Bennett will answer. So 
what should I write ? Anything I please ! Just exactly 
what I have done, what I am doing, and what I intend 
to do. I have in some previous "scraps" alluded to 
various subjects, such as forces, politics, connection be- 
tween mind and matter, and etc. 

I will now present a peculiar theory of mental disease, 
believing as I do, that there are periodical mental visita- 
tions, as well as physical epidemics ; that " free loveism"* 
is a disease. Abolitionism and Mormonism, and all 

Turkey is caller] " the sick man," because political]}' diseased. As the cru- 
sade against the South in 1862, history will prove to be as fearful a political 
and moral disease, as the plague of London in the seventeenth century. 



244 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 

influences that tend to revolutionize society, is as much 
a disease as the small-pox or yellow fever, and the mental 
powers can be easily caught by the infection that a 
man can imagine himself ill, (like the old man in the field, 
who had put on his son's vest, entirely too small for him, 
imagined. himself bit by a snake, and that he was swelling 
under the influence of the poison, was only relieved on his 
son arriving; with his father's vest dangling around him :) 
the mind contemplating, makes it susceptible, or like the 
passage o/ the angel of the plague into grand Cairo, 
when asked how many he intended to destroy, replied 
3,000 ; on coming out was informed 15,000 had died, 
retorted, I only killed 3,000, the rest died of fear. The 
fright was as much an epidemic as the loathsome disesase 
itself. The mind is delicately susceptible, and assisted by 
the imagination ; then reflected to other imaginations, 
inspires enthasiasm or inflicts despair, and there has not 
been an age or even a year, but some disease, social or 
political, has run like wild fire through society. 'Twas 
the case in the South, and particularly so in the State of 
Mississippi, from 1831 to 1842. -Much of the effects of 
this epidemic that was called the " Duello," was wit- 
nessed by the author. Randolph and Tom Benton, had 
their opinion of the " code." Randolph changed his 
opinion three times in his life ; once strongly advocated 
the principle, then condemned, then again became a 
supporter. During a latter stage of opinion, he fought 
Mr. Clay, Randolph's argument, was "Duelling" is individ- 
ual war. I will give an instance of the feeling existing at 
that time in Vicksburg, Misssssippi, the rendezvous of 
such men as S. S. Prentiss, McClung, , Robbins, and a 
host of others, gallant men, whose bravery was made the 
avenue to mislead them to (what is deemed by many) 
barbaric encounters. I was at the school of an old 
gentleman whom we all loved and feared, for he did not 
spare the ferule or the birch. It was 1838, when, one 
bright morning, all Vicksburg was crossing the river to 
the "battleground," as the encounters were all in one 
place and of frequent occurrence, as any stranger who 
visited Vicksburg, contemplating settlement, if a pro- 



SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 245 

fessional gentleman, had of necessity to fight a duel, to 
establish his claim to gentility. The river was covered 
with skiffs or canoes, (usually called dugouts?) as it was 
always a gala day, and witnessed with as much gusto. as 
a " bull-fight " in Spain, or the old English and French 
tournaments of the good old day of legalized chivalry 
The duel came off at 7 A. M., between Judge Lake,* and 
Tom Robbins ;| the former killed twenty years afterwards, 
in a duel with rifles, (not long ago,) the latter, a distin- 
guished Mississippian, but a native of Pennsylvania, died 
in the insane asylum, 'tis said, at Philadelphia,' the place 
of his nativity. I, with the other boys, crossed the river 
to see the fight, anticipating to get back in time for school 
'hours, 9 a. m., but the duel was postponed until 10 A. 
m., and we feeling disappointed, started back and darted 
into the school yard as the bell rang, much excited by 
our race to get back in time, as boys will loiter, and we 
were boys. 

" Where have you boys been ?" 

" To see the duel." 

" Did it come off?" . 

" No, sir." 

" Well, when is it to be decided ?" 

" Ten, to-day, Mr. Lewis." 

"Why you young rap-scallions, why didn't you stay 
and report the results? School is dismissed, you have 
been good boys and shall have a holiday. Bring me my 
pony, (which as he was lame he ahvays rode,) and I'll 
go and see the fight." 

He did go, saw it ; his pony strayed off, and our good 
old master was three days finding him, and of course we 
had a jolly good time. So much for the duel fever of 
183-. Judge- Lake's gun snapped, (they fought with 
double-barreled shot guns,) the latter lowered his gun 
magnanimously, and shot him in the knee. Sargeaut 
S. Prentiss came from Portland, Elaine, to Mississippi ; 
a quaint, mild, gentlemanly master of the ferule. In 
five years he was the "Ney" of the State in the " code." 

* Judge Lake, one of Mississippi's distinguished sons. 

fTom Robbius was a Pennsylvanian, and the soul of chivalry. 



246 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 

You see at once how catching the disease was, and in 
spite of the many flings at the "Yankees," they seemed 
to have been more violently attacked than the denizens 
of the fighting latitude themselves. Prentiss' life has 
been written, and I shall briefly allude to a man that I 
loved, "They say," and as "Burr" said, witheringly; 
"don't tell me what they say," that the brilliant orator 
drank, that he gambled; well, so he may have done, 
and how few great men but do. Nine men of brains out 
often, are men of sensibility, of ambitious hopes, of great 
nervousness, and in ninety-nine times in a hundred, are 
men of disappointed aims and" desires. Again, men who 
attain a position in the world, do it at the sacrifice, (in a 
large majority of cases,) of the physical. man; the intense 
application of mental, the continued strains upon the 
nerves, require artificial stimulants. Some fly to the 
card-table, some to the bottle, and others to other 
sources of dissipation. Men of mediocrity seldom drink, 
(of course I leave out the church,) it is only the two 
classes ; the blackguard in the gutter, or the man of 
genius of high tone, who feels that the world is selfish, 
that dollars are almighty with the masses, and the 
plating of society silvered by peculation, is fastened 
upon a corrupt system, that, like a corporation, is soulless, 
and is represented by the "Hickmans" and McFlimsys of 
society. The man of heart and soul feels all this, and is 
driven to some excitement to quell the emotions of 
disgust, that rise in his heart when contemplating society 
from such a standpoint. A society that will say to the 
soldier,* who perhaps after suffering for months in camp, 
from disease and exposure, comes home maimed and 
broken up in constitution and in purse ; .and after the 
war is over, and trade has resolved into its original 
channels, and preferment is in the current of peace, 
when war is forgotten by those who did not go into it, 
and those who did, have no power to do good, he 
asks a pittance, it may be he has imbibed too much, 

* la the South he has but little advantage, and in the North he may be seen 
the recipient of coppers, as he handles the organ's crank in the place of the 
musket. 



SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 247 

what matter, he is broken down and feels sick at heart, 
when gazing on the tinsel of society, that glitters past 
him, unconscious of the suffering he has endured for his 
country and his flag, and he is desperate and asks for 
help, the reply is: "We have so many calls of similar 
character, it is impossible to supply the demand ; 
George, give this man a dollar." The money is thrown 
upon the counter, by a sleek young gentleman, whose 
future is in the color of his meerschaum, and the gloss 
of his hair, with the expression, "These fettars are 
very annoying." He takes the dollar, and unless he 
wants a drink badly, throws it at his head, damning the 
world by sections, and feeling that ambition and patriot- 
ism are the results of the ideal and imaginative, and not 
intended for practical life, unless their votaries are the 
children of property. Prentiss saw things in this light. 
He was disgusted. Then he loved certain society, he 
was in bad health, and then, what if he did drink, so did 
Webster, so do most all great men. The author is no 
apologist for this vice, believes in the use and not abuse, 
and only drinks upon two occasions; one is, when he is 
invited, the other, when dry. The duel and street 
fights of those years would fill a score of volumes, there- 
fore have no place in this work. I have merely alluded 
to the principle, and only partially to the actors in the 
drama. 

Duelling is not the proper settlement of difficulties, out 
of the army or navy, there where men have united them- 
selves to make a business of lighting. The "code," 
ought most certainly to be accepted, but I ignore it in 
civil life, as barbarous in the extreme, as there is no 
equality between the good and bad shot, the splendid 
and indifferent swordsman, or the athletic and the pig- 
my, (with the bowie,) you can't place men upon an 
equal footing in the field, and when they are, it makes 
no difference, because they seldom fight* I speak of the 



* One of the most udlculous customs, is that of field arrangements. Settle- 
ments should be made before they reach the ground. A good business for a 
tactician in the "code" would be to opeu a broker's office, charging a per cent- 
age, to make honorable adjustments. 



248 SCRAPS FROM THE # PRISON TABLE. 

rule, not the exception. I must admit, I have been 
nearly drawn into rashness, which might have resulted in 
a duel, but if so, had I escaped, would have felt that I 
had abandoned my principles, and sacrificed my moral 
worth to the severe demon of a false sense of honor, for- 
merly called the "code," by a false society, that has for 
its stand point, punctillio, that only a fraction compre- 
hend, and they mutilate the part they pretend to 
accept. I see that I am compelled to start on some 
other subject, as details of men, and their actions become 
tiresome to the reader, where there are so many men of 
genius and note in the land, and. if I am wearying my 
reader, why I feel sorry for it, but he or she will pardon 
this apology and digression, when I tell them, that in 
this " bull-pen," there are some thousand Confederate 
officers, possibly eight hundred of them under thirty 
years of age. These men are, some of them at least, 
men of the first order of talent, and with the world be- 
fore them, many of them will make their mark, therefore 
I deem it may- be interesting in after life to read them, 
and know who they are. Now, there goes Captain 
Vance Thompson, of Columbia, Tennessee. He passes 
by with a light active step, and a certain suaviter in 
modo, showing the careless and easy man of the world, 
yet Vance Thompson is one of the most brilliant speakers 
in the State, and formerly beat one of our ablest men for 
a seat in the Legislature, and you would not think 
it to look at him. Men become creatures of habit, 
and like all men of talent, Thompson conforms to cir- 
cumstances, and yields to habit. 

Speaking of habits and brilliant men, and how 
men under the influence of this force will exhibit it, I 
remember being at a dinner in Paris, given to Americans 
by Charles J. Faulkner, assisted by some liberal Ameri- 
cans, Monroe & Co, , the celebrated bankers, and several 
others of the wealthy Americans, residents of the city. 
" Deney," the liberal French millionaire, whose wine 
cellars in champagne, had three millions of bottles at that 
time. "Deney," with princely munificence, furnished 
the wine, and with generous politeness, assisted in dis- 



SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE 249 

pen sing and discussing it. It was a Fourth of July affair, 
and promised to be grand. Among the guests present, 
was "Big Beverly Tucker," consul to Liverpool, who 
had come to Paris, (he said,) for his rheumatism, I 
thought, for the frolic. Beverly Tucker, is a good liver, 
like all of our foreign and consulor agents abroad, and 
when the Southern Confederacy is recognized, Tucker 
will get something. I'm sure he is the man for a fat 
office, and I think he deserves it. "Gus" Conover, of 
New Yoik, was there. It is this gentleman that allowed 
himself to be caught in the net of the Fowler, to the 
tune of some $50,000, when said Fowler was postmaster 
of New York city. I look upon Conover as a man of fine 
character. George Law's son, of the same city, a pleasant 
young man of good manners, not spoiled by the immense 
means his father's fortune furnished. The author's 
secretary was there, Lush Taliafero, of Newport, Ken- 
tucky. This young gentleman, now a lieutenant in the 
Federal army, has at least one virtue, that of being the 
son of Mrs. F. M. Parker, one of the best women of 
Kentucky. " Lush" is a lion among the ladies, and of 
a tout ensemble, that would stamp the child of fortune, 
(born with a gold spoon in his mouth.) I again met Mr. 
Cobden at this point, and he had the same placid smile, 
ready conversation, that discovers so easily, to even a 
casual observer, the politician. There are some three 
hundred more, whose names would not interest any one, 
and in fact I don't know that these will, but it is in the 
bill, and I am compelled to go through with the per- 
formance, but I'll make it short. 

I intended to state, that man is a creature of habit. 
Now amidst other festive demonstrations, it was necessary 
to have a speech ; so the Honorable Charles J. Faulkner 
was called upon. It must be considered, that it was get- 
ting late in the day, and that wine had been used ad libi- 
tum. The courteous Minister rose, and said : " Fellow 
countrymen, upon this anniversary of our national inde- 
pendence, we feel that it behooves us to celebrate it in a 
manner becoming worthy sons of those noble sires, who 
fought, bled, and died, in Freedom's cause — and stand- 
17 



250 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 

ing, as I do, here beneath these wide-spreading elms — ." 
Here I left, as there was not a tree in a half mile, and I 
felt satisfied, 'twas the force of habit, and nothing else, 
showing the influence of Fourth of July orations, at points 
where there were wide-spreading elms. 

There goes another officer, passing my window as I 
write, always grinning, ever humorous, and constantly in 
fun or frolic, ready for cards, ball, fight, or a foot-race. 
Who is he? The Blood Hound. Yes; that agree- 
able looking individual is Captain Harris, called, by 
common consent, the " Tennessee Blood Hound." It is 
hard to realize, that a man can smile and kill ; yet they 
say Harris will take a chew of tobacco, and draw a bead 
upon the enemy's eye with equal non-chalance. There 
is something in the depths of that man's flashing eye, that 
reveals the unrest of ill-restrained passion, that like the 
snake, charms while it stings. I don't like to fight men 
like Harris ; yon are hurt before you know it ; a laugh 
one minute, and a death-blow the next. 

This is a great place to study human nature — this 
prison. Look at Lieutenant-colonel Wood, of the famous 
Natchez troop of cavalry. There he goes, coat off, hat in 
hand ; he is playing town-ball, running and cheering as 
lustily as the youngest player in the party — the entire set 
looking like the boys upon the college campus. And yet 
see Colonel Wood in the fray, amid the clash of sabres 
and shriek of minies, and he is a tiger, a brave, gallant, 
dashing soldier. Lieutenant-colonel Wood is a son of 
the surgeon-general of the United States army. 

There goes a Texas Ranger ; buckskin hunting-shirt, 
and leggins of the same material. If any man has read 
the tales of our borders, Texas and her conflicts with the 
Mexican and the savage, he has not failed to feel inte- 
rested in the history of these rangers. Recklessly brave, 
splendid horsemen, (as they ride like the Commanches, 
while the animal is at full speed, picking a coin from the 
ground, while they retain the saddle,) and of great power 
and endurance, they are formidable enemies. Captain 
Austin is one of these, and is a man of fine physique and 
prepossessing manners. A good idea suggests itself to me 



SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 251 

for cavalry ; it is the ranger's. Take a cup, fill it with all 
kinds of spices, take a peck of corn-meal, swing it in a bag 
over your horn or crupper, and when hungry, take a tea- 
spoonful of spice, half a cup of corn-meal, mix with water, 
and 'twill satisfy you for the day in an emergency. The 
above quantity will sustain life in a nourishing manner 
for twenty days. 

In looking out of my window, at the few representa- 
tives of that famous . battery, the Point Coupe artillery, 
who are with us in prison, I am forcibly impressed with 
the fact, that some of the best blood of America is con- 
fined within these prison walls. Lieutenant Legendre, a 
young Creole, of New Orleans, and a cousin of General 
Beauregard, is now promenading the campus. He is one 
of the most courtly looking gentlemen in prison ; his face 
alternating in flashes of pleasant thought and clouds of 
present troubles, expressed in the glittering eye, and 
frowning brow ; he is possibly thinking of the Crescent 
City, of Royal street, and the St. Louis, and of his pleas- 
ant home ; which thoughts are broken by the reality of 
his foul imprisonment, and the fiery Frenchman frets. 
They are a great people, .the Creoles of Louisiana ; and 
among the most distinguished soldiers in the Confederate 
service, are those who have been fledged under the wing 
of the pelican. 

Lieutenant D'Aubigne is a descendant of the great 
writer of that name, and to look at the pensive cast of 
features and thoughtful brow, you can easily discover 
traces of the author of the history of the Reformation. 
These young Frenchmen are disinterested patriots, having 
left affluence and position behind them, to face, disease, 
death, or imprisonment, for the cause they have espoused. 
In them we see the days of chivalry revived, and they 
should feel, that it is no disgrace to be a prisoner. Lafay- 
ette languished in prison, so did the present Emperor of 
France, and so have the great and good, of all ages, and 
we are but mortal, and must bend to the fiat of destiny. 
Yet our motto is, nil desperandum, which will sustain us, 
until we leave these quarters ; after which we hope to 



252 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 

have a better appreciation of the troubles of those who 
have suffered before us, and may come after us. 

To-day, prison life was illumined by a female form, one 
of grace and elegance, Mrs. Colonel Bryan, who visits 
her brother, Captain Sam. Thompson, a prisoner with us. 
Her appearance infused new life into our prison circles. 
It seems, as if there is something more soothing and 
refreshing in the rustle of female garments, than in any 
of the other modifiers of the prison worry ; the step of a 
gentle, loving woman, with her winning smile, and cheer- 
ful presence, are well-springs of joy to the sufferer. Mrs. 
Bryan, as she visited the hospital, conscious of nothing 
but woman's duties and her mission, seemed like a fairy 
visitation, to the sick and weary soldier, as she moved 
over the campus, the thousand prisoners thought of home, 
and their loved ones. This lady traveled thousands of 
miles, without an escort, subject to the inconveniences 
and exposure, incidental to such a trip, for the purpose of 
assisting in ameliorating the condition of the sick in pris- 
on, and provide for the comforts of her brother, one of 
the truest soldiers in the sendee. 

An ice-cream saloon has been opened under the cheering 
auspices of a warm day, and twelve hundred panting pris- 
oners. The conception of the institution, originated with 
Lieutenant D. B. Griswold, of the engineer corps ; who 
argued, that the prospects for getting out were rather 
slim — so he concluded lie would try and freeze out. Lieu- 
tenant Griswold makes cream for the sick, for which they 
seem quite grateful. The proprietor of this establishment 
is assisted by Lieutenant William Swiney, of Memphis, 
who is a brave and faithful soldier. Lieutenant Griswold 
has much humor, stands his imprisonment better than the 
best of us ; his spirits never flag, is always disposed to be 
accommodating, makes pies for others to eat, and rings 
for others to wear ; is always on hand at base-ball or crib- 
bage ; in fact, I don't know what we would do without 
" Griz." I first met the lieutenant at camp Chase. If 
it was wet, he was pleased ; if it was dry, it suited him as 
well ; hot or cold, it was all the same ; and with this 
happy faculty, for adaptation to circumstances, Lieutenant 



SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 253 

Griswold is enabled, to make himself one of the most 
agreeable gentlmen in prison. 

A squad of prisoners, who have been on parole, are 
now entering the "big gate." This arrival is attracting 
more than ordinary attention, as they have been on pa- 
role, and are supposed to bring us news. Captain Morton, 
of the Thirty-second Tennessee, steps in ; he is immedi- 
ately surrounded by a crowd of prisoners, and is distribu- 
ting the latest papers to his friends. Captain Morton has 
the reputation of being a fine officer. Lieutenant Weller 
is of Taylor's battery ; also an accomplished and energetic 
officer, is receiving the congratulations of his friends. 
Captain T. Wood and Colonel Steadman pass in, and the 
" big gate " closes. Colonel Steadman is one of the best 
soldiers, Alabama has sent to the field. Captain Wood 
is eminent for courage and judgment. 

In spite of the superintendent's falsehoods, threats, and 
misrepresentations, only four men have taken the oath : 
and to show the class of men, who are faithless, I will 
state that one is the poet — Bill Rupert ; his taking the 
oath is to be expected, when one refers to that c/umdoic 
effusion. Lieutenant Rupert is a native of Illinois, and 
was an assistant in a Southern restaurant. Another is 
Colonel Smith's ostler, who was allowed to come with us. 
He is a Swiss, and very ignorant. The other two are 
natives of Pennsylvania ; one of whom made a speech in 
Sandusky, the night of his release, in which he stated, he 
had been forced into the Confederate army. The San- 
dusky "Register," (that filthy sheet,) was honest enough 
to rebuke the author of this falsehood, in a well-timed 
article, the spirit of which was, that while they welcomed 
the traitors to their ranks, it was the first time they had 
ever heard of officers being forced into the army. Not 
one of these traitors was a Southern man. Placards had 
been posted in prison, inviting us to take the oath, which 
were torn down by the prisoners in five minutes. As the 
traitors went out, they received a succession of groans 
from the friends of the cause they had deserted. 



254 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 



CHAPTER X, 



ATTEMPT TO ESCAPE.-SIMPLICITY OF A PRISONER.-NERVOUSNESS 
IN PRISON.— LIEUTENANT RANKIN AND HIS CAT.— MRS. BATTEL.— 
A SINGLE ARRIVAL.— THE ABOLITION DEITY-ABRAHAM LINCOLN. 
—NOT AN ENGLISHMAN IN PRISON.— MEMPHIS "GONE UP."— MILI- 
TARY DISTINCTION.— "PETTY THIEVING."— FIRING BY PLATOONS. 
—"ARREST OF CIVILIANS."— WINDING UP OF "SCRAPS."— " TRIP 
TO DIXIE," etc. 

LIEUTENANT Green Duncan having heard of the 
brilliant exploits of Dick Turpin, also of the present 
puissant Emperor of France, Louis Napoleon's (the 
greatest statesman, with one of the most comprehensive 
military minds, of this, or any age, and whose history of 
Caesar stamps him as a profound thinker, and ripe scholar,) 
hegira from Ham, concluded that nothing is impossible, 
save the preservation of the republic of the United States, 
man having a capacity for self-government, having been 
proven an hypothesis of error, and in a few years, the 
sleek bell-ringer of the star chamber at the Federal Capital 
will accept peaceably, the robes of royalty, that a people 
(tied hand and foot) will tamely submit to see thrust 
upon him by his usurping colleagues ; and the little stars 
(those military satraps,) who float in the circle, (some of 
them in whiskey,) of their lord and master William 
H. Seward, will be as ready to imitate in this particular, 
as they have the excesses of the powers that be, in their 
crusade on the South, among the most prominent being 
William T. Sherman* and Philip Sheridan. | The night 



* General Sherman ordered thirty families out of Memphis, in 1862. as re- 
taliation, (so he said,) "your guerrillas firing on our transports." Why did he 
order out of Memphis, women and children, iuuoceut of any participation in 



SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 255 

was tearfully stormy, yet Duncan, with that intrepidity so 
peculiar to the citizens of that State that furnished the 
great Breckinridge, the most perfect gentleman, erudite 
scholar, and gallant soldier, that this century has produced. 
Where is the compeer of John C. Breckinridge of 
Kentucky ? — left the building, and groping his way to the 
open field, crawled to the fence, passing the stream of 
light that crossed the path from the reflectors, undiscovered, 
as he had taken the advantage of a drain, which ran to 
the lake, and which was covered with grass. He com- 
menced sawing one of the posts that supported the fence, 
when he struck a nail, and becoming excited, (and 
possibly a little vexed,) rather than wait until the tramp 
of the relief would deaden the sound, pulled at the plank, 
and it came off with a ripping sound, that vibrated from 
one end of the wall to the other, and most unfortunately, 
a sentinel whom he had not discovered in his eagerness 
to saw out, was on the wall immediately above him, who 
exclaimed, " halt," and lowered his musket. Duncan 
seeing the polished bayonet in the gloom, hallooed, 
" Raise your gun, you yankee scoundrel, or you are a 
dead man." The sentinel obeyed orders either from habit 
or imagining that the rebel had a torpedo in his pocket, 
and Duncan taking advantage of his surprise, ran like a 
turkey, and was soon too far in the murky gloom, for the 
balls (a score of which were fired at him,) to do any 
damage. The Lieutenant lost his saw, the Yankees some 

the so-called offences of their male relatives ? Why did he not rather, send 
out his gorrillas, selecting them from the Eighth Missouri, where they could 
have fought muu, instead of burning down houses, murdering inoffensive citi- 
zens? (as they did in the case of that esteemed citizen of Memphis, Columbus 
Alexauder, E-iq ) The reason he vented his spite on these defenseless families 
(the writer's being one of them,) was to carry out his doctrine, "that war is 
cruelty," a policy to which he faithfully adhered at Memphis and Atlanta. His 
boasted march to the sea, has been beaten by Weston, as it was only a feat of 
pedestiianism, there beiuy; no enemy in front of him. As a marauding expe- 
dition, it was a human sirocco, leaving nought but desolatiou in its track. 

f Sheridan boasted of having destroyed two thousand well filled barns in 
the valley Shenandoah ; Sherman left nothing of the property of their J'ellou^ 
citizens. Let the civilized world take these men, (with Butler, the beast; N. 
P. Banks, a nobody ; Schurz. a blasphemer ; Pope, the braggart ; that Munch- 
ausen Kilpatriek ; that English adventurer, Wyudarn,) and compare them 
with John C. Breckinridge, Robert E Lee, Joseph E. Johnson, Stonewall 
Jackson, Leouidas Polk, G. T. Beauregard, and Kirby Smith, and discriminate 
between the vandalism of the former, and the forbearance of the latter 



256 SCKAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 

ammunition, and the author obtained a sensational 
paragraph. 

As we moved from the depot to the boat, at Sandusky, 
Ohio, a densely packed crowd surrounded us, many of 
whom were women ; some of the latter abusing us in 
unmentionable language, and going so far as to spit at us, 
and it took the united efforts of the guard to prevent their 
mobbing us in that most damnable of all places, that sink 
of Abolitionism, where they mob defenceless prisoners, 
but don't send soldiers to the front unless they can find 
some poor Irishman* or German, who they can get drunk, 
enlist him, and then steal his bounty. While the rush of 
prisoners and of guards was making to the boat, one 
stalwart Confederate, with an immense overcoat enveloping 
his person, had lagged behind, but on noticing the last 
prisoner file off the gangway, and fearful of being left, 
rushed eagerly on to the stage-plank, where he was sud- 
denly halted by the guard. 

" Get off this boat, we don't want any of you fellows 
talking to rebel prisoners." 

" Let me pass, I am a rebel ?" 

" Get off, I tell you, or I'll stick about an inch of this 
bayonet into you." 

" If you don't think I'm a goodreb, look at my buttons," 
(unbuttoning his overcoat, displaying the well-known 
Confederate uniform to the astonished guard,) who said : 

" Get aboard, you're a d — d fool, than Thompson's colt" 

" That may be so, Yank, but Jim P. never deserts his 
crowd." 

The Lieutenant could have made his escape easily, by 
the aid of his citizen's coat, and if he had known as much 
as he does at present, it is probable he would, but as we 
only learn from experience, the Lieutenant may profit by 

* The United States Array was composed as follows : Germans, 176,800 ; 
Irish, 144/200 ; British Americans, 53.500 ; English, 45,500 ; other foreigners, 
48.400 ; nationalities unknown, 26,500 ; of the colored troops, (who fought 
nobly,) 200,000. Total, 694,900. Add to these, twelve or fifteen thousand 
officers, nine-tenths of whom were Americans ; the host of provost guards, 
teamsters, ambulance drivers, hospital attendants, assistant quartermaster 
and assistant commissary departments, and the other bomb-proof estab- 
lishments, all filled with native Americans, and w« find that of the thou- 
sounds who have been offered up to appease the thirst for blood of Yankee 
Abolition fanaticism, about seventy-five per cent, of them were foreigners. 



SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 257 

his lesson, and may not be so enthusiastic in his devotion 
to his crowd, the next time a Yankee guard attempts to 
change his front to rear, while moving towards a Yankee 
bastile. 

'Tis passing strange, how nervous one gets in prison. 
There goes Colonel John Minter, of the Fortieth Ten- 
nessee, as brave a man as ever drew a sword, yet John is 
dreadfully nervous in durance ; he walks to and fro, 
beating his breast in the region of the heart, until one 
could imagine he would loosen its pericardium. He 
imagines he has heart disease. Not a bit of it ; it is only 
pulsating in response to the beat of it's better half that is 
palpitating in unison, in the cheerless solitude of the 
colonel's old home in Dixie. There passes another 
nervous individual, Captain Humes ; he stalks about the 
Campus, brooding in nervous silence over his misfortunes. 
The captain is a man of mark, a one-idea'd man, who 
loses sight of all, but Ins objective point would make an 
enthusiast or a fanatic ; is of that class of men who make 
magnificent failures or achieve great results. I hope the 
latter, for the brave captain. The 'Tour d'Auvergne of 
the army, Colonels Baker and Avery, are decidedly ner- 
vous. When the news is favorable in relation to exchange, 
they dance and leap, and beat their heads against the 
wall ; when 'tis bad, they are among the most despondent. 
In applying the term nervous to these gentlemen, I use 
it in a double sense, colloquial and otherwise, for while 
the officers mentioned, are susceptible to nervous attacks, 
they have strong wills and resolute action. The writer, 
colloquially speaking, is nervous, and will continue to be 
so until he gets out of this pen, as no man of sensibility, 
can be calm under the abuse to which the prisoner is 
subjected. Nervousness, however, is not peculiar to the 
prisoner ; all men are nervous and imaginative. Colonel 
George H. Monsarratt, a distinguished officer of the 
Confederate States army, with one of the most compre- 
hensive minds I ever knew, said, " I asked Graves, whom 
I had visited a short while prior to his death, (and who 
was as true and brave a man as the State of Kentucky 
ever produced,) how he felt." "Ah, Monsarratt, my pain 



258 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 

is all here," said the sufferer, pointing to his groin, the 
place where he shot Cilley, of Maine, in that celebrated 
duel, in which General Webb played so distinguished a 
part. Graves was nervous and sensitive, yet of dauntless 
courage. The Honorable Solon Borland told me that 
on one occasion, a cannon ball passed near him, producing 
such an effect on his nervous system that he felt as if 
losing half his dimensions in his involuntary shrinking, 
and Colonel Borland was a man of unquestioned courage. 
I have known Alexander McClung, the great duellist, to 
pace his room the entire night with the candle burning, 
and McClung had the courage of alion. Ergo, nervousness 
is admissable in Johnson's island. I remember that 
gallant officer Lieutenant Samuel L. Cowan, who became 
so nervous in camp Chase, that he contrived to get out. 
A frigid individual would never "have made the trip." 
I believe the most of us are nervous, yet all don't show it. 
My accomplished friend, Dr. Becker, is passing under my 
window, humming a line from Goethe — 

"Kenast du das Land wo die Zitrouen bluehen." 

When the Doctor gets nervous,' he goes to his fiddle, 
which furnishes him with a pleasant auxilliary in warring 
against ennui. 

Lieutenant Rankin has a cat, (I do not give a history 
of Whittington and his cat,) the male of the story, i. e. 
the genus homo, (or possibly the cat may be a tommy for 
all I know,) who thought he would find the streets of 
London paved with gold, was mistaken as Rankin may 
be, if he thinks the paths of a prisoner are strewn with 
flowers. However, from his own standpoint, the cat- 
astrophe of his finale is not yet fully developed, as the 
gallant lieutenant thinks he may get out ; but, (that is a 
great word, it signifies a great deal, much depending on 
the application of the parlance,) Lieutenant Rankin has 
found a cat, and sits smoothing its glossy back, as happy 
as a mother with her first hopeful. I wonder if he thinks 
that the nature of this animal assimilates much to our own, 
rub a cat one way ninety-nine times, and it will purr, then 
tread on it's tail, and 'twill scratch ; do most men ninety- 



SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 259 

nine favors, and they respond amen, refuse their demand 
in a solitary instance, they forget the favors and abuse 
you. Lieutenant Rankin, however, intends to retain 
the cat, yet his delicate form leads us to believe that he 
will not get pussy. 

In addition to our cat, we have two ducks, two dogs, 
(I mean four-legged ones,) one hen and brood, and are 
beginning to feel quite domesticated, concluding to make 
a virtue of necessity, and if we can't get out, we'll raise 
stock. Lieutenant Rankin is a pleasant gentleman, 
remarkable for his great conversational powers and 
gallantry in the field, is a native of Kentucky, and one 
of the first volunteers from that great commonwealth, to 
respond to the call to arms to repel the vandal invader. 

Mrs. Battel,* the widow of the lamented son of that 
noble Tennessean, Colonel Battel, visited us to-day. It 
was a sad sight to see this young and estimable woman, 
in her mourning weeds, cut off from her protector, and 
compelled to buffet a heartless and pitiless world ; yet 
with her crushed feelings and her delicate constitution, 
she has passed the ordeal of insulting guards and wearisome 
travel, to visit the suffering and lonely, in prison. The 
visit of Mrs. Battel teaches us a lesson, that our mothers 
and sisters, wives and daughters, are displaying fortitude 
and courage, that would, if needs be, (like the Hindoo 
widow), mount the burning pile for our glorious cause. 

Lieutenant-colonel Bennett, of the Sixth Mississippi, 
arrived to-day. The arrival of one officer is barely 
noticed, yet Colonel Bennett being a positive character, 
did not fail to have his arrival heralded by a half dozen 
stragglers who had been watching the " biggate," wishing 



* The war exhibited to the world, the virtues and courage of Southern 
women, in action, prose and poetry. The energy and courage of Miss Belle* 
Edmonson, of Tennessee ; Belle Boyd, of Virginia; Mrs. Matlock, of Missis- 
sippi ; Miss Ann Nelson, Miss Nettie Coleman, of the same State, are 
a part of the history of our late struggle. The author well remembers the 
risks ran by these brave women, in assisting our cause. Compare their ac- 
tions, and the soul-stirring poetry of Miss Ready, L. Virginia Smith, of Louisi- 
ana, Estelle, (Mrs. Brown, of Memphis, Tennessee,) and a hundred others, 
famous in our sunny laud, with the fanatical, heartless Harriet Beecher Stowe ; 
the strong-minded, ugly, weak-headed Anna Dickinson, and a hundred others 
of such wishy-washy advocates of women's rights, and Southern ladies lose 
nothing by the comparison. 



260 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 

for the magical words, " Open, sesame," (which are as 
distant in reality, as the forty thieves of Alababa are to 
the same ilk in Hoffman's battalion, not duces,) or for 
the strength of Samson to lift the gates as he did those of 
Gaza. However, as wishing could do no good, they 
wisely concluded to wait the moving of the waters, (of 
exchange,) and while waiting, Bennett came in, and was 
immediately surrounded by the curious. The colonel 
being a man of good judgment and observation, we 
accept his news as the most reliable or any received since 
our incarceration. 

It is amusing to witness the efforts of the Abolitionists 
to deify their master, Abraham Lincoln, the "jokist." 
Is he as strong as the elephant ? Has he the courage of 
the lion or the tiger ? Can he run like the ostrich, or 
leap like the kangaroo ? Has he the cunning of the fox, 
or the agility of the monkey ? Can he crawl like a snake, 
or climb like a squirrel ? Can he dive like a duck, or 
swim like a fish ? He has brains, so has a hog ; he can 
talk, so can a parrot. Can he fly like the eagle ? Has 
he the gratitude of a dog ? Can he see like the owl, in 
the dark, or a hawk, in the light ? When he was an 
infant, if placed on the edge of a precipice, he would roll 
off, while a kitten, a week old, could hardly be pushed 
from her hold; and yet, these ignorant fanatics worship 
man, and that man Abraham Lincoln. Man is inferior 
to the brute creation in the physical world, as a rule. 
The exceptions are as follows: 

Butler is king of beasts ; Lincoln was fleeter than the 
ostrich, (in passing through Baltimore ;) Stevens, of 
Pennsylvania, more venomous than the snake ; Turchin, 
fiercer than the hyena ; Logan, of Illinois, is a greater 
spouter than the whale, and equally as watery ; Brownlow, 
'of Tennessee, the hoggiest of all wallowers ; Horace 
Maynard, more stolid than the jackass. 

None of these political scavengers have the respectability 
of the elephant, as he always carries his trunk, while they 
are nothing but carpel-baggers. 

It is a remarkable fact that we have not a representative 
of "perfidious Albion," in prison. We have the sturdy 



SCRAPS FEOM THE PRISON TABLE. 261 

Teuton, the chivalric Gaul, the gallant Celt, but John 
Bull is not with us. " Where the carcass is, there will 
the eagles be gathered," and as the surly Briton believes 
in the heaviest artillery deciding the gage of battle, and 
the North being the possessor of this force, he casts his 
lot with the superior power, in the endeavor to sack the 
South and enslave a free people. Since time immemorial, 
England has been a nation of territorial robbers ; she has 
oppressed mankind in the East Indies, making the ex- 
cesses of Clive historic; in China, in the West Indies, and 
America, North, East, South or West, 'tis all the same. 
Wherever the beat of a British drum is heard, or the 
British flag unfurled, there stalks oppression and violence. 
One of her victims is Ireland, the down-trodden and op- 
pressed Green Isle, the land of that immortal patriot, Em- 
mett. When will she take her place among the nations of 
the earth ? Only when her people are united, and then 
let them wipe that political blot from the map of Europe. 
Treacherous to her enemies, faithless to her friends, (she 
caged the great Napoleon, like a wild animal, who had 
trusted to her generosity,) she* has has aided in bringing 
on the unhappy strife in our own land ; as where govern- 
ments are to be broken up to benefit English commerce, 
she spares neither blood nor treasure in accomplishing 
her unholy purposes. The English politician prates of 
England and her past history. What is it ? A bastard 
aristocracy, composed of natural sons of merry monarchs ; 
a line of kings, whose history is written in- blood. (As 
to monarchy, the author does not object to it.) Oneness 
of power, in all material matters, is the best conservator 
of law and morals. The most despotic governments are 
recognized in the Old Testament, and in the New our 
Saviour said, " Render unto Ca?sar the things that are 

* England has furnished the North men, (nearly 50,000 Englishmen were 
enlistexl in the Federal army,) and the South, munitions and vessels, to aid in 
our destruction as a great nation. An Englishman, an office-holder in the op- 
pressed Sonth, one of those political waifs that the war has thrown to the sur- 
face, (the South being the carcass for all such eagles,) says to the writer, " The 
Radicals have elected me to office, and I have accepted, and a pretty d — d fool 
I'd be to refuse. I don't care a d — n which side whips. Your country's gone 
to h — 1, and if there are anv loaves and fishes comeatable, Johnny Bull comes 
in. It's a fat carcass, and I am a first-class eagle." 



262 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 

Caesar's. Each circle must have its centre, and no cor- 
poration can be permanent without a sovereign head. 
Since the organization of society, governments when 
bereft of the strength of a monarchy, even though despotic, 
and the wisdom of an aristocracy, although licentious, 
have ran riot with the anarchial excesses of democracy, 
showing the incapacity of man for self-government. The 
world, for thousands, of years, has witnessed repeated 
trials of this fallacious system of self-government, all of 
which have proven failures ; and the conflict in America, 
to-day, for a sentiment, is a useless waste of blood, as the 
days of the republic are numbered, and there may be those 
living who will see kings enthroned in America, not from 
any desire, but from one of those natural laws that seems 
to decree that as a man is made in the likeness of his 
Creator, the comparison shall apply to all the details of 
his action, while carrying out the object of his Being. 

Kings are feeble, yet true representatives of this 
singleness of administration, that is a reflex of the God- 
head, and which is ordained to rule in the world, and 
any change in the character of this delegated power, 
from the Great Author of our being, to the anointed on 
earth, will be attended with disaster. The true theory 
of government is supreme power in the chief of the 
nation, the subordination of the people, to human 
strength, prepares them for yielding obedience to their 
spiritual heads, as in all democracies, there is a tendency 
to infidelity, and it is alone to despotic governments, that 
we are to look for religious subordination. The settler 
on Plymouth rock is a tit descendant of the English poli- 
tician, for while their forefathers were murdering East 
Indians, they were imitating them, in destroying the 
aborigines of America, despoiling them of their lands, 
and seducing their women, and as Black Hawk said, 
poisoning their hearts with fire-water ; and now, their 
descendants are causing rivers of blood to flow through 
the land, and the Negro is meeting with the fate of the 
Indian. The murderer and despoiler, who is he?. The 
author of the war, who is he? The plunderer of homes, 
and the destroyer of household-gods, who is he? This 



SCEAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 263 

besom of destruction, that is sweeping all — liberty, peace, 
and prosperity, from the country, leaving nought in its 
track, but the wail of the widow and orphan, no light 
but burning homesteads to show the traveler, where once 
stood the homes of a free and happy people; from 
whence cometh it, who is the author of all this hellish- 
ness, that has made a saturnalia for the North; and 
David said unto Nathan, "Thou art the man;" you, the 
mean, whining, prying, hypocritical, white-livered, Negro- 
stealing, fanatical Yankee, a fit shoot of the round-head 
English politician, that sang psalms and cut throats, and 
who would enchain the world, and make it bow the knee 
in .homage to the British lion and Yankee eagle, who 
alone seek and destroy their prey, when it is defenseless. 

'Tis reported in prison to-day, that Memphis has sur- 
rendered to the Yankees, and those that are prisoners, 
hailing from that place, have the " blues." 

Captain Jeannett, who resigned a handsome field posi- 
tion, to accept one in the line, where he thought he 
could be more useful to his cause, is a fine drilled officer, 
and an ardent supporter of Southern rights. Captain 
Hall, captured at Fort Donaldson, a thorough gentleman, 
with one of the best legal minds in prison. Captain 
Hugh Bedford, a thorough-bred soldier, in bearing, in- 
formation, and courage. Captain Abe Levy, one of the 
truest men living, and a score of other Memphians, whom 
the fortunes of war have cast into prison, are condoling 
with each other. My friend Lieutenant Jack Wright, of 
Alpheus Baker's* regiment, "drops in," and says to con- 
sole us, 

"Well, Memphians, if old Memphis has gone, 'let 
her rip.' "f 

Jack Wright is one of my warmest friends, full of gen- 
erous promptings, true as steel to his friends,, and as 
they say, " never flickers " under fire. The surrender 

* Alpheus Baker, was one of the few officers who improved in his continued 
service, he was promoted for gallantry, at Baker's Creek, (where he was 
wouuded,) and in his new position as " brigadier," made a gallant fight, to the 
close of the war. 

f The " let Her rip " (letter) of America, is the theta of our language, "show- 
ing the anarchial tendency of our times, towards violence, rapine and abandon. 



264 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 

of Memphis, has produced one good result, it has placed 
us in communication with our loved ones, and furnished 
us an opportunity to add to our stock of " filthy lucre." 

Some one has said, " Generals say, go on, Captains say, 
come on ; the Generals gather laurels, the Captains cy- 
press ; the former become candidates for the Presidency, 
the latter for the grave." There is much truth in this, 
and it does more to demoralize an army, (tins withholding 
of the award of merit from line-officers,) than the influence 
of o'er whelming numbers of an enemy. There are four 
important officers in the service — Generals commanding, 
colonel, captain, and orderly sergeant ; the others, unless 
on detached duty, are to a greater or less degree — file- 
closers. In many instances, the advancement of general 
officers is promoted by intrigue ; line-officers overlooked 
through the same influence ; merit is not considered, and 
the " come on " of the captain is followed ordinarily by 
death or wounds, rather than promotion. 

It takes a man of brains, of vast comprehensiveness, 
and stoical courage, to make a General ; and you may 
obtain such characters from the " cloister," (as in the case 
of Bishop Polk, of Louisiana, now one of our most dis- 
tinguished Generals,) from the "bar," (as in the case of 
Preston Smith,* of Tennessee,) or from the plow, loom, 
or anvil, shown in a score of military lights, representing, 
these different interests. A ten year old boy will make 
a drill-master, but he would not be prepared for the 
emergencies of the field, while there are many officers, 
who would be equal to almost any occasion, yet are sadly 
defective in the details of drill ; yet of the two evils, the 
judgment of the one, without drill, is preferable to the 
knowledge of an expert in Scott or Hardee, without judg- 

* General Preston Smith was killed near Atlanta, in one of those series of 
conflicts, between a vastly inferior force of the Confederates, under that great 
commander, Joseph E. Johnson, (who alone could have managed that won- 
derful retreat, in the face of an overwhelming foe, from Daltori to Atlanta.) 
Preston Smith, although educated to the bar, was born a soldier, a strict dis- 
ciplinarian, courageous to rashness. As an organizer and leader he had few 
superiors. He was one of the few Generals, who risked the " cypress " to de- 
serve the "laurel;" and in his death, the Confederacy lost one of her staunch- 
est supporters^ and the army one of its most valiant soldiers. His last words 
were : " I have tried to do my duty." 



SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 265 

ment. There are few officers, who are blessed with the 
happy faculty, of combining these two virtues, so neces- 
sary to success in military life. Yet, I believe, M'e have 
one exception in prison, Lieutenant John Childress, of 
Murfreesboro', Tennessee, who, while having one of the 
best balanced heads, in our pen, and every mental recpiire- 
ment for a commander, is one of the best drilled officers in 
the service ; a gentleman in deportment, genial in his 
companionship. He is a worthy representative of that 
distinguished family, from which he sprang. 

The meanest trick, of all the rascality of some of our 
custodians, is the purloining of rings, buttons, and other 
souvenirs, for friends and loved ones, that are daily 
mailed, and as they pass through the hands of the 
"sifter's," subordinates, many are extracted before the 
letters are forwarded. This little, petty thieving is too 
contemptible for notice, but as a faithful chronicler of the 
Sir John Froissart school, who says, "In such a grand 
and noble history (as you like it) as this, of which I, Sir 
John Froissart, am the author and continuator until this 
present moment, through the grace of God, and the 
perseverance he has endowed me with, as well as in 
length of years, which have enabled me to witness 
abundance of the things that have passed, it is not right 
that I forget anything," and as an humble imitator of 
Sir John, I must not forget any of the many rascalities 
of our custodians. 

We have had firing at us by companies from the walls, 
also individual firing, (at will;) last night it came by 
platoons. A few officers engaged in playing cribbage. 
were so unfortunate, as to neglect putting out their lights 
the moment "taps" sounded, not imagining, that the 
dereliction of a few moments would be attended with the 
danger, which they found it was, as a volley came in at 
the window. Fortunately no one was hit ; but the les- 
son was heeded, as no mercy could be expected, from 
men who are merciless. It has been a timely warning to 
other messes, to furnish not the slightest pretext to our 
barbarous guard to find fault, with our want of pronnpt and 
punctual observance of the severe rules of our prison, as 
18 



266 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 

all they desire, is any excuse to murder us, individually 
or en masse. 

The arrival of three hundred civilians in prison, has 
been alluded to in another " scrap." This is another one 
of those high-handed outrages, that has made the cabal 
at Washington more notorious, than that lawless ministry 
of Charles II. What right has that miscreant at Wash- 
ington, that party ghoul, Edwin M. Stanton, to arrest 
citizens of a sovereign State, and confine them on the 
stale bread and blue beef of a prison ? All over the land, 
American citizens are torn from their hearths and fire- 
sides, from the cornumnion of their household Gods, their 
houses searched, no privacy respected, and incarcerated 
in foul dungeons. Captain T. Harrison Baker is in one of 
these, (at Fort Lafayette,) manacled. The capitol, at 
Washington, is filled with the best men of the country, 
who have been brought there through the instigation of 
Stanton, and the tinkling of Oily Gammon's (Seward's) 
little bell. Fort Warren and other bastiles are filling up 
rapidly, all in the name of Liberty. The three hundred 
gentlemen, driven into our pen, are among the most dis- 
tinguished citizens of Kentucky ; Dr. Hobson, Colonel 
Murray, and other citizens, eminent as ministers of the 
Gospel, lawyers, physicians, merchants, and farmers. All 
grades are taken, none spared ; no matter the health, 
condition, or sex, all must be victims to this infernal 
tyranny, that is causing the name of American to be 
looked upon among civilized nations as the synonim of 
savage. 

Four months experience in prison, has produced this 
collection of "scraps," thus conglomerated from the prison 
table — 'tis true they are not so rare as those that w r ould 
fall from the china of servres, and I hope my readers will 
make allowances for tin plates, boiled beef, and sour 
bread. You can't expect tit-bits from such a source, and 
if you do, and are disappointed, why, 'tis your misfortune, 
and want of forethought, not my fault. I expect the 
work will be run down by its readers, all works are, in 
fact, there is more matter in it already than I would read 
of any one's else — therefore, as it will be run down, I'll 



SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 267 

give it a good winding up. Then, again, everybody is 
winding up — the suttler, the vegetable man, the milk 
andice man are all winding, and so by way of follow- 
ing their illustrious example — I'll wind up. Not that 
I expect half the running down that will be accorded 
to these honest men, for that would take centuries to 
wind up, as to their faculties to wind up their affairs, the 
deponent saith not. I have written the above "scraps" 
because I have had nothing else to do. I tried to make 
a ring, and failed, but would have commenced again, (but 
after looking at a box and a set of chess-men, exquisitely 
carved and designed, that would take a prize at any fair 
in the world, made with a tile and knife by Captain 
Winn, of the Fourteenth Mississippi Regiment, who made 
it as a souvenir for his mother,) I concluded that talent 
must be inherent, and I had no talent, mechanically 
speaking. Captain Winn is a fine officer and a polished 
gentleman, yet I think he had better turn his attention to 
the chisel, as his conceptions are wonderful, peculiarly so, 
when 'tis known that he never had an instrument in his 
hands before. Finding I could not make anything 
mechanical, I wondered what I would do to amuse my- 
self. 'Twas possible to get up a newspaper. Captain 
Provine, of the " Fulton Telegraph," Fulton, Missouri, 
and Captain McCranie, of Jackson Parish, Louisiana, both 
sprightly writers, were willing to join, and with the press 
gang already alluded to, would have formed a corps that 
could have entertained, as well as instructed ; but no one 
led off, and I thought 'twould be no go. So in self-defence, 
I was compelled to write ' ' scraps, " and offer the accumula- 
tion to the public, as a memento of how we did, and felt, 
in prison. I think, 'twill be interesting for future refer- 
ence for ourselves, because if we get out, (which I hope 
we will in a short while,) in a few years, we could hardly 
remember a score of our fellow prisoners, and this little 
collection will remind us of scenes, and refresh us with 
more vivid recollections, of what we were in prison. It 
will also be interesting from the fact that the best blood 
of the country is within these walls, many men of note, 
whose names will shine upon the pages of history, in 



268 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 

time to come. Lieutenant Colonel Wood, (a relation of 
President Davis, and a son of the surgeon general of the 
United States,) of the Adam's cavalry, a fearless officer. 
Captain McDonald, of Nicaragua fame, and a rebel from 
boyhood. Here we have a nephew of D'Aubigne, a cousin 
of Beauregard ; Lieutenant Legendre ; the Polk's ; the 
Pillow's ; the Overton's, of Tennessee. Lawyers and 
Divines, Senators and Congressmen, are all represented, 
and a? their future will be more or less interwoven with 
the history of the Confederacy, I feel that as a book of 
reference, this little collection may be of some value. I 
often think, in looking out of my window, seeing men like 
Major Kavanaugh, stern and inflexible, while engaged in 
youthful pastimes, how strangely we all act while in 
prison. Kavanaugh would march on a battery with as 
much non-challance, as he would light a fresh Havana. It 
will be interesting, to follow these officers in their future 
career, and see what bacom es of them. They say we will 
be exchanged in a few days, and then, Ho I for Dixie. I 
hope 'twill be so, and that we will all arrive home, safe and 
sound, that I will publish this little work to the satisfac- 
tion of my friends, and delight of my enemies. (Oh! that 
mine enemy might write a book,) and the twelve hundred 
Confederate officers, who have endured the past incarcera- 
tion with me, and now with the disposition to get away 
from this " lake-girt isle" as soon as possible. Accept 
the salaam of the author, and allow him to say, not 
"finis," but in prison slang, " well, a good evening." 

We leave this day, September 1st, 1862, our "lake- 
girt isle." The guards are coming in, the roll is being- 
called, "Captain 13., company A, First Alabama, Tennes- 
see and Mississippi Regiments." The writer responds, and 
thanks to a kind Providence, steps clear of the "big gate " 
and stands without the accursed walls of a prison — 

" A prison, heavens! I loathe the hated name, 
Famine's metropolis — the siuk of shame, 
A nauseous sepulchre — whose craving womb 
Hourly inters poor mortals in its tomb." 



SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE 269 

A IVee-born American citizen, confined in a loathsome 
prison, as a punishment for fighting for freedom and 
" State rights,"* rights that the intelligent North must 
admit as the true theory of a republican form of govern- 
ment. We board the little boat, the line is cast off, and 
we are once more upon the bosom of Sandusky bay, free 
from the foul air of a prison, rid of the presence of the 
miserable wolf of a custodian, and his heartless subordi- 
nates. It is a glorious feeling to be free, known alone 
to those who have suffered imprisonment. The sensation 
is exquisite, and is expressed in laughing eyes, and glow- 
ing cheeks. My friend, Captain W. R. Butler, of Mur- 
freesboro', Tennessee, usually calm and reticent, one of 
the most accomplished soldiers in the Confederate army, 
is alive with the joyousness of the occasion. Standing, as 
many of us are, near the ' ' taffrail, " gazing at the island 
that is now receding rapidly from view, having no regrets, 
but those engendered by the thought that we leave our 

* The author is still firm in his belief in the integrity of the principle of State 
rights, while a republican form of government exists in this country, and if 
might does make right, in the policy of the fanatical " powers that be," it can- 
not change one Southern man's opinion, who, while submitting to brute force, 
and accepting the issues that defeat has forced upon his devoted land, (the 
South, the Mecca of carpet-baggers and thieves, the scummiest of the scum of 
the North,) still firmly adheres to not a sentiment but a principle, true and 
fixed, the sovereignty of the States of a confederation, not a nationality, and in 
spite of imprisonment, or other decrees of punishment, that the. vultures of 
fanaticism would fasten upon a citizen of this confederation — (such as the 
hanging of the innocent Mrs. Surratt ; the manacling of Jefferson Davis ; the 
arrest and ironing of Ryan, of Arkansas ; the slow torture of American citi- 
zens on the Dry Tortugas ; and every other conceivable mode of punishment, 
known to a barbaric tyranny, the writer will ever rigidly adhere to a principle 
that involves the rights and liberties, not only of the so-called unreconstructed 
States, but of eaeh and every State in the Union. 

Messrs. Jacobins, be honest for once, show the cloven foot entire, and give 
us a monarchy, the term " Republic " is a mis-nomer. You have the despotic 
disposition, the rapacious, desire, the cruel conception, and criminal action of a 
Czar's government, without its expressed honesty, you have stamped out with 
the iron heel of brute force, the liberties of millions of your fellow citizens. 
Oppression rules the land ; the whistle of the bullet, and the glisten of the 
knife of the assassin are the only sound and lights, that reverberate and flash 
o'er the South, aland more pillaged than the historic ravages of the Palatinate. 
Desolated hearths, fatherless children, outraged women, ignorant and besotted 
Africans placed in power, the sanctity of the ballot-box invaded, law and order 
derided, in the name of a republican form of government. Fie, fie, ye Marats 
and Robespierres, come down from your republican perch, take otf your 
flimsy disguise, and proclaim a despotism, 'tis what you aim at, so let's have 
it. The writer has no objections, but is opposed to the deception practiced 
in the name of liberty, giving us the stalking shadow of a free government, 
while the substance of a royal despotism is seen behind this skeleton of Radi- 
calism. 



270 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 

dead in unhallowed ground, and wondering, that if the 
"Sandusky Register," and "New York Tribune," were 
cast into the "bottomless pit," thus nauseating it, could 
it throw up a fouler combination than the custodians of 
Johnson's island, and their sympathizers in Sandusky city. 

" A FAREWELL TO JOHNSON'S ISLAND." 

Penciled by an unknown hand upon a wall of one of 
the prison buildings at Johnson's island, it will, doubt- 
less, prove interesting to those who have been inmates of 
that prison ; nor will it, it is hoped, fail to strike the eyes 
and move the hearts oi those who have friends that rest 
beneath the soil of the lake-girdled isle : 

"Hoarse sounding billows of the white-capped lake, 
That 'gainst the barriers of our hated prison break, 
Farewell ! Farewell thou giant inland sea ; 
Thou, too, subservest the modes of tyranny, — 
Girding this isle, washing its lonely shore 
With moaning echoes of thy melancholy roar, 
Farewell, thou lake ! Farewell, thou inhospitable land ! 
Thou hast the curses of this patriot band—. 
All, save the spot, the holy sacred bed, 
Where rest in peace our Southern warriors dead ! 

We left Johnson's island on the 1st day of September, 
1862. The morning was ominous of a gloomy trip ; dark 
and portentous clouds hung loweringly o'er us, and boded 
storm. The little baggage we possessed, was sent to 
Sandusky, the day before, where was witnessed a scene of 
plunder on a scale that would have rivalled the exploits 
of an Alaric or Atilla. Mercury, the God of thieves, 
would have been an honest man in Sandusky. They 
broke open trunks ; many things that were not stolen 
were damaged, and a perfect spirit of vandalism seemed 
to actuate the examiners of our baggage, who searched 
valises for mountain howitzers, and trunks for twenty- 
four pound parrots, while they would examine pockets 
for Springfield muskets. 

We do not hold the United States government re- 
sponsible * for this outrage, but wish to show that a 
government must not always be held responsible for the 



SCRAPS FKOMTHE THISON TABLE. ■ 271 

malfeasance of its underlings. I hope the citizens of the 
North will understand and appreciate the application. 

We reached Sandusky city, that hole of Abolitionism, 
and took our respective stations on the cars. Being well 
seated and comfortable, while waiting for the cars to start, 
a generous gentleman stepped to the window, (I have 
forgotten his name,) and handed a bottle of the ardent and 
a large pound-cake ; said he was a good democrat, and 
true to his flag, but could not be insulting to prisoners, as 
most of the citizens of that place were. The next day we 
arrived at Indianapolis. At this point our traveling 
sorrows began ; and here, again, was exhibited either the 
stupidity or rascally meanness of underlings. We were 
crowded into cattle cars with narrow plank benches, and 
like a drove of wild animals, were *ushed off. We 
were on these cars, in this crowded, I may say packed, 
manner thirty-six hours, and the reader can imagine we 
would be necessarily ill, sore, bruised. We suffered so 
much in one or all of these discomforts, and were so 
covered with filth, that we were piteous objects to behold. 
Giving way to sleep, I would fall between the narrow 
apertures that separated the planks, and while one com- 
panion, who used the weed, would squirt the juice of a 
bad article of " Old Virginia," in one eye, he being half 
asleep, another chum would advise me of the fact that he 
wore boots, by closing my other eye with the heel of one of 
them. This was all bad enough, and it seemed as though 
our powers of endurance had been strained to their utmost 
tension, yet worse treatment was in store for us. 

Cairo* is reached; a city that has no equal in the 
number of its bad smells, except, possibly, the city of 
Cologne as described by some traveler, and, I am sure, 
that the different qualities of mean whiskey far exceed 
the number of bad smells. We were immediately driven 
on board the Choteau, a crazy old tub, and in such a 
condition that the engineer kindly suggested to us not to 
shift rapidly in any numbers from one side of the boat to 
the other, as her boilers were very weak, and an explosion 

* Cairo, under the press influence, controlled by that prince of editors, John 
Oberly, Esq., has improved wonderfully since. 



272 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 

might be the result.. However, they dove-tailed one 
thousand one hundred and thirty of us, excluding us from ■ 
the cabin, it being reserved for the guard and the sick. 
I'll assure the reader it was quite lively, locating one 
thousand one hundred and thirty men on the outside of 
an old boat, stowing us on the coal heaps, 'midst the 
machinery, with one little stove for us all to cook on. It 
was an outrage of most glaring character, as they coidd 
have obtained other boats, furnishing us with comfortable 
transportation. Under the pretence, that we must wait 
for other prisoners to fill up the convoy, they detained us 
at Cairo four days and nights, exposed to the broiling sun, 
rain, and foul air, many of us sick and half-fed, during the 
sickly season of the year. Again we say, we don't hold 
the government -responsible, but our treatment from 
subordinates was frightfully cruel. While here, we saw 
one of the many evidences of radical inconsistency. I 
had requested permission of Lieutenant Lennelle, to step 
to the wharf to speak to some one who had asked for me, 
when to my astonishment, I saw a brawny-looking speci- 
men of the Puritan race, laying on unmercifully, with a 
large horse-whip, to several Negroes who were basking in 
the sunshine ; he yelling, cursing, and slashing, alter- 
nately. I turned to Lieutenant Lennelle, whose face was 
a study for a painter, and asked him if he was not 
astonished. 

" Why, captain, that is the grossest outrage I ever saw 
committed, it is inhuman, I will report that man," said 
the astonished lieutenant, "and have him punished, if 
possible." 

" Lieutenant Lennelle, I never saw a slave, in my years 
of experience in the South, so brutally beaten, even when 
convicted of crime, and it seems strange that such a 
spectacle attracts so little attention in the free State of 
Illinois. Lieutenant, the slave has "merely changed mas- 
ters." 

At last we prepared to depart, and in anticipation of 
the terrible trip from Cairo to Vicksburg, were sad and 
dejected, yet there were some master-spirits with us whose 
energies never flag, and who are ever alive and equal to 



SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 273 

all issues and occasions where the man is called upon, to 
do, to suffer, or to die, if needs be, for his kind. Among 
the most active and zealous, being that noble gentleman 
Captain C. F. Johnson,* of that Old Roman Buckner'sf 
staff, who chartered a boat, the Diligent, assumed the 
responsibility of payment, which was two thousand dollars, 
for accommodations for one hundred passengers. Thanks 
to the kind offers of my friend Johnson, I was one of the 
favored. The owner of the boat had recommended her 
highly, and it was with pleasurable • emotions that we 
changed from the Choteau, to the Diligent. Although it 
was painful to leave our comrades on the old Choteau, yet 
we could not do them any good by remaining, and in- 
creased their comfort by leaving. It seems to me that 
if Captain Johnson could have chartered a boat, the 
authorities could have done the same, showing there was 
no necessity for herding us like cattle in our own filth, 
as was the case on the Choteau. I had not a soumarque, 
but the word of a Confederate soldier in 1862, was good 
to a brother soldier. Out we steamed into the river, and 
our tortuous passage began. Gun-boats in front of us, 
gun-boats in the rear of us, and some six thousand emaciated 
creatures between them. They said, " many of us looked 
well !" True, those who had fine constitutions, stood it, 
but they were " few and far between." Many of the 
regiment to which I was attached, looked well, yet out of 
four hundred men led into prison, April the 8th, 1862, 
over one hundred were taken out feet foremost before 
September 1st, of the same year, (four months and 
twenty-one days,) a terrible ratio for men who were so 
well treated. On getting fairly started, we examined our 
floating elephant, and found sleeping accommodations for 
thirty persons, in state-rooms, that had been used a score 
of trips for the conveyance of wounded and dying soldiers, 
the effluvia from whose bodies had impregnated every 
pore in the room, defying a Hercules to cleanse them. I 
opened the door of one room, but my olfactories rebelled, 

* Captain Johnson is (now 1868) of the firm Tyler, Johnson & Co., Louis- 
ville, Kentucky, 
t Buckner, editing in Louisville, that sterling paper the " Louisville Journal.'' 



274 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 

and I concluded to sleep on the deck. To regulate matters, 
straws were drawn ; those sleeping in the state-rooms, 
eating at the second and third tables ; those on deck, at 
the first table. Plenty to eat, and lresh air, under exposure 
is preferable to a foul state-room and a deficiency of aliment 

We moved on, and in a few days were off Memphis, 
having had nothing to disturb the monotony of the trip, 
only the sad spectacle of the burial, at different landings, 
of the sixty poor fellows who died on the trip ; a terrible 
bill of mortality, one per cent, in thirteen days. We 
came to anchor off the Bluff city, on a lovely day in Sep- 
tember, the bluff's fourth Chickasaw, (that form so beau- 
tiful a crown for the Egyptian Queen of our modern Nile,) 
were garnished with the beauty, and fashion of the city. 
Lovely women and brave men were there to give us wel- 
come. There were many of the latter, whose hearts were 
in the cause, who remained at home, for reasons unneces- 
sary to mention in this connection ; and it had been bet- 
ter, if many of those who did go into the Confederacy, 
had followed their example, as too many, who from a 
sense of pride left their hearths and firesides, to follow 
in the wake of our armies, or to pitch their social tent in 
some one of the many distracted circles of the South, 
did no good, and set the pernicious example of wild spec- 
ulation, one of the most demoralizing elements of the 
war ; whereas, had they remained, they could have ren- 
dered much service, in ameliorating the condition of 
prisoners, and assisting the families of those whose pro- 
tectors were in the army. 

I with others, who had loved ones in Memphis, was 
anxious to reach the shore. Hour after hour passed, and 
no prospect of our desire being gratified. At last a small 
skiff was seen to leave the shore, the occupant rowing for 
the steamer we w T ere on. He soon reached the boat, and 
we- found 'twas a news-boy, with the daily papers. While 
those who had eagerly purchased them, were reading 
them with avidity, I changed my military coat for one of 
linen, loaned me by that generous gentleman, Lieutenant 
George Martin, of the artillery, and walked quietly down 
to the boiler-deck, where I found Lieutenant " Si" Hay- 



SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 275 

man in citizen's dress, conversing with the news-boy ; in a 
few moments Hayman jumped into the boat, and I fol- 
lowed, the boy quietly remonstrating. I told him, to 
hand me the oars, take his seat in the stern, and with 
Hayman in the bow, I pulled for the shore, reaching it at 
the foot of Beale street, about twenty feet from one of 
the enemy's mortar-boats ; gave the boy the only half- 
dollar I had, and walked up the street, meeting a host of 
friends, while en route for the Gayosa hotel, my objective 
point on landing. Under the influence of a famous cate- 
rer of the time, Frank Madden's combinations, I was 
enabled to withstand the flood of friendly greetings, that 
well-nigh o'erwhelmed me. Memphis was alive, and the 
blood of her generous heart was coursing through Colonel 
John Martin, Captain Ad. Storm, Colonel Samuel P. 
Walker, F. L. Warner, Colonel J. Knox Walker,* and 
many others, who were running to and fro, dealing out 
money and other necessaries, with the liberality that none 
but the generous can appreciate. 

The Confederate prisoners who were in that fleet, will 
never forget those whole-hearted men, or thev posterity. 
Even children were carried away by the promptings of 
generosity. One little girl in particular, poorly clad and 
bare-footed, with a basket of apples on her arm, when 
asked the price of them by a soldier, replied, " Nothing 
to Confederate soldiers ;" and, suiting the action to the 
word, threw basket and contents into the crowd. For 
one, I can never forget the material courtesies extended 
me, by Samuel P. Walker, Ad. Storm, Frank Hyde, 
John Johnston, and John A. Henry. 

While lying at the wharf, as some of the boats had 
come in for coaling and other purposes, one of those 

* Colonel J. Knox Walker was one of the most courtly gentlemen I ever 
knew. His ('ailing: health compelled him to leave the service of the cause he 
loved bo well, (but his heart was in it.) He was eminent, as a politician and 
financier, and one of the. most genial gentlemen the South ever produced. I 
can almost hear his ringing laugh, as "we parted, while he hummed: 

" If you get there before I do. 
Tell them I'm a coming to." 

But the gallant Walker had too great a soul for a frail body, and he has gone 
to that land, where the curses of a vandal foe are not heard. Peace to his 
ashes ! 



276 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 

seeming inconsistencies in the character and conduct of 
our custodians was exhibited. Captain Wash Gordon, 
of Tennessee, was on board of one of the boats, quite ill, 
from a disease contracted at Cairo, during our exposure 
at that place, and desired to be left at Memphis until 
convalescent, confident that the trip to Vicksburg would 
kill him ; which it did, he dying a few days after our ar- 
rival at that port. His request was urged by some of the 
most influential citizens of the place, added to the impor- 
tunity of his sister, Mrs. Sarah C. Law, of whom we have 
spoken previously, yet the authorities sternly refused, 
while at the same time indulgencies were granted in less 
deserving cases. 

There were Federal officers stationed at Memphis, who 
were kind to our people, while in the faithful discharge 
of duty to their government, and the names of Chetlain 
and Hoge, should ever be kindly remembered. 

We left Memphis in a storm of cheers and tears, 'midst 
the waving of handkerchiefs and the God-speed of thou- 
sands of sympathizing hearts. On arriving at Helena, 
General Steele, commanding that department, came on 
board to visit Colonel Wood, of Louisiana, a West Point 
classmate, who had the bearing that education and gentle 
association alone can furnish. We are off again for 
Vicksburg, nothing to enliven us except now and then the 
appearance of a contraband, who would emerge from the 
woods with all his worldly effects in a handkerchief, and 
with a woe-begone look, signal the gun-boat to stop for 
him, finding we would not, would retire sulkily to 
cover. 

On the 17th day of September, 1862, ever memorable 
to the Confederate soldiers who formed that human cargo 
of that fleet, thirteen days on the river, making seventeen 
from Johnson's island, a trip that should have been made 
in five days, were means used for our destruction, whether 
the object was accomplished or not. At last, we stepped 
on shore in Dixie. How different from the few months 
before, not a drum beat, bugle blast, nor cheer heard, not 
a flag unfurled, or a handkerchief waved ; it rained in 
torrents, I had handed my overcoat to my bed-fellow, 



SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 277 

at Johnson's island, Captain John Farabe,* of Shelby 
county, Tennessee, and hence, got a thorough soaking, 
yet trudged on from wharf to town, through the mnd of 
Vicksbnrg. It was a gloomy time, no enemy to stimulate 
ns from without, and none to stimulate us within, and no 
shelter, but at intervals, a friendly shed. Six thousand 
soldiers, with the blues, were adrift at Yicksburg, on a 
rainy day ; the citizens had fed soldiers until they had 
nothing more to give, and self-preservation had become 
a law of nature, yet our troops did not force themselves 
on any one, they fought for their hearths and firesides, 
without bounty, pay, half-clad, hungry and suffering, yet 
they were subordinate to moral and social rights. On 
wandering around the streets in search of shelter, I noticed 
the name of A. Gennella, on one of the many signs in the 
commercial part of the city. This gentleman, one of 
Vickburg's most hospitable sons, had known my father in 
my school-boy days, and recognizing me, like a good 
Samaritan, cared for me and my two friends, Colonel 
Henderson and Captain Bibb, of the Fortieth Tennessee, 
who will join me in grateful remembrance of the generous 
hospitality of A. Gennella, and his estimable family. 

Our orders were to report to General Tilghman,f at 
Jackson. On arriving at the depot, we attempted to 
mount the platform of the car, when the guard halted us. 

" Can't go to Jackson on this train, captain." 

" Why not, sergeant ?" 

" Against orders, captain." 

Remonstrances were of no avail, and Iturned to leave, 
when an old sergeant in my first company, (the Gayoso 
Guards,) Charlie Lay, accosted me. Fortunately for me, 
he commanded the guard, and obtained me a seat in the 
car. Charlie Lay is a genial, generous fellow, earned his 
promotion honestly, and wears his honors most becomingly. 
After a few hour's ride, passed in pleasant conversation 
with the gallant Colonel Heiman, of the Tenth Tennessee, 
who occupied the seat with us, the sonorous tones of the 
conductor announced "Jackson." We take quarters at the 



* Captain Farabe died at his home, in Marshall county, Mississippi, in 
f Tilghman killed at the battle of Baker's Creek. 



1866. 



278 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 

Dixon house. Here we find Colonel Jim Jackson, General 
William H. Carrol,* Colonel Autry, Major John Dean, 
and "Uncle" Jimmy Hewitt, (as he was familiarly called.) 
Colonel Jim Jackson is as well known in the South, 
particularly in North Alabama, as " Old Hickory" himself. 
He was badly wounded at Manassas, but saved his life by 
giving a Federal soldier his watch to carry him out of 
reach of shot and shell. Jackson is one of the few men 
whose courage is never questioned under any circumstances. 
Colonel Autry commanded the Twentieth Mississippi, and 
was a meritorious officer. Colonel H. W. Walter, 
General Bragg' s assistant adjutant general, was also at the 
Dixon house, possessing one of the finest legal minds in 
the South, which added to his military abilities, render 
him a worthy counsellor of the inflexible Bragg. 

I reported to General Tilghman, one of the most 
distinguished officers furnished the South by the " dark 
and bloody ground," during the war, and to him and hi* 
aid-de-camp, Captain George Moorman, an officer every 
way worthy of the confidence of the courteous Tilghman, 
I was indebted for a twenty days' leave of absence, (an 
exception to the rule.) 

On the strength of which I left for Richmond, seeking 
promotion not at the " cannon's mouth," but through 
lobby influence at the capitol. On reaching Charlotte, 
North Carolina, we found no trains left until the following 
evening, as they observe the Sabbath in that State. Four 
o'clock, the next afternoon, found us at the depot in 
company with Major Greene, of the Fifty-sixth Virginia, 
who, like myself, was anxious to reach Richmond. We 
attempted an entrance into the car, and were checked by 
the guard, who referred us to his commanding officer, 
Major Inge, who, with his battalion, was on his way to 
the front via. Richmond. I appealed to the major, but 
for the time uselessly. 

" I would like to accommodate you, captain, but can't 



* General Carroll died in exile, in Montreal, Canada, in 1868, a victim to 
Brownlow's tyranny, while he had when in power, this wretch treated with 
great kindness. 



SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 279 

consistently, do it. I pressed these cars for my battalion, 
and there is barely standing room for them." 

" But, major, I must go on to Richmond, I am acting 
under orders." 

By this time Inge became excited, and closed his 
remarks with an expletive, in response to which, I said 
with a severity of expression — 

"Let me tell you, Major Inge, in refusing me a seat 
you have done yourself and the service, a grievous wrong." 

In passing through Augusta, Georgia, I purchased two 
bottles of the best " peach and honey" produced in that 
State, and as a " quid pro quo" for your contumacy, not 
one drop of the oleaginous fluid will " whet your whistle." 

"By George, captain," says Inge, " you shall have my 
seat, sir. I think I have seen you somewhere before. 
You must excuse my abruptness, but I have been so 
annoyed to-day, that I have overlooked some of the cardinal 
points in military etiquette. Come in, let me introduce 
you to Colonels Peyton and Foreshay, the former from 
Virginia, and who was promoted from the ranks to a 
majority, for gallantry at the first Manassas ; the latter, 
a Texan, and one of the most accomplished officers of the 
engineer corps." 

I found Major Inge one of the most companionable 
gentleman I ever met, and am sure he makes a good officer. 

Moral. In traveling, there is no stronger card of 
introduction than f/uod spirits. 

On arriving at the capital, we stopped at the American 
hotel, finding things sadly changed for the worst in the 
morale of the Confederacy. Carrington, the proprietor, 
advising us, when we dined, to take our hats to the table 
with us, as sixteen had been feloniously abstracted the 
day previous. Among the first notables met in our 
promenade, was General Jeff Thompson, of Missouri. 
After passing the compliments of the day, I remarked : 

" General, I don't like to bring up unpleasant remi- 
niscences, knowing you to be an advocate of ' temperance 
reform,' but on my first introduction to you, at the Gayoso 
hotel, Memphis, Tennessee, by the Honorable John Park, 
mayor at that time, (and one of the most sensible ones 



280 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 

she ever had,) we indulged in three consecutive cock- 
tails?" 

" So-so," says Jeff, "and to show you I've not forgotten 
the taste, come to my room at Ballard's," to which place 
we adjourned. 

In spite of what may be said of his idiosyn yobi crasies, 
he was a tower of strength to the Confederacy. 

The next notable we met was Captain T. Harrison 
Baker, of the ill-fated privateer " Savannah." Captain 
Baker was in Fort Lafayette and elsewhere, fourteen 
months. He is a regular "old salt," frank and fearless, 
and a fine commander, and the city of Charleston may 
well be proud of her distinguished son. 

We again move on, steering for the war department, 
inflated with anticipations of promotion. On reaching 
the entrance to the capitol building, we enjoy the sight of 
one of our warmest friends, Colonel B. D. Harman. 
Harman made character in Mexico, as a splendid cavalry 
officer, and was colonel of the First Confederate infantry, 
now consolidated ; one of the most popular officers in 
Richmond, and is true to Ins friends. 

We finish our business at the war department,) thanks 
to the courtesy of Colonel Burton N. Harrison, private 
secretary to the President,) to our satisfaction, and make 
our exit. In the vestibule, we meet Captain John T. 
Shirley, of gun-boat notoriety. Shirley was one of the 
most indefatigable men in the service. He took the con- 
tract for building the famous ram "Arkansas," afterwards 
commanded by Captain Isaac N. Brown, formerly a 
lieutenant in the United States navy, and which ran the 
gauntlet of the enemy's fleet at Vicksburg, a courageous 
performance that redounds to his credit. Some of the 
most pleasant moments of my life, have been spent in the 
society of John T. Shirley, whose genial companionship 
•is still fresh in my memory. One of Shirley's aids in his 
gunboat operations, was Captain D'Haven. This officer 
is from that down-trodden State, Missouri; was the 
first steamboatman that raised the Confederate flag on the 
Mississippi river ; has been a great sufferer for our cause, 
is to the manor born, and as a friend and companion, 



SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 281 

stands par-excellence in any social circle. As we reach 
our hotel, we find ourselves grasped by the hand with a 
grip as few men possess like Captain Marsh Miller. 
Miller was captain of the improvised gun-boat Grampus, 
He was a nervously energetic officer, and did the cause 
much good at Columbus, Island Ten, and New Madrid. 
After paying our board, we found that we hadn't sufficient 
to purchase emblems for our increasing rank, involving 
an expense of five dollars for two stars. I called at the 
paymaster's department, and saw a very discouraging 
sign pendant, " no funds to-day," which many brother 
officers will remember, whose daily attendance was greeted 
with the same ominous characters. Finding my friend, 
St. Clair, was a clerk in the department, and explaining 
my case to him, he introduced me to his chief, Major 
John M. Mason, son of the distinguished diplomat John 
M. Mason, of Louisina, who, appreciating the urgency of 
my case, furnished me with the desired funds. Charley 
St. Clair was Judge of the Supreme Court of Utah. 
Under the auspices of Albert Sidney Johnson, he was 
also a member of the Virginia legislature. Charley St. 
Clair had too much sentiment to combat the jagged 
points of life, and any dereliction of moral duty resulted 
more from impulse than confirmed principle of error. 
After being flushed with funds, and armed with a letter 
of introduction from the Honorable G. A. Henry, of Ten- 
nessee, to the Secretary of State, Judah P. Benjamin, I 
presented myself to that gentleman. My mission was 
unsuccessful, as my crime of having been a delegate to 
the Bell and Everett convention, at Baltimore, could not 
be palliated by my past services. Benjamin showed his 
fine teeth, gave me a politician's smile, and bowed me 
out. As my leave of absence had nearly expired, I left 
Richmond. On arriving at Knoxville, learning that the 
troops were falling back from Kentucky, I concluded to 
remain in Knoxville, hoping that I might meet some of 
my old companions in arms, in which desire I was very 
fortunate. General Preston Smith,* one of the bravest 

* General Smith killed, during the celebrated Georgia campaign, from Dal- 
ton to Atlanta. 

19 



282 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON *TABLE. 

officers in the army ; Colonel Milton A. Haynes, military 
commandant of the post, a West Pointer, of enlarged 
military views. Knoxville was surfeited with troops. 
Had it not been for Colonel Ed. Dyer, paymaster for 
McCowan's division, and his staff, it is possible I might 
have quartered in the streets. Captain Charlie Smith, 
his chief assistant ; James Armour, and the Good Friday 
of the department, Major Jim Torrey,* the "old chief," 
as the buys called him. 

Jim Torrey is called a desperate man ; but I have seen 
his good feelings express themselves on one occasion, and 
owe him an everlasting debt of gratitude, for his kind 
attentions to a sick family on another, when it was trou- 
blesome to be attentive to the wants of others. 

It would be impossible for me, to mention all the friends 
I met in Knoxville. General M. J. Wright,f formerly 
of the One Hundred and Fifty-fourth Senior Regiment, 
Tennessee Volunteers. Marcus J.' Wright, is a self-made 
man, and most eminently deserves the position his en- 
ergies have enabled him to attain. Colonel J. C. Cole, 
Fifth Confederate Regiment, Henry, Nelson, and Bob 
Bowles Rucker, of Island Ten notoriety, Major Ed. 
Austin, of New Orleans, and many other gallant soldiers, 
whose march of seven hundred miles on that unsuccessful 
campaign, had fatigued, but not dispirited, were coursing 
through the streets, trying to make the most of the rest 
that the halt at Knoxville, had permitted them to enjoy 
the streets of the little city, were a perfect jam, so much 
so, that pedestrianism for civilians was uncomfortable. 
To relieve the pressure, General Bragg issued an order, 
that no one under the rank of Brigadier-General, should 
appear on the street, without a written permit, and 
Lieutenant Waddell, with a squad of cavalry, was ordered 
to clear the streets. 

I was conversing with Captain Charles Bradley, of the 
quarter-master's department, when I saw the cavalry 
coming. Bradley remarked : 

* Jim Torrey, the " oid chief," resides in Memphis. 

t General M. J. Wright, farming near Memphis, Tennessee. 



SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 283 

" Step in the door, and after they pass, we will go out 
again." 

Every soldier in Knoxville seemed instinctively to do 
the same, crowding into every available opening in the 
city, reappearing as the guard disappeared in the distance. 
Several similar efforts were made with equal success. 
That army that contained eighteen hundred barefooted 
soldiers, prostrated with their late disastrous move- 
ment into Kentucky, and a majority of them without 
blankets, the ground being covered with snow, were not 
in a condition to submit to military orders that were 
cruel, as well as inexpedient. Major Dick Wintersmith, 
one of the best business men in the army in his depart- 
ment, of unquestioned courage, a full-blooded Kentuckian, 
connected with one of the oldest families in the State, 
and who, I think could have filled one cabinet office at 
Richmond, better than the incumbent, was the last friend 
whose hand I shook on leaving Knoxville, October 17, 
1863. After passing the night with Lieutenant Hutch- 
inson, of the Southern Guards of Memphis, in the attie 
of a building well ventilated, as one of the gable ends 
was knocked out, this added to our other discomforts, 
enabled us to leave Knoxville with but few regrets. 

On arriving at Jackson, Mississippi, reported with my 
increased rank to General Pemberton, who ordered me 
to report, by letter, to Richmond. The post at Jackson 
was commanded by Lieutenant-colonel Gus. Fonte, who, 
although not an experienced military commander, adapt- 
ed himself to the necessities of the position, and made a 
popular officer. At last, through the influence of Hon- 
orable S. R. Mallory, I was transferred to the bureau of 
conscription, and appointed Inspector-General for the 
department of Tennessee, Alabama, Mississippi, and 
East Louisiana, where I am for the present, Micawber- 
like, waiting for something to turn up. 



m 



APPENDIX. 



TO THE YOUTH OF THE SOUTH. 



When the charge is made, that your fathers treated 
their prisoners badly, read this to their false accusers : 
That in a country tilled with supplies, and with boundless 
resourcess, out of five thousand and twenty-five (5,025) 
Confederates, imprisoned in Elmira, in the spring of 1865, 
thirteen hundred and eleven (1,311) died in four months, 
a bill of mortality, not exceeded by the " Black Hole of 
Calcutta." The following is official : 

"THE KEBEL PRISONERS AT ELMIRA. 

"A paragraph has been going the rounds of the Repub- 
lican press, as follows : 

" 'From the records of the Elmira prison, which were 
taken to Washington, for use in the Surratt trial, it is 
found that during the spring of 1865. 5,025 rebel prison- 
ers were confined here during that time, and that only 
six deaths occurred in three months.' 

"The Elmira 'Gazette' corrects this statement, and 
gives the figures to prove its falsity. That paper has 
taken pains to ascertain the facts, and finds that of that 
number confined at that place, during the spring of 1865, 
viz : 5,025, there'were during the three months 884 deaths 
— a slight discrepancy of 878 ! In March, the number of 
deaths was 495 ; in April, 265 ; in May, 124 ; making a 
total of 884. And if February was included, which gives 
426 more, the total for four months will be 1,311 ! Much 
has been said concerning the mortality of Union soldiers 
in Southern prisons, but such a record should awaken 
inquiry at home." — Buffalo " Courier." 



288 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 

Tell them that at camp Douglas, on lake Michigan, in 
the depth of winter, six (6) blankets were issued to one 
hundred and sixty (160) men, and that dogs and rats were 
daily eaten. Tell them, that at Point Lookout, that your 
fathers were guarded by Negroes, who shot at them as 
they would at game. That there was one stove to ten 
thousand (10,000) men ; and many froze to death, from 
lying on the bare ground, without a blanket. Tell them, 
that at camp Douglas prisoners were tied up by the 
thumbs, (in one instance, that of the gallant John D. 
Levett, afterwards Captain Levett,) for three hours, for 
slight infractions of the oppressive rules of the prison. 

Tell them, that in all the prison pens of the North, many 
of the custodians of those sinks of oppression, allowed atro- 
cities to be committed, at the recital of which the heart 
of civilization revolts. I append compilations, from official 
and other reliable data, which, I hope, every true child 
of the South — who love their ancestry and their heroic 
deeds — will read carefully, and when the lying historian, 
of a fanatical party, speaks of the so-called horrors of 
Andersonville, let the youth of the South know, that it is 
written, to hide the cruelties, practiced by our enemies 
upon Confederate prisoners. 

In every large prison at the North, cruelty was 
systematically practiced for the purpose of forcing prison- 
ers to take the oath of allegiance to the Federal 
government, or, in case of their refusal, of enfeebling 
their health to such an extent as to rendei them unfit for 
military service, on their return to the South. The 
treatment of some of the prisoners .was so severe, that 
when they were taken from the cells, the blood gushed 
from their ears. 

Sometimes prisoners,- thinly clad, were removed 
long distances from one prison to another, in the coldest 
weather. No provisions were takpn for them, and be- 
nevolent people along the route were forbidden to give 
them either food or clothino;. On such occasions laro-e 
numbers of the wretched sufferers died in the cars ; but 
they gained a happy release. No one can read the 
accounts of the treatment of Southern prisoners, in most 



y 

G-O-' 

c-o- 




SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 289 

of the large prisons at the North, without feeling- that 
those who died soonest were the most favored. 

At camp Douglas, on lake Michigan, during an 
intensely cold spell in the winter of 1862, when icicles 
hung from the roof of the prison, within two inches of 
the stove pipe, and the breath froze on the beards of the 
prisoners, six blankets were isssued to about 160 men- — 
the only blankets issued during the winter. Few of 
those detailed to bring in fuel returned without being 
frost-bitten ; many were brought back insensible, or in a 
helpless condition; some had their arms frozen stiff 
around the wood and could not open them. The food 
was very scanty, and rats and dogs were eaten whenever 
they could be procured. "Men," says one prisoner, "talk 
of the horrors of Andersonville. If those who now sleep 
on the shores of Lake Michigan could tell the story of 
their sufferings, Andersonville would appear as a paradise 
in comparison." 

In one instance when a negro guard had shot into a 
crowd of over two hundred Southern prisoners, at Point 
Lookout, without provocation, killing and wounding five 
men, the officer of the day, in presence of the prisoners, 
told him when his ammunition gave out to let him know, 
and he would furnish more. Men were frozen to death 
by being forced to sleep on the ground with only one 
blanket and no fire. The rations were just enough to 
keep soul and body together. "The fiendish brutality 
practiced by the Fifth Massachusetts Cavalry, on the 
defenseless unfortunates at this post, can never be forgot- 
ten or forgiven." "I was a prisoner for eight long 
months," says one man, "and the sufferings I witnessed 
during that time, I never before had any conception of. 
I am told by those who experienced the tortures of Fort 
Delaware, that they were still worse." 

Tying up by the thumbs was a punishment practiced 
daily at Fort Delaware, for the slightest infraction of 
prison rules ; men were frequently tied up in this way 
for two and three hours at a time. At eight o'clock every 
morning, one small piece of mixed corn and wheat bread, 
and about an ounce of salt, were issued to each prisoner. 



290 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 

The same quantity was issued at two o'clock, with the 
addition of a pint of filthy soup. This was all they had. 
A poor boy from Charlottesville, Virginia, was shot dead 
for throwing some water from a cup out of a window of 
the barracks. One stove was all that was allowed about 
ten thousand men in the coldest winter months. A lieu- 
tenant, for a very slight offense, was ordered by General 
Schoepf, to have his hands manacled behind his back, 
and to be hung up by his elbows. He was kept hanging, 
until he fainted, from excruciating agony. A surgeon 
was detailed, to watch the operation, and to replace the 
shoulders of the unfortunate sufferer, when they became 
dislocated. This was repeated several times, after which 
the prisoner was placed in solitary confinement for ten 
days. The corpses of prisoners were sold, and bodies 
taken from the graves, for the use of medical colleges and 
surgeons. 

"In reply to a resolution of the House of Representa- 
tives, says the Washington "Union," calling upon the 
Secretary of War, for the number of prisoners of either 
side held, and that died during the war, he makes the 
following report: Number of Union prisoners South, 
261,000; number of Confederate prisoners North, 
200,000; number of Union prisoners died, 22,576; 
number of Confederate prisoners died, 26,535. Out of 
261,000 Union Prisoners, 22,500 died. The Union 
prisoners exceeded the Confederate prisoners 61,000, 
yet the deaths of the Union prisoners fell below those of 
the Confederate prisoners six thousand. Two Yankee 
prisoners died out of every twenty-three, in Southern 
pens. Two Confederate prisoners died out of every 
fifteen, in Northern pens. 

It is due to the truth of history and to the cause of the 
Southern Confederacy, that these figures published by 
the authority of the United States Secretary of War, Mr. 
Stanton, should be widely circulated. From them we 
learn that, .although the Southern Confederacy had more 
Northern prisoners in its hands, than the Northern Gov- 
ernment had of Southern prisoners, the mortality in the 
Northern prisons was more than twice as great as in the 



SCRArS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 291 

Southern. It is thus that facts and figures disprove the 
the violent calumnies which were set afloat in a time of 
passion, regarding the treatment of Union prisoners by 
the Southern government and its agents. The reader 
will not readily forget the shocking charges which were 
made during the war, not only against such men as Cap- 
tain Wirz, but against high-minded, honorable, christian 
men, like Mr. Jefferson Davis, himself. Had these 
stories been true, they would necessarily show a large! y 
disproportionately excess of mortality in Southern prisons. 
The official records — not of the Southern States, be it 
remembered, but of the Northern States, show that the 
death rate was much greater in the North, than in the 
South. 

We do not pretend to say that there were not hard- 
ships, nay, grevious sufferings experienced in both the 
Northern and Southern pens. To say this, would be to 
say what was not the case. But it is evident that if the 
results are to be taken, as indicating the character of the 
treatment received, and we think they may be very fairly 
so taken, the Northern prisoners in the hands of the Con- 
federacy were treated more leniently, than were the 
Southerners who had the misfortune to fall into the 
hands of their Northern oppressors. Assuming that the 
mode of treatment was the same in the North as in the 
South, the death rate in the Southern prisons ought to 
have been greater than in the Northern. For it is an in- 
disputable fact that a Northern man will naturally suffer 
more in a Southern climate, than a Southern man will in a 
Northern climate. Besides, during the war, the Northern 
Government experienced no want of wholesome pro- 
visions wherewith to feed the prisoners who fell into their 
hands, if they had intended to treat them well, whilst the 
Confederacy was not so highly favored. Taking all these 
circumstances together, they go to show, that without the 
exercise of any extraneous influence, the mortality in the 
South, ought to have been much greater than in the 
North. That the opposite was the case — and to a very 
great extent too — must be taken as uttterly disproving 
the charges of wanton cruelty against the South, which 



292 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 

were so common at the time, and which, grossly exagger- 
ated by artistic imagination, helped to disfigure the pic- 
torial columns of "Harper's Weekly." 

We would have allowed this subject to slumber on, as 
it has been doing lately, were it not for the publication of 
the official figures, which come so opportunely, to relieve 
every resident of the Southern States, whether man or 
woman, whether abroad or at home, of the opprobrium 
which interested parties have sought to cast upon them, 
by the circulation of the most glaring falsehoods; and be- 
cause even now, Radical sheets in the Northern States, 
do not hesitate to fling the accusation in the face of Mr. 
Jefferson Davis, with a view of influencing public opinion 
against him, whilst he is retained in custody, and, of 
course, debarred from replying to the falsehoods. Im- 
partial history will record that the Southern people 
fought their cause with a nobleness of conduct, which did 
them honor. They fell, but falling could say in the 
memorable words of another people, who, like themselves, 
had striven, but in vain, for independence, "All is lost 
save honor." There was no fouler charge made against 
the Southern people, than that of having cruelly treated 
Northern prisoners. By the mouths of their enemies 
have they been fully vindicated. 



SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 298 



TREATMENT OF JEFFERSON DAVIS. 



The following account of the treatment of the Presi- 
dent of the late Confederate States, Jefferson Davis, by a 
so-called civilized government, is without a parallel in the 
history of civilization. Louis Napoleon, (after his two 
failures at invasion of his own country, from a foreign 
shore at Boulogne and Strasburg,) while confined at Ham, 
was treated in a manner, becoming his distinguished social 
position. Lafayette, during his five years' confinement 
at Olmutz, received deferential consideration at the hands 
of his jailors. Since time immemorial, State prisoners 
have received from all governments, no matter how bar- 
barous, gentle treatment, until trial— but in the United 
States of America, a party of fanatics in power, have been 
led to the commission of unconstitutional and inhuman 
acts, that causes any conservator of peace and morals, to 
blush for his countrymen ; their criminal abuses being so 
palpable — as in the case of Jefferson Davis, who has not 
been brought to trial, simply from the fact, that his 
acquittal, (a settled fact before an impartial jury,) would 
result in the establishment of the principle of State rights, 
and show to the world, that the late crusade against the 
South, was an Abolition raid, into which many honest 
men were led, imagining they were fighting for the integ- 
rity and orflmess of the Union. 

"MANACLED. 

" Stop, soldier, stop ! this cruel act 
Will ring through all the land, 
Shame on the heart that planned the deed ! 
Shame on the coward hand 



294 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 

That drops the sword of justice bright 

To grasp these iron rings ! 
On them, not me, dishonor falls, 

To them this dark shame clings.. 

" Manacled? O, my God ! my God ! 

Is this a christian land ? 
And did our countries ever meet 

And grasp each other's hand ? 
O, Mexico ! on thy red fields 

I battled 'midst the fray ; i 
My riflemen, with steady aim. 

Won Buena Vista's day. 

" Manacled ! far down the South 

Let this one word speed fast, 
My country, thou hast borne great wrongs, 

But this, the last, the last, 
Will send a thrill through thy high heart, 

Despair will spurn control, 
And these hard irons pressing here 

Will enter thy proud soul. 

"Manacled! O, word of shame! 

Ring it through all the world ! 
My countrymen, on you, on you, 

This heavy wrong is hurled. 
We flung our banners to the air ; 

We fought as brave men fight ; 
Our battle-cry rang through the land ; 

Home ! liberty ! and right ! 

"Manacled ! For this I am here. 

Clanking the prisoner's chain. 
We fought — and nobly did we fisht — 

We fought, but fought in vain ; 
Down in that billowy sea of blood 

Went all our jewels rare, 
And Hope rushed wailing from the scene 

And took herself to prayer ! 

"Manacled! manacled! Words of woe, 

But words of greater shame ; 
I've that within me which these wrongs, 

Can never,' never tame ; 
And standing proud in conscious worth, 

I represent my land, 
And that Lost Cause for which she bled, 

Lofty, heroic, grand!" 



SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 295 

HOW MR. DAVIS WAS IMPRISONED AT FOR- 
TRESS MONROE. 



TJie Ironing Business — The True Relation of Facti 



STATEMENT OP EVENTS CONNECTED WITH THE FETTERING OP JEF- 
FERSON DAVIS, WHEN A PRISONER AT FORTRESS MONROE, AS 
DERIVED FROM, AND VERIFIED BY THE PRISONER AND AN OFFI- 
CER OF THE DAY. 



INCORRECTNESS OF CRAVEN S BOOK. 



When Jefferson Davis was brought a captive to For- 
tress Monroe, he was confined in a gun-room of a case- 
mate, the embrasure of which was closed with a heavy- 
iron grating, and the doors which communicated with the 
gunner's room were closed with heavy double shutters, 
fastened with cross bars and padlocks. The side openings 
had been closed up with fresh masonry, the plastering of 
which was soft to the touch, the top being an arch to 
support the earth of the parapet. Two sentinels, with 
muskets loaded and bayonets fixed, paced to and fro 
across this small prison. Two other sentinels and a com: 
misssioned officer occupied the gunner's room, the doors 
and windows of which were strongly secured. The officer 
of the day had the key of the outer door, and sentinels 
were posted on the outer pavement in front of it. There 
were also sentinels on the parapet overhead. The em- 
brasure looked out on the west ditch, say sixty feet wide, 
the water in which was probably from seven to ten feet 
deep, the scarp and counterscarp revetted with dressed 
masonry. « Beyond the ditch, on the glacis, was a double 
chain of sentinels, and in the casemate rooms, on each 
side of the prison, were quartered that part of the guard 
which was not on post. 

Borne down by privation, over exertion and exposure, 
he was in no condition, when thrown into prison, to resist 



296 SCRAPS PROM THE PRISON TABLE. 

exciting causes of disease. The clamp walls, the food too 
coarse and bad to be eaten, the deprivation of sleep, 
caused by the tramping of sentries around the iron cot, the 
LigHt of the lamp, which shone full upon it, the loud cal- 
ling of the roll, when another relief was called out, the 
noise of unlocking the doors, the tramp of the sentinels, 
who came to relieve those on post, produced fever, and 
rapidly wasted his strength. Without mechanical aid, 
though his efforts were not interrupted, no one could 
have removed the grating from the embrasure. If that 
had been done, and any one could have swam across the 
ditch, and climbed up the revetment on the opposite side, 
which was doubtful, he then would have encountered the 
sentinels on the glacis. The circumstances, together with 
many manifestations, indicating feeling towards him, led 
him to the conclusion, that it was not the belief that these 
things were necessary to prevent his escape, but a pur- 
pose to offer an indignity, to inflict physical pain, and 
perhaps to deprive him of life. 

On the 23d of May, 1865, the officer of the day, Cap- 
tain J. Titlow, of the Third Pennsylvania artillery, came 
into his prison with two blacksmiths, bearing a pair of 
heavy leg irons coupled together by a ponderous chain. 
Captain Titlow, in a manner fully sustaining his w'ords, 
informed him that with great personal reluctance, he came 
to execute an order to put irons upon him. Mr. Davis 
asked whether General Miles had given that order, and 
on being answered in the affirmative, said he, wished to 
see General Miles. Captain Titlow replied that he had 
just left General Miles, who w r as leaving the fort. Mr. 
I >avis then asked that the execution of the order should 
be postponed until General Miles returned. Captain 
Titlow said his orders would not permit that, and that to 
an old soldier it was needless to say that an officer was 
bound to execute an order as it w r as given to him. Mr. 
Davis told him that it was too obvious, that there could 
be m necessity for the use of such means to render his 
imprisonment secure ; and on Captain Titlow's repeating 
that his duty was to execute his orders, Mr. Davis said it 
was not such an order as a soldier could give, or should 



SCEAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 297 

receive, and he would not submit to it ; that it was evi- 
dently the intention to torture him to death ; that he 
would never tame.' v be subjected to indignities by which 
it was sought in his person to degrade the cause of which 
he was a representative. The officer of the day with evi- 
dent kind feeling endeavored to dissuade him from resis- 
tance. The officer of the guard came in from the front 
room with the officer of the day, to induce him to yield. 
It was needless to show what was very apparent, that re- 
sistance could not be successful, and Mr. Davis' answer 
was that he was " a soldier and a gentleman, that he knew 
how to die," and pointing to the sentinel who stood ready, 
said, " let your men shoot me at once." He faced round 
with his back to the wall, and stood silently waiting. His 
quiet manner led the officer to suppose that no resistance 
would be made, and therefore the blacksmiths were di- 
rected to do their work. As one of them stooped down 
to put on the fetters, Mr. Davis slung him off so violently 
as to throw him on the floor ; he recovered and raised 
his hammer to strike, but the officer of the day stopped 
him ; simultaneously one of the sentinels cocked and 
lowered his musket, advancing on the prisonar, who had 
turned to encounter his assailant, and thus did not see the 
purpose of the blacksmith. Captain Titlow T saw the new 
danger, and promptly interposed, telling the sentinels that 
they were not to lire. Ordered the officer of the guard to 
bring in four of the strongest men of the guard without 
firearms, for the purpose of overcoming by muscular 
strength the resistance which was threatened. 

Mr. Davis had nothing with which to defend himself, 
even his pen-knife having been previously taken from 
him. The contest was brief, and ended in his being 
thrown down, four men being on his body and head. 
He could not see the blacksmiths when they approached 
to put on the irons, but feeling one of them, he kicked 
him off from him against the wall. The smith recover- 
ed, and witli the aid which the other men could give 
him, succeeded in the second attempt to rivit one fetter, 
and secure the padlock which held the other. Mr. 
Davis scornfully asked his assailants if thev "called" 
20 



298 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 

themselves "soldiers," and said "the shame is yours, 
not mine." The object being effected, the officer of the 
day withdrew the men lie had brought in. The prisoner 
lay down on the cot, covered his ironed limbs with the 
blanket, and felt only more intense contempt for the 
brutality with which he was treated than when a few 
minutes before he had announced his belief that he was 
to be tortured to death, and detied the power which at- 
tempted to degrade him. Of the dramatic account pub- 
lished in Dr. Craven's book, he said it could not have 
been written by one who either knew the facts, or had 
such personal knowledge of him as to form a just idea of 
what his conduct would be under such circumstances. 
The fact (he added) was that very little was said either 
by Captain Titlow or by himself, and that whatever was 
said, was uttered in a very quiet and practical manner. 
For himself he would say, he was too resolved, and too 
proudly conscious of his relation to a sacred, though 
unsuccessful cause, for such acclamations and manifesta- 
tions as were imputed to him by Dr. Craven's informant, 
and given to the public in his books. 



SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE 299 



THE MURDERED WIRZ. 



LETTER OF LOUIS SCHADE, ESQ. 



The youth of the South will consider the facts so truth- 
fully presented in the following letter of Louis Schade, 
esq., that eminent counsellor, which proves that our late 
beloved chief was innocent of any participation in the so- 
called atrocities of Andersonville, and that the murdered 
Wirz was more sinned against than sinning. The author 
knows that on one occasion, that when passing the depot 
while the sick Federal prisoner was being removed from the 
cars, that the persecuted and murdered Wirz, did assist 
in lifting a sick man in his own arms, and in this connec- 
tion permit the writer to say, that no people on the earth 
have ever treated prisoners as cruelly as the Abolition 
fanatics of the North, and no prisoners have been treated 
with more humanity (so far as compatible, with the capa- 
city of the government) than the Federal prisoners in Con- 
teclerate prisons : 

Intending to leave the United States for some time, I 
feel it my duty, before I start, to fulfil in part a promise 
which, a lew hours before his death, I gave to my unfor- 
tunate client, Captain Wirz, who was executed at Wash- 
ington, on the 10th day of November, 1865. Protesting 
up to the last moment his innocence of those monstrous 
crimes with which he was charged, he received my word, 
that, having failed to save him from a felon's doom, I 
would, as long as I lived, do everything in my power to 



300 SCEAPS FROM THE PEISON TABLE. 

clear his memory. I did that the more readily, as I was 
then perfectly convinced that he suffered wrongfully. 
Since that time, his unfortunate children, both here and 
in Europe, have constantly implored me to wipe out the 
terrible stains which now cover the name of their father. 
Though the times do not seem propitious for obtaining 
full justice, yet, considering that man is mortal, I will, 
before Entering upon a perilous voyage, perform my duty 
to those innocent orphans, and also to myself. 

I will now give a brief statement of the causes which 
led to the arrest and execution of Captain Wirz. In April, 
1865, President Johnson issued a proclamation stating that 
from evidence in the possession of the "Bureau of Mili- 
tary Justice," it appeared that Jefferson Davis was im- 
plicated in the assassination of Abraham Lincoln, and for 
that reason the President offered a reward of 100,000 on 
the capture of the then fugitive ex -President of the South- 
ern Confederacy. That testimony has since been found 
to be entirely false and a mere fabrication, and the sub- 
orner, Conover, is now under sentence in the jail of this 
city, the two perjurers, whom he suborned, having turned 
State evidence against him, whilst the individual, by whom 
Conover was suborned, has not yet been brought to jus- 
tice. 

Certain high and influential enemies of Jefferson Davis, 
either then already aware of the character of the testimo- 
ny of those witnesses, or not thinking their testimony quite 
sufficient to hang Jefferson Davis, expected to find the 
wanting material in the terrible mortality of the Union 
prisoners at Andersonville. Orders were issued accord- 
ingly to arrest a subaltern officer, Captain Wirz, a poor, 
friendless and wounded prisoner of war, (he being included 
in the surrender of General Johnston,) and besides a 
foreigner by birth. On the 7th of May, he were placed 
in the old Capital Prison at Washington, and from that 
time the greater part of the Northern press was busily 
engaged in forming the unfortunate man in the eyes of 
the Northern people into such a monster that it became 
almost impossible for him to obtain counsel. Even his 
countryman, the Swiss Consul General, publicly refused to 



SCRAS FROPM THE PRISON TABLE. 301 

accept money to defray the expenses of the trial. He was 
doomed before he was heard, and even the permission to 
be heard according to law was denied him. To increase 
the excitement and give eclat to the proceeding, and to 
inflame still more the public mind, the trial took place 
under the very dome of the capitol of the nation. A 
military commission, presided over by one of the. most 
arbitrary and despotic generals in the country, was form- 
ed, and the paroled prisoner of war, his wounds still open, 
and so feeble that he had to recline during the trial on a 
sofa, carried before the same. How that trial was con- 
ducted, the whole world knows. The enemies of gener- 
osity and humanity believed it then a sure thing to get 
at Jefferson Davis. 

Therefore, the first charge was that of conspiracy be- 
tween Wirz, Jefferson Davis, Seddon, Howell Cobb, R. 
B. Winder, and a number of others, to kill the Union 
prisoners. The trial lasted for three months, but un- 
fortunately for the blood-thirsty instigators, not a particle 
of evidence was produced, showing the existence of such 
a conspiracy ; yet, Captain Wirz was found guilty of that 
charge! Having thus failed, another effort was made. 
On the night before the execution of the prisoner a 
telegram was sent to the Northern press from this city, 
stating that Wirz had made important disclosures to 
(leneral L. C. Baker, the well-known detective, impli- 
cating Jefferson Davis, and that the confession would 
probably be given to the public. On the same evening 
some parties came to the confessor of Wirz, Rev. Father 
Boyle, and also to me, one of them informing me that a 
high Cabinet officer wished to assure Wirz, that if he 
would implicate Jefferson Davis with the atrocities com- 
mitted at Andersonville, his sentence would be commuted. 
He, the messenger, or who ever he was, requested me to 
inform Wirz of this. In presence of Father Boyle I 
told Wirz next morning what had happened. The 
Captain simply and quietly replied: "Mr. Schade, you 
know that I have always told you that I do not know 
anything about Jefferson Davis. He had no connection 
with me as to what was done at Andersonville. If I 



302 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 

knew anything about liim I would not become a traitor 
against him or anybody else, even to save my life." He 
likewise denied that he had made any statement what- 
ever to General Baker. Thus ended the attempt to 
suborn Captain Wirz against Jefferson Davis. That 
alone shows what a man he was. How many of his 
detainers would have done the same ? With his wounded 
arm in a sling, the poor paroled prisoner mounted, two 
hours later, the scaffold. His last words were that he 
died innocent — and so he did. The 10th* day of Novem- 
ber, 1865, will indeed be a black stain upon the pages of 
American history. 

To weaken the effect of his declaration of innocence, 
and of the noble manner in which Wirz died, a telegram 
was manufactured here and sent North, stating that on 
the 27th of October, Mrs. Wirz, (who actually was 900 
miles on that day away from Washington,) had been 
prevented by that Stantonian deus ex machiua General 
L. C. Baker, from poisoning her husband! Thus, on 
the same day when the unfortunate family lost their 
husband and father, a cowardly and atrocious attempt 
was made to blacken their character also. On the next 
day I branded the whole as an infamous lie, and since 
then I never have heard of it again, though it emanated 
from a Brigadier-General of the United States army. 

All those who were charged with having conspired 
with Captain Wirz have since been released, except 
Jefferson Davis, the prisoner of the American Castle of 
Chillon, Captain Winder, was let off without trial, and if 
any of the others have been tried, which I do not know, 
certainly none of them have been hung. As Captain 
Wirz could not conspire alone, nobody will now, in view 
of that important fact, consider him guilty of that charge. 
So much, then, for charge No. 1. 

As to charge No. 2, to wit: Murder, in violation of 
the laws and customs of war, I do not hesitate to declare 
that about 145 out of 160 witnesses on both sides, de- 
clared during the trial, that Captain Wirz never murdered 
or killed any Union prisoners, with his own bauds or 
otherwise. All those witnesses (about twelve to fifteen,) 



SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 303 

who testified that they saw Captain Wirz kill a prisoner, 
have sworn falsely, abundant proofs of that assertion 
being in existence. The hands of Captain Wirz are clear 
of the blood of prisoners of war. He would certainly 
have at least intimated to me a knowledge of the alleged 
murders with which he was charged. In most all cases 
no names of the alleged murdered men could be given, 
and where it was done, no such persons could be 
identified. The terrible scene in court, when he was 
confronted with one of the witnesses, and the latter insist- 
ing that Wirz was the man who killed a certain Union 
prisoner, which irritated the prisoner so much that he 
almost fainted, will still be remembered. That man 
(Grey) swore falsely, and God alone knows what the poor 
innocent prisoner must have suffered at that moment. 
That scene was depicted and illustrated in the Northern 
newspapers as if Wirz had broken down on account of 
his guilt. Seldom has mortal suffered more than that 
friendless and forsaken man. 

Fearing lest this communication will be too long, I 
will merely speak of the principal and most intelligent of 
these false witnesses, who testified to individual murder 
on the part of Captain Wirz. Upon his testimony the 
Judge Advocate in his final argument laid particular 
stress on account of his intelligence. This witness pre- 
pared also pictures of the alleged cruelties of Wirz, 
which were handed to the Commission, and are now on 
record, copies of which appeared at the time in Northern 
illustrated papers. He swore that his name was Felix 
de la Baume, and represented himself as a Frenchman, 
and grand-nephew of Marquis Lafayette. After having 
so well testified and shown so much zeal, he received a 
recommendation signed by the members of the Commis- 
sion. On the 11th day of October, before the taking of 
the testimony was concluded, he was appointed to a 
clerkship in the Department of the Interior. This oc- 
curred whilst one of the witnesses for the defence 
(Duncan) was arrested in open court and placed in prison 
before he had testified. After the execution of Captain Wirz 
some of the Germans of Washington, recognized in de 



304 SCEAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 

laBaume a deserter from the Seventh New York (Steuben) 
Regiment, whose name was not de la Baume, but Felix 
Oeser, a native of Saxony. They went to Secretary 
Harlan, and he dismissed the impostor and the important 
witness in the Wirz trial on the 21st of November, eleven 
days after the execution. Nobody who is acquainted 
with the Conover testimony, in consequence of which the 
President of the United States was falsely induced to 
place a reward of $100,000 upon the head of an innocent 
man, will be astonished at the above disclosures of the 
character of testimony before military commissions. So 
much for charge No. II. 

If from twelve to fifteen witnesses could be found who 
were willing to testify to so many acts of murder on the 
part of Wirz, there must certainly have been no Jack of 
such who were willing to swear to minor offences. Such 
was the unnatural state of the public mind against the 
prisoner at that time, that such men regarded themselves, 
and were regarded, as heroes, after having testified in the 
manner above described ; whilst on the other hand, the 
witnesses for the defence were intimidated, particularly 
after one of them had been arrested. 

But who is responsible for the many lives that were 
lost at Andersonville, and in the Southern prisons ? That 
question has not fully been settled, but history will tell on 
whose heads the guilt for those .sacrificed hecatombs of hu- 
man 1 >eings is to be placed. It was certainly not the fault of 
poor Captain Wirz, when, in consequence of medicines 
having been declared contraband of war by the North, 
the Union prisoners died for the want of the same. How 
often have we read during the war that ladies, going 
South, had been arrested and placed in the old Capitol 
Prison by the Union authorities, because some quinine, or 
other medicines, had been found concealed in their petti- 
coats ! Our navy prevented the ingress of medical stores 
from the sea-side, and our troops repeatedly destroyed 
drug stores, and even the supplies of private physicians 
in the South. Thus, the scarcity of medicines became 
general all over the South. Surgeon J. C. Pilot writes, 
September 6th, 1864, from Andersonville, [this letter was 



SCRAPS FEOM THE PRISON TABLE. 305 

produced by the Judge Advocate in the Wirz trial]: 
" We have little more than the indigenous barks and 
roots with which to treat the numerous forms of disease 
to which our attention is daily called. For the treatment 
of wounds, ulcers, &c, we have literally nothing, except 
water. Our wards, some of them, are wild with gangrene, 
and we are compelled to fold our arms and look quietly 
upon its ravages, not even having stimulants to support 
the system under its depressing influence; the article be- 
ing so limited in supply that it can only be issued for 
cases under the knife." 

That provisions in the South were scarce, will astonish 
nobody, when it is remembered how the war was carried 
on. General Sheridan boasted, in his official report that, 
in the Shenandoah valley alone, he burned two thousand 
barns filled with wheat and corn, and all the mills in the 
whole tract of country: that he destroyed all factories of 
cloth, and killed, or drove off, every animal, even to the 
poultry, that could contribute to human sustenance. And 
those desolations were repeated in different parts of the 
South, and that so thoroughly, that last month, two 
years after the end of the war, Congress had to appropri- 
ate a million of dollars, to save the people of those 
regions from actual starvation. The destruction of rail- 
roads, and other means of transportati6n, by which food 
should be supplied by abundant districts to those without 
it, increased'the difficulties in giving sufficient food to our 
prisoners. 

The Confederate authorities, aware of their inability to 
maintain their prisoners, informed the Northern agents 
of the great mortality, and urgently requested that the 
prisoners should he exchanged, even without regard to 
the surplus which the Confederates had on the exchange 
roll from former exchanges, that is, man for man, but our 
War Department did not consent to an exchange. They 
did not want to "exchange skeletons for healthy men." 
Finally, when all hopes of exchange were gone, Colonel 
Quid, the Confederate Commissioner, offered, early in 
August, 18(54, to deliver up all the Federal sick and 
wounded, without requiring an equivalent in return, and 



306 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE, 

pledged that the number would amount to ten or fifteen 
thousand, and, if it did not, he would make up that num- 
ber with well men. Although this offer was made in 
August, the transportation was not sent for them (to 
Savannah) until December, although he urged and im- 
plored, (to use his own words,) that haste should be made. 
During that very period, the most of the deaths at 
Andersonville occurred. 'Congressman Covode, who lost 
two sons in Southern prisons, will do well if he inquires 
who these "skeletons" were which the Honorable Sec- 
retary of War did not want to exchange for healthy men! 
If he does, he will hereafter be perhaps less bitter against 
the people of the South. 

But has the North treated her Southern prisoners so 
well that she should lift up her hands and cry " anathe- 
ma" over the South. Mr. Stanton's reports to Congress, 
July 19, 186G, that of Southern prisoners there died in 
the North 26,438, and of Northern prisoners in the South 
22,576. What a fearful record! Over 26,000 pris- 
oners dying in the midst of plenty! Mr. Stanton gives 
the total number of prisoners in the North at 220,000, 
and in the South at 126,940. Suppose this to be cor- 
rect, though this statement comes certainly from no im- 
partial source, there died of prisoners in the South, with- 
out medicines and provisions, the fifth part, and in the 
North, with medicines and provisions, the eighth part. 
But in the number of Southern prisons in the North, are 
probably included the paroled prisoners of Lee's, John- 
ston's and Smith's armies, who never entered a Northern 
prison. If that be so, the mortality of Southern prison- 
ers in the North, will be even greater than that of the 
Federal prisoners in the South. 

We used justly to proclaim in former times, .that ours 
was "the land of the free and the home of the brave." 
But wdien one half of the country is shrouded in a despot- 
ism wdiich now only finds a parallel in Russian Poland, 
and when our generals and soldiers quietly permit that 
their former adversaries in arms shall be treated worse than 
the Helots of old, brave soldiers though they may be, who, 
when the forces and resources of both sections were more 



SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 307 

equal, have not seldom seen the backs of our best 
generals, not to speak of such as Butler and consorts, then 
we may well question whether the " star-spangled banner 
still waves over the land of the free or the home of the 
brave." A noble and brave soldier never permits his an- 
tagonist to be calumniated and trampled upon after an 
honorable surrender. Besides, notwithstanding the deci- 
sion of the highest legal tribunal in the land that military 
commissions are unconstitutional, the earnest and able 
protestations of President Johnson, and the sad results of 
military commissions, yet such military commissions are 
again established by recent legislation of Congress all over 
he suffering and starving South. 

History is just, and, as Mr. Lincoln used to say, we 
cannot escape history. Puritanical hypocracy, self-adula- 
tion and self-glorification will not save those enemies of 
liberty from their just punishment. 

Not even a christian burial of the remains of Captain 
Wirz was allowed by Secretary Stanton. They will lie 
side by side with those of another and acknowledged 
victim of military commissions, the unfortunate Mrs. Sur- 
ratt, in the yard of the former jail in this city. 

If anybody should desire to reply to this, I politely beg 
that it may be done before the first of May next, as then 
I shall leave the country to return in the fall. After that 
day letters will reach me in care of the American Lega- 
tion, or Mr. Benedette Bolzaui, Leipzig street, No. '68, 
Berlin, Prussia. 

LOUIS SCHADE, 
Attorney at Law. 

Washington, April 4, 1867. 



TREATMENT OF FEDERAL PRISONERS AND 
REBEL WITNESSES. 

The following letter from one of the counsel of Captain 
Wirz effectually contradicts the false statements of the 
' w Chronicle " with regard to the manner of the dismissal 



308 SCRAPS FEOM THE PPJSON TABLE. 

of Colonel Ould, and other distinguished Southern men, 
who were summoned as witnesses for the defense upon 
that trial, but were not allowed by the prosecution to 
testify : 

Washington, D. C, September 5, 1868. 

To the Editor of the National Intelligencer : 

My attention has been called to the following extract 
from an article contained in the " Chronicle," of the 27th 
of August last, to wit : 

" The statements in Robert Ould's letter, that though 
announced as a witness for the defense in the Wirz case, 
lie was dismissed by the prosecution, is authoritatively 
pronounced a malicious perversion of the facts. In mili- 
tary trials all witnesses are both summoned and dismissed 
by the Judge Advocate ; and had Wirz's counsel designed 
that Mr. Ould should be put upon the stand, it would 
have been done, though he would not have been allowed 
to make an entirely irrelevant statement in defense of the 
rebel system of exchange." 

The words "authoritatively pronounced" induce me 
to believe that the said article emanates from one of the 
participants in the trial of the unfortunate Captain Wirz. 
They tremble for fear that .retribution will soon follow, 
and are, consequently, trying to exculpate themselves by 
false statements. But there is no escaping for them ! 

Last spring a report of the Wirz trial was published 
by order of Congress. Though somewhat mutilated and 
curtailed, it will yet serve to expose the above falsehood 
of the " Chronicle." On page (315 of that report I find 
the following : 

" The Judge Advocate (Colonel Chipman) — There is 
another point which I desire to submit to the court. 
During the progress of this trial, I have sought to exer- 
cise, as properly as I knew how, the discretion placed in 
my hands by the court, upon the subject of subpenaiug 
witnesses. Some witnesses, who may properly be termed 
rebel functionaries, have been subpenaed by me inadvert- 



SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 309 

entry. I have signed such subpenas, made out by my 
clerk, with great haste, and without noticing the fact. 
Others were subpenaed by me deliberately, but upon fur- 
ther consideration, I deemed it my duty to revoke the 
subpena. This remark applies to a certain class of wit- 
nesses, which the court will understand ; it embraces men, 
who have been leaders in the rebellion, such as General 
Lee, Mr. Seddon, Mr. Mallory, Surgeon-General Moore, 
Commissioner Ould, and others." * * 

It will be observed, that the Juds-e Advocate, having 
in the eyes of his superiors committed the great blunder 
of permitting the defense to have such witnesses sub- 
penaed, whose testimony could not be otherwise but 
damaging to the blood-thirsty plans of Stanton, Holt, and 
their tool, Grant, tries to excuse himself, by stating that 
he had corrected his error, and revoked the subpenas. 
On page 617 he again says : 

* * " Certain political questions involved in sub- 
penaing such persons as General Lee would suggest them- 
selves to any mind. After it came to my knowledge, 
that those witnesses were to be brought here for purposes 
other than those indicated by counsel, I acted on what I 
thought a wise discretion, and revoked the subpenas to 
General Lee and others. In every case where I revoked 
subpenas, or declined to issue them, the evidence impli- 
cates the party as an accessory either before or after the 
fact, a principal in the first or second degree, or co-con- 
spirator." 

In page 618 he expressed the following kind feeling 
towards Colonel Ould : 

* * " Colonel Ould is connected with those atrocities, 
or he will be connected with them before the conclusion 
of the trial, and the court cannot allow him to testify for 
his associate. Colonel Ould was in position where the 
facts regarding the prison at Andersonville must have 
come to his knowledge." 

Colonel Ould had, therefore, a narrow escape from be- 
coming an inmate of the- Old Capitol, and sharing the fate 
of poor Wirz. Had the real Andersonville murderers 
only imagined that some years later he would expose to 



310 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 

the world their terrible and cruel crimes toward their own 
soldiers, I doubt very much whether Colonel Ould would 
ever have been permitted to return to Richmond, for 
" dead men tell no tales." 

It is almost superfluous, after citing the above extracts 
from the official record, to state in addition that the sub- 
peneas of General Lee, Colonel^Ould, and other Southern 
witnesses, were stopped or revoked without the consent 
and even the knowledge of the counsel of Captain Wirz. 
As the whole trial was nothing but a most wretched farce, 
those gentlemen, even if they had succeeded in appearing 
as witnesses before the commission, would not have been 
permitted to say anything in favor of the prisoner and the 
cause of justice and humanity. Perhaps they may have 
shared the fate of one ot the witnesses for the defence, 
(Duncan,) who was arrested in open court before he had 
time to testify. At any rate, they would have been sub- 
ject to the over-bearing insolence of the President of the 
commission, General Lew Wallace, whilst at the other 
end of the table the Judge Advocate, by sneering ques- 
tions and insulting insinuations, would have taxed to the 
utmost the forbearance of the rebels, as he politely used 
to denominate the Southern witnesses. In fact, after it 
had become apparent that the defense would not be allowed 
to produce any evidence in favor of the prisoner, particu- 
larly after the above mentioned subpenas had been coun- 
termanded or revoked without our knowledge, ho further 
attempt was made on our part to bring these gentlemen 
before the commission. Captain Wirz told me several 
times that even to save his life he would not place his 
cherished, brave and noble chieftain, General Lee, in the 
position of being exposed to the insults of such a man as 
Lew Wallace. 

The recent revelations by Colonel Ould must, indeed, 
be a terrible blow to the participants in the murder of 
Captain Wirz ; for murder it was, and has so been decided 
by the highest tribunal of the country. Wirz, as he pro- 
mised before his death, is already haunting them by day 
and night. No Loyal Leagues and Grand Armies of the 
Republic can protect them against that terrible spectre. 



SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 311 

The remains of the man who spurned life at the cost of 
becoming a traitor or suborned witness against Ins former 
compatriots lie still side by side with those of poor Mrs. 
Surratt, buried in one of the warehouses of the arsenal in 
this city, and still denied the right of christian burial. 
Nobody any longer doubts that they have been murdered. 
The Supreme Court has declared those commissions by 
which they were convicted to be unconstitutional. Yet 
their orphan children are not even permitted to weep at 
their graves ! How savage this nation has become ! 

Can it be true that the star-spangled banner still waves 
" over the land of the free and the home of the brave." 
Respectfully, 

LOUIS SCHADE. 



312 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 

Formation of the Southern Confederacy 
and State Governments, 

]J iih dates of their admission to, and withdrdwal from, 
the Confederation of the United States. 



FORMATION OF THE SOUTHERN CON- 
FED E R A C Y. 

The independence of the Southern Confederate States, 
commenced by the withdrawal of the State of South Caro- 
lina from the old Federal Union of the United States. 
The ordinance of secession was passed on December 20th, 
1860, by a unanimous vote. The withdrawal of South 
Carolina from the old Union was followed successively 
by the States of Florida, Mississippi, Alabama, Georgia, 
and Louisiana. A convention of delegates from the six 
seceding States assembled in Congress at Montgomery, 
Alabama, to organize a Provisional Government, on the 
4th day of February, 1S6J. The Hon. R. M.Barnwell, 
of South Carolina, was appointed temporary chairman. 

A. R. Lamar, esq., of Georgia, was then appointed 
temporary secretary, and the deputies from the several 
States represented, presented their credentials in alpha- 
betical order, and signed their names to the roll of the 
convention. 

The following is the list : 

Alabama.— R. W. Walker, R. H. Smith, J. L. M. 
Curry, W. P. Chilton, S. F. Hale Colon, J. McRae, John 
Gill Shorter, David P. Lewis, Thomas Fearn. 

Georgia. — -Robert Toombs, Howell Cobb, F. S. Bar- 
tow, M. J. Crawford. E. A. Nisbet, B. H. Hill, A. R. 
Wright, Thomas R. R. Cobb, A. H. Kenan, A. H. 
Stephens. 

Jxississippi. — W. P. Harris, Walter Brooke, N. S. 
Wilson, A. M. Clayton, W. S. Barry, J. T. Harrison. * 



SCEAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 313 

South Carolina. — It. B. Rhett, R. W. Barnwell, L. 
M. Keitt, James Chesnut, Jr., C. G. Memminger, W. 
Porcher Miles, Thomas J. Withers, W. W. Boyce. 

Florida. — James B. Owens, J. Patten Anderson, Jack- 
son Morton, (not present.) 

Louisiana. — John Perkins, Jr., A. Deelonet, Charles 
M. Conrad, D. F. Kenner, G. E. Sparrow, Henry Mar- 
shall. 

The constitution of the Confederate States, was adopted 
on Friday, February 8, 1861. On Saturday the 9th, 
Congress proceeded to the election of a President and 
Vice-President. Jefferson Davis, of Mississippi, and 
Alexander H. Stephens, of Georgia, were unanimously 
elected. On the 18th of the same month, President 
Davis was inaugurated. 

The Presidential term of one year of the Provisional 
Government, under the constitution, began on the 18 th 
day of February, 1861, and will expire on the 22d day of 
February, 1862. The first election, under the Confeder- 
ate constitution, for President and Vice-President for the 
first regular Presidential term of six years, was held on 
the 6th day of November, 1861, in each State through- 
out the Confedercay. 



GOVERNMENT OF THE CONFEDERATE 

STATES. 

Jefferson Davis, of Mississippi, President. 

Alexander H. Stephens, of Georgia, Vice-President. 

Colonel Joseph Davis, of Mississippi, Aid to the Pres- 
ident. 

Captain R. Josselyn, of Mississippi, Private Secretary 
of the President. 

R. M. T. Hunter, Virginia, Secretary of State ; Wil- 
liam M. Browne, Assistant Secretary of State ; P. P. 
■ Dandridge, Chief Clerk. 

C. G. Memminger, South Carolina, Secretary of the 
Treasury; P. Clayton, Georgia, Assistant Secretary of 
21 



314 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 

the Treasury ; H. D. Capers, Chief Clerk of the Depart 
merit ; Lewis Cruger, South Carolina, Comptroller and 
Solicitor ; Boiling Baker, Georgia, First Auditor ; W. H. 
S. Taylor, Louisiana, Second Auditor ; Robert Tyler, 
Virginia, Register ; E. C. Elmore, Alabama, Treasurer. 

J. P. Benjamin, Louisiana, Secretary of War ; A. T. 
Bledsoe, Virginia, Chief Clerk of the Department; S. 
Cooper, Virginia, Adjutant and Inspector General of the 
Confederate States Army; Lieutenant-Colonel B. Chil- 
ton and Captain J. Withers, South Carolina, Assistants 
Adjutant and Inspector General; Colonel R. Taylor, 
Kentucky, Quartermaster General ; Colonel A. C. Myers, 
South Carolina, Assistant Quartermaster General ; Lieu- 
tenant-Colonel Northrop, South Carolina, Commissary 
General; Colonel J. Gorgas, Virginia, Chief of Ordnance; 
Colonel S. P. Moore, (M. D.,) South Carolina, Surgeon 
General; Captain C. H. Smith, (M. D.,) Virginia, As- 
sistant Surgeon General; Captain Leg. G. Capers, (M. 
D.,) South Carolina, Chief Clerk of the Medical Depart- 
ment; Major D. Hubbard, Alabama, Commissioner of 
Indian Affairs. 

S. R. Mallory, Florida, Secretary of the Navy; Com- 
modore E. M. Tidball, Virginia, Chief Clerk of the 
Department; Commodore D. N. Ingraham, South Caro- 
lina, Chief of Ordnance, Construction, and Repair; 
Captain George Minor, Virginia, Inspector of Ordnance ; 
Commodore L. Rosseau, Louisiana, Chief of Equipment, 
Recruiting Orders, and Detail; Captain W. A. Spots- 
wood, ( M. D.,) Virginia, Chief of Medicine and Surgery; 
Captain John Debree, Chief of Clothing and Provisions. 

Ex-Governor Bragg, North Carolina, Attorney Gen- 
eral; Wade Keys, Alabama, Assistant Attorney General; 
R. R. Rhodes, Mississippi, Commissioner of Patents; G. 
E. W. Nelson, Georgia, Superintendent of Public Print- 
ing ; R. M. Smith, Virginia, Public Printer. 

John H. Reagan, Texas, Postmaster General; H. S. 
Oft'ut, Virginia, Chief Contract Bureau; B. N. Clements, 
Tennesse, Chief Appointment Bureau ; J. L. Harrel, 
Alabama, Chief Finance Bureau ; W. D. Miller, Texas, 
Chief Clerk of Department. 



SCRAS FEOPM THE PEISON TABLE. 315 

South Carolina — Settled by colonies of French, Ger- 
man and Irish, in 1670; adopted the Federal Constitu- 
tion in 1780 ; passed the ordinance of secession, Decem- 
ber 20th, 1860. Area of square miles, 29,385. 

Florida — Settled by Spain, 1516 ; ceded to Great 
Britain, 1763; retaken by the Spaniards, 1781; ceded 
by them to the United States in 1819 ; admitted into the 
Union, 1845; passed the ordinance of secession, January 
8th, 1861. Area, 59,268. 

Mississippi — Settled by the French at Natchez, 1716 : 
this State, together with parts of Georgia, Alabama and 
Florida, formed the Mississippi Territory in 1816; was 
admitted into the Union, 1817; passed ordinance of 
secession January 9th, 1861. Area, 47,156 square miles. 

Alabama — Admitted into the Union, 1820; passed 
ordinance, January 11th, 1861. Area, 50,722 square 
miles. 

Georgia was settled by General Oglethorpe in 1733 ; 
made a royal colony in 1752; adopted the Federal Con- 
stitution in 1798; passed ordinance of secession, January 
19th, 1861. Area, 58,000 square miles. 

Louisiana — Settled by the French in 1699; ceded to 
Spain in 1762 ; purchased by the Federal Union in 1803 ; 
admitted as a State in 1812; passed ordinance of seces- 
sion January 26th, 1861. Area, 41,866 square miles. 

Texas — Settled by the Spaniards, 1690 ; made part of 
the Mexican Republic, 1826 ; war with Mexico for inde- 
pendence commenced in 1833, ended in 1836, making 
her an independent State ; admitted to the Union, 1S45 ; 
passed ordinance of secession, February 1st, 1861. Area, 
237,504 square miles. 

Virginia — Settled by the English in 1607; adopted 
the Constitution, 1776 ; passed ordinance of secession, 
April 18th, 1861. Area, 61,352 square miles. 

Tennessee — Settled, 1757; territory ceded to the 
United States, 1790 ; admitted as a State, 1796 ; passed 
ordinance of secession, May 2d, 1861. Area, 45,600 
square miles. 

Arkansas was part of the Louisiana purchase, made in- 
to a separate territory, 1819 ; admitted as a State, 1836 ; 



316 SCRAPS FEOM THE PRISON TABLE. 

passed ordinance of secession, May 6th, 1861. Area, 
52, 198 square miles. 

North Carolina. — Settled by emigrants from Virginia 
in 1660; was divided into two territories, 1720, (North 
and South Carolina;) adopted the Constitution^ 1790; 
passed ordinance of secession may 21st, 1861. Area. 
50,704 square miles. 

Missouri — Settled by the French in 1764; territorial 
government formed in 1804; admitted to the Union, 
1821 ; passed ordinance of secession, October 28, 1861. 
Area, 64,000 square miles. 

The entire white population of the Confederate State 
in 1860, was 6,867,239. Colored, 3,644,676. Total, 
10,510,915. 



SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 



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318 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 



ORGANIZATION OF THE CONFEDERATE 
STATES ARMY, NOVEMBER, 1861. 



The army of the Potomac is under the supreme com- 
mand of General J. E. Johnston. It embraces three 
grand divisions : the largest and most important, at Man- 
nassas, being commanded by General P. T. G. Beauregard, 
and those at Aquia Creek and Shenandoah Valley, by 
Brigadiers-General T. H. Holmes, of North Carolina, and 
Thomas J. Jackson, of Stone Wall Bridge, respectively. 
General Beauregard's command is subdivided into four 
divisions, commanded respectively by General Gustavus 
W. Smith, Major-General Edmund Kirby Smith, Earl 
Van Dorn, and James Longs treet. Under these officers 
are the numerous brigades composing the army, each 
composed as nearly as possible of regiments belonging to 
the same State, and commanded by their own Brigadiers 
General. The Department of the Northwest remains 
under command of General Lee ; that of the Yorktown 
Peninsula, under Major-General Magruder ; that of Nor- 
folk, under Major-General Huger ; that of Eastern Vir- 
ginia, South of the James river, under Brigadier-General 
Pemberton ; and that of Richmond, under Brigadier- 
General Winder. The coast defences of North Carolina 
are under command of Brigadier-General Gatlin, assisted 
by Brigadiers-General J. R. Anderson and D. H. Hill. 
Those of South Carolina are in charge of Brigadier-Gen- 
eral Ripley : those of Georgia, of Brigadier-General Law- 
ton ; those of Alabama, of Brigadier-General Withers ; 
those of Louisiana, of Major-General Lovell ; and those 
of Texas, of Brigadier-General Hebert. Until his death, 
Brigadier-General Grayson commanded in East Florida. 
The supreme command in Kentucky, is vested in Gene- 
ral A. S. Johnston ; and in Tennessee, in Major-General 
Polk. 



SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 

ARMY WAGES. 



319 



The following is a statemen of the monthly pay of 
officers and privates in the sendee of the Confederate 
States : 



Rank. 


Infantry. 


Cavalry. 


Artillery. 


Colonels 


$180 00 

180 00 

150 00 

130 00 

90 00 

80 00 

20 00 

17 00 

13 00 

12 00 

11 00 | 


$210 00 
185 00 
1G2 00 
HO 00 

foo 00 
90 00 
20 00 
17 00 
13 00 
12 00 
11 00 


$210 00 
185 00 


Lieutenant-Colenels 


Majors 


152 00 


Captains 


130 00 


First Lieutenants 


90 00 


Second Lieutenants 


80 00 


Orderly Sergeants 


20 00 


Other Sergeants 


17 00 


Musicians 


13 00 
12 00 


Privates 


11 00 



The monthly pay of Generals of divisions, or brigades, 
is $301. Privates and non-commissioned officers receive 
one ration a day, and a yearly allowance for clothing : 
commissioned officers are not allowed to draw rations. 



320 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 



INHUMAN TREATMENT 

OF 

CONFEDEEATE PEISONEES. 



Mr. Bicking, a prominent citizen of Bristol, Pa-, known 
to hundreds of citizens of Pennsylvania as a gentleman 
of integrity and reliability, says : " I was standing at the 
depot at Bethlehem, Pa., on the arrival of a train of cars, 
with four hundred rebel prisoners aboard, en route for one 
of our military prisons. They had eaten nothing since 
leaving Pittsburg, (forty-eight hours,) and were well nigh 
starved. The better class of citizens, irrespective of party, 
of Bethlehem, gave them food, which they ravenously 
devoured. The treatment of these prisoners was a dis- 
grace to the country, as there was no excuse for the out- 
rage, which it most certainly was, of starving human be- 
ings in a country filled with provisions." 

This is but one of the thousand instances, that can be 
proven from individual and official sources, proving the 
outrageous manner in which prisoners were treated, while 
at the same time, a volume of evidence can be furnished 
that the Confederate authorities were kind and humane 
in their management of prisoners. I merely give 
one instance of thousands that could be cited, to prove 
this statement. By referring to chapter 8, page 107, of 
the history of the One Hundred and Fourth Pennsylvania 
Eegiment, at that time commanded by Colonel W. W, 
H. Davis, the following paragraph appears :. "That night 
the enemy occupied my head-quarter cabin, which was 
filled with their own, and our wounded. Among the oc- 



SCEAPS FROM THE PEISON TABLE. 321 

cupants was General Roger A. Pry or, who treated our 
wounded with great kindness, a box of nice wines and 
brandy was found in the cabin, some of which, he gave 
to each wounded soldier. All the concurrent testimony 
proves that the enemy were kind to our wounded, that 
fell into their hands." And ever were, in spite of the 
brutalities to which their families were subjected, by the 
many marauding bands of the enemy. One instance 
cited, often thousand such, is related by Colonel Davis, 
chapter 16, page 210, of the same work: "On the first 
of June, 1863, Colonel Montgomery, with his negro 
regiment, made a raid up the Cumbahee river, to get 
recruits. He brought back eight hundred darkies, who ap- 
peared to be much better fitted to hoe cotton, than to 
carry a musket. J-There may be a difference between 
stealing negroes from their homes, on the Congo, in 
Africa, and stealing them from the Cumbahee, in South 
Carolina, but, many people, are not able to see the dif- 
ference. Colonel Montgomery in this raid burned thirty- 
four private dwellings, without a shadow of excuse, the 
families, mostly women and children, were summari- 
ly turned out of doors, and their homes destroyed before 
their eyes. Colonel Montgomery told the negroes ' that 
the country would belong to them after the war, and as 
they would have no use for the large houses, they^might 
burn them. ' The operation was a disgrace to our arms. 
How often they were disgraced during the war by men 
higher in rank than Colonel Montgomery, and the acts 
applauded, instead of being censured, and the guilty 
officer dismissed the service." No one will question the 
statement of General W. W. H. Davis, that distinguished 
soldier of Pennsylvania, whose honesty, integrity, and 
military record, is a part of the history of the country, 
and yet, Confederates treated their prisoners well, in spite 
of the desolating fiends, who were murdering, robbing 
and burning throughout the South. 




322 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 



J. P. Benjamin's and Robt. Quid's Letters. 



UNANSWERABLE ARGUMENTS. 



THE RESPONSIBILITY OF ANDERSONVILLE 
RESTS WITH THE ABOLITIONISTS. 



J. P. BENJAMIN'S LETTER. 



His Views of the Treatment of Federal Prisoners. 



TO THE TDITOR OF THE TlMES: 

Sir: I find on arriving in England, that public atten- 
tion is directed afresh to the accusation made by the 
Federal authorities that prisoners of war were cruelly 
treated by the Confederates — not merely in exceptional 
cases by subordinate officials — but systematically, and in 
conformity with a policy deliberately adopted by Presi- 
dent Davis, General Lee and Mr. Seddon. As a member 
of the Cabinet of President Davis from the date of his 
first inauguration under the Provisional Constitution to 
the final overthrow of the Confederate Government 
by force of arms, as a personal friend, whose relations 
with Jefferson Davis have) been of the most intimate and 
confidential nature, I feel it imperatively to be my duty 
to request your insertion of this letter in vindication of 



SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 323 

honorable men, who, less fortunate than myself, are now- 
held in close confinement by their enemies, and are 
unable to utter an indignant word in self-defense. 

A very material fact in relation to this charge of 
cruelty was omitted in the recent letter from your late 
"Richmond correspondent," who was probably not 
aware of it, but which I can attest from personal knowl- 
edge. During the difficulties which prevented the 
exchange of prisoners of war, cases arose which appealed 
so strongly to humanity that it was impossible for the 
most obdurate to remain insensible. The Federal au- 
thorities, therefore, empowered Colonel Mulford, their 
Commissioner ofExchauge, to consent to mutual delivery 
of such sick and disabled prisoners as were incapable of 
of performing military service. To this class was the 
exchange of prisoners rigorously restricted. Colonel 
Ould, the Confederate Commissioner of Exchange, (who 
has recently been honorably acquitted, by the Federals 
themselves, of the same false charge of cruelty to prison- 
ers,) made to the President, to the Secretary of War, 
aud to myself, repeated complaints that prisoners on 
both sides were frequently delivered in a condition so 
prostrate, as to render death certain, from exposure 
during the transit between James river and Washington, 
or Annapolis. Efforts were made, in vain, to check this 
evil. In spite of surgeon's certificates, that they were 
too ill for removal without imminent danger; sick men 
on both sides, wearied by long confinement, fearful that 
the exchange would be again interrupted, longing for the 
sight of home and friends, would either insist on their 
ability to endure the journey, or, professing that recovery 
was hopeless, would piteously implore to be allowed to 
see their families before death. The lifeless bodies of 
numbers of Confederates, shipped from the North under . 
these circumstances, were delivered to us at City Point, 
and the like result attended the delivery from our side. 
Rigid care was taken by the authorities of the United 
States to exclude from the exchange, all cases of slight 
illness, in accordance with their avowed policy of pre- 
venting our armies from being recruited by returned 



324 SCEAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 

prisoners, this being our . only resource for filling our 
thinned ranks, while they were able to procure unlimited 
recruits from this side of the Atlantic. From the class 
just mentioned the most emaciated specimens were 
chosen by our enemies, and exhibited as conclusive 
evidence that we exercised habitual cruelty towards 
prisoners of war. The most wretched and desperate 
cases were even made the originals for "photographs 
which cannot lie," and the revolting pictures of human 
infirmity, thus procured, were affixed as embellishments 
to sensational reports, manipulated by Congressional 
committees and sanitary commissions. 

It is not my purpose to examine in detail the question 
whether on us or on the Federals rests the responsibility 
of interrupting the exchange of prisoners, and thus pro- 
ducing a mass of human misery and anguish of which few 
examples can be found in history. The published cor- 
respondence of the Commissioners of Exchange and 
certain revelations made by Federal officials in public 
speeches and in newspaper articles, will be sufficient to 
satisfy on this point the few who take the pains to 
ascertain the truth; but in response to the allegations 
imputed, in the latest news from America, to General 
Hitchcock, that "for the dela} r s in exchanging and the 
consequent sufferings of the prisoners, the fault rested 
entirely with the Confederates," I would recall the fol- 
lowing facts : 

The first effort to establish a cartel of exchange was 
made by the Confederates, when I was temporarily in 
charge of the war office at Richmond, toward the close of 
the Provisional Government. General Howell Cobb, on 
our part, and General Wool, on the part of the United 
States, agreed on a cartel, which was submitted to their 
^respective governments for approval. In my instructions 
to General Cobb, he was specially directed to propose 
that, after exhausting exchanges, the party having surplus 
prisoners in possession, should allow them to go home on 
parole, till the other belligerent should succeed in captur- 
ing an equivalent number for exchange. When this pro- 
posal was made by us, we held a large number of prisoners 



SCEAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 325 

more than were in the hands of the enemy. It was ac- 
cepted by General Wool as one of the terms of the cartel, 
but, unfortunately, some successes of our enemies inter- 
vened before ratification by their government. They 
obtained, in their turn, an excess of prisoners, and at once 
refused to ratify the cartel. In the ensuing year, while 
General Randolph was Secretary of War, the Confeder- 
ates were a second time in possession of an excess of 
prisoners, and succeeded in negotiating a cartel, under 
which they liberated many thousands of prisoners on 
parole, without any present equivalent, thus securing in 
advance the liberation of a like number of their own 
soldiers that might afterward fall into the enemy's hands. 
This cartel remained many months in operation. No 
check or difficulty occurred, as long as we made a majority 
of captures. 

In July, 1863, the fortune of war became very adverse 
to the Confederacy. The battle of Gettysburg checked 
the advance of General Lee on the Federal capital, while 
almost simultaneously the fall of Vicksburg and Port 
Hudson gave to our enemies a large preponderance in the 
number of prisoners. The authorities at Washington 
immediately issued general orders, refusing to receive 
from General Lee the prisoners held by hifti, until they 
should be reduced to possession in Virginia, thus subject- 
ing their own men to the terrible suife rings glanced at by 
Colonel Fremantle, in order to embarrass General Lee's 
movements. They further refused to restore to us the 
excess of prisoners held by them, after having received, 
for nearly or quite a year, the benefit of the special pro- 
vision of the cartel, when it operated in their favor ; and 
during the entire war, they never once consented to a 
delivery to us of any prisoners, in excess of the number 
for which we were prepared to return an immediate^ 
equivalent. 

It requires no sagacity to perceive, that every motive 
of interest, as well as of humanity, operated to induce us 
to facilitate the exchange of prisoners, and to submit even 
to unjust and unequal terms, in order to recover soldiers, 
whom we could replace from no other source. On the 



326 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 

other hand, interest and humanity were at war in their 
influence on the Federal officials. Others must judge of 
the humanity and justice of the policy, which consigned 
hundreds of thousands of wretched men to captivity, ap- 
parently hopeless, but I can testify unhesitatingly to its 
sagacity and efficiency, and to the pitiless sternness with 
which it was executed. Indeed, tins refusal of exchange 
was one of the most fatal, blows dealt us during the war, 
and contributed to our overthrow more, perhaps, than 
any other single measure. I write not to make complaint 
of it, but simply to protest against the attempt of the 
Federals to divide the consequences of their own conduct, 
as to throw on us the odium attached to a cruelty plainly 
injurious to us, obviously beneficial to themselves. 

The sense of duty which prompts this letter, would be 
but imperfectly satisfied were I to withold at this juncture 
the testimony which none so well as myself can offer in re- 
lation to the charge of inhumanity made against Jefferson 
Davis. For the four years, during which I have been one 
of his most trusted advisers, the recipient of his confi- 
dence, the sharer, to the best of my abilities, in his labors 
and responsibilities, I have learned to know him better, 
perhaps, than he is known by any other living man. 
Neither in private conversation, nor in cabinet council, 
have I ever heard him utter one unworthy thought, one 
ungenerous sentiment. On repeated occasions, when the 
savage atrocities of such men as Butler, Turchin, Mc- 
Neill and others, were the subject of anxious considera- 
tion, and when it was urged upon Jefferson Davis, not 
only by friends in private letters, but by members of his 
Cabinet in council, that it was his duty to the peo- 
ple, and to the army, to endeavor to repress such out- 
rages by retaliation, he was immovable in his resistence to 
such counsels, insisting that it was repugnant to every 
sentiment of justice and humanity, that the innocent 
should l>e made victims for the crimes of such mon- 
sters. Without betraying the confidence of official in- 
tercourse, it may be permitted me to say, that when the 
notorious expedition of Dahlgren, against the city of 
Richmond had been defeated, and the leader killed in his 



SCRAPS FEOM THE PRISON TABLE 327 

flight, the papers found upon his body showed that he had 
been engaged in an attempt to assassinate the President 
and the heads of the Cabinet, to release the Federal 
prisoners confined in Richmond, to set fire to the city, 
and to loose his men and the released prisoners, with full 
license to gratify their passions on the helpless inhabitants. 

The instructions to his men had been elaborately pre- 
pared, and his designs communicated to them in an ad- 
dress ; the incendiary materials for firing the town formed 
part of his equipment. The proof was clear and undeni- 
able. In the action, in which Dahlgren fell, some of his 
men were taken prisoners. They were brought to Rich- 
mond, and public opinion was unanimous, that they were 
not entitled to be considered as prisoners of war ; that 
they ought to be put to trial as brigands and assassins, 
and executed as such if found guilty. In cabinet council 
the conviction was expressed, that these men had acquired 
no immunity from punishment for their crimes, if guilty, 
by the fact of their having been admitted to surrender by 
their captors, before knowledge of their offenses. A dis- 
cussion ensued, which became so heated as almost to create 
unfriendly feeling, by reason of the unshaken firmness of 
Mr. Davis, in maintaining that although these men merited 
a refusal to grant them quarter in the heat of battle, they 
had been received to mercy by their captors as prisoners 
of war, and such were sacred ; and that we should be dis- 
honored if harm should overtake them after their sur- 
render, the acceptance of which constituted, in his judg- 
ment, a pledge that they should receive the treatment of 
prisoners of war. To Jefferson Davis alone, and to his 
constancy of purpose, did these men owe their safety, in 
spite of hostile public opinion, and in opposition to two- 
thirds of the cabinet. 

I forbear from further trespass on your space, although 
I am in possession of numerous other facts^ bearing on 
the subject, that could not fail to interest all who are de- 
sirous of seeing justice done to the illustrious man, of 
whose present condition I will not trust myself to speak. 
I remain, sir, your obedient servant, 

J. P. BENJAMIN. 



328 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 

ANDEKSONVILLE. 



ROBERT OULD S LETTERS. 

" On the 16th of August, 1864, I addressed the follow- 
ing communication to Brigadier-General JohnE. Mulford, 
(then major,) Assistant Agent of Exchange : 

"'Richmond, August 10, 1864. 
" 'Major John E. Mulford, Assistant Agent of Ex- 
change : 

" ' Sir : You have several times proposed to me to ex- 
change the prisoners, respectively held by the two bel- 
ligerents — officer for officer, and man for man. The 
same offer has also been made by other officials having 
charge of matters connected with the exchange of pris- 
oners. 

'"This proposal has heretofore been declined by the 
Confederate authorities, they insisting upon the terms of 
the cartel, which required the delivery of the excess on 
either side on parole. In view, however, of the very 
large number of prisoners now held by each party, and 
the suffering consequent upon their continued confine- 
ment, I now consent to the above proposal, and agree to 
deliver to you the prisoners held in captivity by the Con- 
federate authorities, provided you agree to deliver an 
equal number of Confederate officers and men. As equal 
numbers are delivered from time to time, they will be 
declared exchanged. This proposal is made with the 
understanding that the officers and men, on both sides, 
who have been longest in captivity will be first delivered 
where it is practicable. 

'"I shall be happy to hear from you as speedy as pos- 
sible, whether this arrangement can be carried out. 
" 'Respectfully, your obedient servant, 

"'RO. OULD, 
" ' Agent of Exchange. " 
"The delivery of this letter was accompanied with a 



SCEAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 329 

statement of the mortality which was hurrying so many 
Federal prisoners, at Andersonville, to the grave, 

"On the 22d day of August, 18G4, not having heard 
anything in response, I addressed a communication to 
Major-General E. A. Hitchcock, United States Cpm- 
missioner of Exchange, covering a copy of the foregoing 
letter to General Mulford, and requesting an acceptance 
of my. propositions. 

"No answer was ever received to either of these 
letters. General Mulford, on the 81st of August, 1864, 
informed me in writing, that he had no communication 
on the subject from the United States authorities, and 
that he was not, at that time, authorized to make an 
answer. 

"Tkis offer, which would have instantly restored to 
freedom thousands of suffering captives, which would 
have released every Federal soldier in confinement in 
Confederate prisons, was not even noticed. As the 
Federal authorities, at that time, had a large excess of 
prisoners, the effect of the proposal which 1 had made, 
if carried out, would have been to release all Union 
prisoners, while a large number of the Confederates 
would have remained in prison, awaiting the chances of 
the capture of their equivalents. 

This is Startling enough, but what will the christian 
world think of what follows? On the 24th of January, 
1864, Mr. Oulcl wrote to General Hitchcock, the Fed- 
eral Agent of Exchange: 

"In view of the present difficulties attending the ex- 
change and release of prisoners, I propose that all such 
on eaeh side shall be attended by a proper number of 
their own surgeons, who, under rules to be established, 
shall be permitted to take charge of their health and 
comfort. 

" I also propose that these surgeons shall act as com- 
missaries, with power to receive and distribute such con- 
tributions of money, food, clothing and medicines, as 
may be forwarded, for the relief of prisoners. I further 
propose that these surgeons be selected, by their own 
governments, and that they shall have full liberty at anv 
22 



330 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 

and all times, through the agents of exchange, to make 
reports, not only of their own acts, but of any matters 
relating to the welfare of prisoners." 

The writer adds: 

" To this communication no reply- of any kind was 
ever made. I need not state how much suffering would 
have been prevented, if this offer had been met in the 
spirit in which it was dictated. In addition, the world 
have had truthful accounts of the treatment of prisoners 
on both sides, by officers of character, and thus much of 
that misrepresentation which has flooded the country, 
would never have been poured forth. It will be borne 
in mind that nearly all of the suffering endured by 
Federal prisoners, happened after January, 1864. The 
acceptance of the proposition made by me, on behalf of 
the Confederate government, would not only, have fur- 
nished to the sick, medicines and physicians, but to the 
well an abundance of food and clothing, from the ample 
stores of the United States. 

The statements go on increasing in interest. Witness 
the next : 

"When it was ascertained that exchanges could not be 
made either on the basis of the cartel, or officer for officer 
and man fur man, I was instructed by the Confederate 
authorities to offer to the United States government their 
sick and wounded, without requiring any equivalents. 
Accordingly, in the summer of 1864,1 did offer to deliver 
from ten to fifteen thousand of the sick and wounded, at 
the mouth of the Savannah river, without requiring any 
equivalents, assuring at the same time the agent of the 
United States, General Mulford, that if the num- 
ber for which he might send transports could not readily 
be made up from sick and w r ounded, I would supply the 
difference with well men. Although this offer was made 
in the summer of 1864, transportation was not sent to the 
Savannah river until about the middle or last of NovenY- 
ber, and then I delivered as many prisoners as could be 
transported — some thirteen thousand in number, amongst 
whom were more than five thousand well men. 

More than once I urged the mortality at Andersonville 



SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 331 

as a reason for haste on the part of the United States 
authorities. I know, personally, that it was the purpose 
of the Confederate government to send off from all its 
prisons, all the sick and wounded, and to continue to do 
the same, from time to time, without requiring any 
equivalents for them. It was because the sick and 
wounded, at points distant from Georgia, could not be 
brought to Savannah within a reasonable time, that the 
live thousand well men were substituted." 

Again, Mr. Ould says, and appeals to General Mulford 
and other Federal officers, to support what he says: 

"In the summer of 1864, in consequence of certain 
information communicated to me, by the Surgeon Gen- 
eral of the Confederate States, as to the deficiency of 
medicines, I offered to make purchases of medicines from 
the United States authorities, to be used exclusively for 
the relief of Federal prisoners. I offered to pay gold, 
cotton or tobacco for them, and even two or three prices 
if required. At the same time I gave assurances that 
the medicines would be used exclusively in the treatment 
of Federal prisoners, and moreover agreed, on behalf of 
the Confederate States, if it was insisted on, that such 
medicines might be brought into the Confederate lines 
by the United States surgeons, and dispensed by them. 
To this offer I never received any reply. Incredible as 
this appears, it is strictly true. 

"General John E. Mulford is personally cognizant of 
the truth of most, if not all the facts which I have nar- 
rated. He was connected with the cartel from its date 
until the close of the war. During a portion of the time 
he was Assistant Agent of Exchange on the part of the 
United States. I always found him to be an honorable 
and truthful gentleman. While he discharged his duties 
with great fidelity to his own government, he was. kind, 
and I might almost say, tender to confederate prisoners. 
With that portion of the correspondence with which his 
name is connected, he is familiar. He is equally so with 
the delivery made at Savannah, and its attending circum- 
stances, and with the offer I made as to the purchase of 



332 SCEAPS FROM THE PEISON TABLE. 

medicines for the Federal sick and wounded. I appeal 
to him for the truth of what I have written." 

We now come to a matter which not only has a touch- 
ing but a local interest. On the shelves of all the public 
and many of the private libraries of Philadelphia, will be 
found a volume got up during the fiercest excitement of 
the war, and under the auspices, strange to say, of the 
Sanitary Commission, whose business one would think 
was to heal, not to stimulate, asperities, descriptive of 
the crudities inflicted on our prisoners. It was issued 
under the immediate approval of the Honorable J. Clark 
Hare— now Radical candidate for the District Court — 
Doctor Ellerslie Wallace, and other eminent lawyers, and 
was adorned with a frightful photograph of emaciated 
and dying Northern prisoners landed at Annapolis. 
Judge Ould gives the secret history of this infamous 
imposture: 

"On two occasions, at least, we were asked to send 
forward the very sick and most desperately wounded of 
the prisoners in our hands. Accordingl}', the hospitals 
were searched for the worst cases, and after they were 
delivered they were taken to Annapolis, and there photo- 
graphed as specimen prisoners." 



ROSTER 



OF 



PEISONERS, 



CONFIXED AT JOHNSON'S ISLAND, AND EXCHANGED SEP- 
TEMBER, 1862. 



536 



SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 



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338 



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339 






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394 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 



CASUALTIES AND CHANGES 

AMONG 

Commissoiied Officers after Exchange, 

AND RESIDENCE AND OCCUPATION OF THOSE LIVING, So FAR 
AS KNOWN. 



Alpheus Baker, Brigadier-General, Eufaula, Ala., Lawyer. 

Robert Andrews, Captain, Alabama, Farmer. 

T. M. Atkins, Colonel, Allenville, Ky., Farmer. 

W. T. Avery, transferred to P. 0. Dept., Memphis, Ten n.. 
Lawyer. 

0. N. Avery, killed at the battle of the " Wilderness." 

T. C. Banks, Williamson co , Tenn , Farmer. 

T. J. Barrett, killed at the battle of Franklin, Tenn. 

Thos. Beaumont, Colonel, killed in action in Georgia. 

Joel A. Battel, Farmer, Tennessee 

H. L. Bedford, Memphis, Tennessee, Lawyer. 

N. J. Benson, Captain, Mississippi, Farmer. 

A. G. Berry, Tennessee, Teacher. 

J. N. Bolan, Murray, Kentucky, Dentist. 

.Leonidas Betts, Mississippi, Merchant. 

J. W. Bradshaw, Captain and Adjutant, Forrest's Cavalry, 
Nashville, Merchant. 

0. W. Brown, Alabama, Lawyer. 

T. W. Brown, U. S. Publishing Compan} 7 , 411 Broome St., 
New York. 

J. P. Campbell, Adjutant, died in hospital duriug the war. 

W. R. Butler, Colonel, Commission Merchant, Murfreesboro'. 
Tennessee. 

J. W. Childress, Jr., Oapt., Merchant, Murfreesboro', Tenn. 



SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 39o 

J. B. Budwell, Warrington, Va. 

W. P. Clarkson, died in Texas, in spring of 1868. 

B F. Darnell, Way's Bluff, Miss., Farmer. 

J. B. B. Flint, Fulton, Miss., Druggist. 

G. W. B. Garrett, Major, Pocahontas, Term., Merchant. 

A. J. Gibson, Salem, Miss., Farmer. 

D. R. Dickson, Crump's Mill, Miss., Merchant. 
N. L. Daisy, Captain, Rickersville, Miss., Farmer. 
W. S. Bowdry, Baldwin, Miss., Merchant. 

J. Guerrant, Goochland C. H., Va. 

W. H Hedden, Captain, Memphis, Tenn., Merchant. 

T. T. Kirtland, Memphis, Tenn., Merchant. 

R. J. Hill, Orizaba, Miss., Merchant. 

M. P. Harbin, Orizaba, Miss , Farmer. 

J. H. Kennedy, Baldwin, Miss., Farmer. 

G. W. McCranie, Colonel, Monroe, Louisiana, Editor. 

J. F. Wilhight, Rockport, Boone co., Mo., Farmer. 

II. W. Salmon, Colonel, Clinton, Henry co., Mo. 

A. J. Witherspoon, Alabama, Minister. 

J* S. Thompson, Baldwiu, Mississippi, Teacher. 

J. C. Turner Captain, killed in action, 18(55. 

J. B. Purnell, Crump's Mill, Mississippi, Physician. 

J. Y. Moore, deceased. 

A D. Saddler, Captain, Baldwin, Mississippi, Miller. 

W. S. Rogan, Blackland, Mississippi, Farmer. 

J. H. Riddlesperger, Captain, Ruckersville, Miss., Farmer. 

W. C. Young, Captain, New Albany, Miss., Farmer. 

J. A. Warren, Friar's Point, Mississippi, Physician. 

A. D. Suddeth, Captain, Friar's Point, Mississippi. 

H. H. Robinson, Cottonplant, Mississippi, Farmer. 

E. Roberts, left the service. 

H. M. Smith, dropped from the rolls. 

John Shirley Ward, Nashville, Tennessee, Editor. 

T. E. Mallory, Captain, Adam's Sta., Tenn., Merchant. 

W. H. Harris, Major, New York city, Commission Merchant. 

H. V. Harrison, Captain, Springfield, Tennessee, Merchant. 

John Neil, Tennessee, Farmer. 

F. D. Overton, Nashville, Tennessee. 

G. M. Parker, Colonel, Mobile, Alabama, (Woodruff & Par- 
ker,) Merchants. 

W. G. Pease, Agent Fielding, Guinness & Co., New York. 
W. R. Poindexter, Tobacco Inspector, Brooklyn, N. Y. 
J. H. Gray, Richmond, Virginia. Lawyer. 
D. B. Griswold, Captain, Friar's Point, Miss., Merchant. 



396 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 

R. H. McClellan, Captain, Charlotte, Term., Merchant. 
J. M. Winstead, Colonel, Nashville, Tenn., Merchant. 
John K Wright, killed in action. 

A. F. Smith, Clarksville, Tennessee, Merchant. 
J. Tally, Captain, died since the war. 

W. F, Young, Clarksville, Tennessee, Teacher. 

T. U. Titrnarsh, died i'n Memphis, Tennessee, 1867. 

W. A. Quarles, Brig. -Gen., ClarlcHville, Tenn., Lawyer. 

R. A. Wilson, Captain, New Providence, Tenn., Merchant. 

St. Clair Morgan, killed at Chickamauga. 

S. M. Thompson, Colonel, Alabama, Farmer. 

J. W. Bryan, Captain, Nashville, Tennessee, Farmer. 

Thomas Cibson, Captain, Nashville, Tennessee, Merchant. 

R. Seymour, Texas. 

J. A. Minter, Colonel, Memphis, Tennessee, Merchant. 

R. A. Mitchell, Captain, Lynnville, Tennessee, Merchant. 

W. 0. Watts, Major, New Orleans, Louisiana. 

.James A. Fisher, Tennessee, Farmer. 

F. Tryon, killed in action. 

J. W. Walker, Captain, Memphis, Tennessee, Merchant. 

S. P. Walker, Jr., Captain, Memphis, Tenn., Lawyer. 

J. Taylor, Mississippi, Farmer. 

H. P. Pointer, Spring Hill, Tennessee, Farmer. 

C. H. Stockdell. Nashville, Tennessee, Merchant. 

B. F. Saunders, assassinated in North Carolina, in 1868. 
T. S. Sale, Memphis, Tennsssee. 

P. K. Stankewitz, Nashville, Tennessee, Janitor Med. Col. 

James Simmons, died in Arkansas. 

W. H. Joiner, Lieutenant-Colonel, Tennessee, Farmer. 

U. S. Lipscomb, Captain, Cincinnati, Ohio, Cotton Broker. 

b). W. Harlow, Nashville, Tennessee, Merchant. 

J. R. Hodges, died at Johnson's Island, 1862. 

A. J. Hughes, Nashville, Tennessee, Merchant. 

F. H. Lytle, Memphis, Tennessee, Merchant. 
A. J. Laird, Eufaula, Alabama. 

L. J. Laird, Eufaula, Alabama. 

A. S. Levey, Major, Memphis, Tennessee, Merchant. 
J. W. Lindsey, Nashville, Tennessee, Merchant. 
A. Lindsey, Nashville, Tennessee, Merchant. 
Josiah Joplin, Myrtle Springs, Bowie county, Texas, Farmer. 
0. F. Johnson, Colonel, Tyler, Johnson & Co., Louisville, 
Kentucky, Merchants. 

G. R. G Jones, Memphis, Tennessee, Lawyer. 

G. W. Gordon, died at Vicksburg, Miss., September, 1862, 



SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 397 

A. W. Gould, killed in Tennessee. 
J. F. Grant, Pulaski, Tennessee, Physician. 
E. F. Freeman, Memphis, Tennessee, Physician. 
Leslie Ellis, Nashville, Tennessee, Merchant. 
•John R. Farrabe. died in Mississippi, 1867. 
A. C. Gibson, Major, Clinton, Mississippi, Fanner. 
T. R. Kelsey, killed in action. 

J P. Kirkman, frozen to death, near Columbia, Tennessee, 
1867. 

J. McDaniels, Nashville, Tennessee, Printer. 
R. McCall, Captain, Bethesda, Tennessee, Merchant. 
W. D. McKay, Captain, Louisville, Kentucky. 
R. D Palmer, Nashville, Tennessee, Merchant. 
A. J. McWhorter, Nashville, Tennessee, Merchant. 
F P. McWhorter, Nashville, Tennessee, Merchant 
J. W. Martin, Captain, Nashville, Tennessee, Physician. 
D. B. Martin, Union City, Tennessee. 
' F. D. Moore. Humboldt, Tennessee, M. & 0. R. R. Officer. 
J. W. Morton, Jr , Captain, Nashville, Tennessee, Physician. 
M. Burke, Nashville, Tennessee, Steamboat Man. 
•I- G. Crowder, killed at Franklin, Tennessee 



vSix years have elapsed since these " scraps " were 
written. Constant travel since the war and want of op- 
portunity has prevented their publication, yet the writer 
deems them as appropriate to-day as then, and has no 
alterations to make in them— regretting naught. 



Ho ! for a Trip 'Round the World. 



The following card of the agencies of Dr. H. L. Leaf, is published 
as a complimentary gratuity, to a friend of the author's childhood. 

The Pacific railroad, upon its completion, will open to the South 
an immense trade, uniting her with the world in commercial links. 
Much of this will find its way through New York and Philadelphia ; 
and, as 'tis more than probable, Dr. Leaf will be the Philadelphia 
agent of that railroad line — as he has been for so many years the com- 
petent representative of the steamship interests — it is well that the 
Southern people should know him. There are but few men of our day 
whose lives have been so full of adventure, as that of Dr. Harlan L. 
Leaf — twenty-eight trips across the Isthmus, ventures to the Sandwich 
Islands, New Zealand and other parts of the world. Testamonials from 
communities for his humane efforts (in one instance risking health and 
life to assist in ameliorating the condition of his fellow man, which 
effort was recognized by the grateful recipients, and the gallant Leaf 
wears a maguificent watch, as a testimonial of their estimate of his 
worth); an Indian fighter during the Texas struggle; a traveler over 
the length and breadth of his own country, with a well stored mind, 
the result of a thorough classical education, stamps Dr. Leaf as one 
of the most remarkable men of our times; and it is to such a character 
that our Southern, traveling community should look for facilities, 
when their objective point is either of the four quarters of the globe. 
Dr. Leaf is a true man, with extraordinary business qualifications ; 
is honest to the letter and spirit of his calling, and as a faithful 
agent he has no superior; and, while a staunch defender of the Union 
cause during our late struggle, he was ever humane and generous in 
Ins dealings with Southern citizens ; and the traveling public South 
can rest assured, that all those desirous of going to any part of the 
world, will be furnished extra facilities by consulting, either by letter 
or in person, Dr. II. L. Leaf, (at Adams Express Co., 320 Chestnut 
street,) or that old hero of the Pacific and Neptune of the Atlantic, the 
courtly Captain P. R. Baby, the New York agent of the Pacific Mail 
Steamship Company, whose knowledge of his duties is alone ex- 
celled by his generosity. The author has crossed the Atlantic on the 
Cunard, Inman, Collins and French Trans- Atlantic lines, and 
deems the latter the best that ever crossed the ocean. George 
Mackenzie, the agent at New York, is one of the most accomplished 
gentlemen and best budness managers on the continent of America. 
But, if the traveler prefers an English line, advise with Messrs. How- 
land and Aspinwall, (or their agent, Dr. Leaf,) of New York, who 
are courteous in their business dealings, and represent one of the 
best English lines — the London Steamship) Company. For a supe- 
rior route to reach the North, take the Memphis and Louisville Road 
and the Atlantic and Great Western— they are the best, because Col. 
Samuel Jones, of the former, and Colonel Sitattuuk, of the latter, are 
the most compatent railroad managers in the United States. If you 
move by water, take any boat that John C. Davis' or Frank Stein 
commands. 



H. L. LEAF'S 

STEAMSHIP PASSAGE ID Fill FSflT OFFICE. 

AT THE ADAMS EXPRESS COMPACT, 

NO. 320 CHESTNUT ST., PHILADELPHIA. 

Prices of Passage the same in Philadelphia as in New York. 

Refer to Refer to 

At>ams Express Co. ""CirJL. Kinsley Express Co. 

Howard Express Co. HWilk \V. B. Dinsmore, President Adams 



American European Express Co. A te V' l T'st, Express Co. 

Wei.t.s, Fargo & Co. 3ffi§&iSiii Dbexki. & Co. 

Harnden Express Co. ^6-j.^-hi.'.^- ' Jay Cook & Co. 

E. S. Saneorp, &c. 

To California, Japan, China, Australia, New Zealand, Smith and Central 
America, <fcc., by the " Pacific Mail Steamship Co." via Panama. S^'Ou the 1st, 
9.h, 16th and 24th of each Month, except when these days fall on Sunday, then 
on the Saturday preceding. 

To Havre and Brest, France, by the General Trans-Atlantic Mail Steamship 
Company. 
t To S,oiui«r., by "Howland& Aspinwall's " London and New York Steamship 
Line, to and from London. 

To Liverpool, England, Ireland, Germany, and other Ports of Europe, by the 
Iuman and other Steamship Lines, every Saturday and Wednesday. 

To Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, &c. 

To Havana, Cuba, and the West Indies. 

To New Orleans, Savannah, Charleston, &c. 

AGENCY FOR THE "AMERICAN EUROPEAN EXPRESS CO." 

Austin Baldwin & Co., Proprietors, New York. Tii» only recognized connection of 
the Express Companies of the United States with Europe, Asia, West Indies, 
and South America. 

<»OODS, t'REIUHT ArVR PARCELS to all parts of Europe, Asia, &c, 
forwarded promptly twice each week. 

Bills for £1 Sterling and to any amount, supplied at any time. 

PRINCIPAL AGENCIES: 

NEW YORK. Austin Baldwin .(■ Co., 72 Broadway. 
LONDON. H. Starr <fc Co., 22 Moorgate St., E. C. ' 
LIVERPOOL. Stavely <fc Starr, 32 Dale. Street. 
DUBLIN. Royal Bank of Ireland. 

PARIS. L. herbette Kane & Co., No. 8 Place de la Bourse. 
ROME, Vicuna, Hamburg, Stockholm, Copenhagen, <tc. 

tST Any change in the above rates or sailing days, can be ascertained at the offi -e. 

101) pounds of baggage allowed each adult passenger, and 10 cents per pound will 
be charged on the excess. 

Passengers by purchasing at this office, will avoid all imposition, have their Passage 
secured, and can remain with their families until the night previous to the sailing 
day, and thus avoid hotel bills and other expenses in New York. You will promote 
your interest and comfort, by purchasing of 

II. L. LEAF, Agent, 

At the A darns Express Co., Xo. 320 Chestnut St., Philadelphia, 



MARLEY & CO., 

OOK BIDDERS, 

Arch St., above Sixth St., 

PHILADELPHIA, PA.. 

The best in the City. 









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